The English source dictionary · partial corpus coverage

English word origins · page 155

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Page 155 of 180

rowdy

Possibly from row (“noisy argument”), originally used as a noun.

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Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *Hreyk- Proto-Indo-European *-ō Proto-Indo-European *Hréykō Proto-Germanic *rīgǭder. Proto-Germanic *raigwō Proto-Germanic *raiwō Proto-West Germanic *raiwu Old English rǣw Middle Engli

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rowel

From Middle English rowel, rowell, rowelle, from Old French roel, roiele (compare modern French rouelle), from Late Latin rotella, diminutive of Latin rota (“wheel”). Doublet of rotella.

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

rowen

From Middle English rewayn, from Anglo-Norman rewain, from an Old Northern French variant of Old French regain (“an increase”), from re- + gaigner (“to till, win”). The alternative forms represent replacement of unanalys

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

rower

From Middle English rower, rowere, roware, equivalent to row + -er. Cognate with Dutch roeier (“rower”), Danish roer (“rower”), Norwegian roer (“rower”). Compare also Old English rōwend (“rower”).

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

rowf

Imitative. Compare woof, ruff.

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rowi

Borrowed from Māori rowi.

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rown

From Middle English rowen, from Old English rōwen, ġerōwen, from Proto-Germanic *rōanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *rōaną (“to row”), equivalent to row + -en.

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rowy

From row + -y.

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roy

From Middle English roy, roye, borrowed from Old French roi (“king”). Doublet of rajah, Rex, rex, and rich.

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royal

From Middle English royal, from Old French roial (Modern French royal), from Latin rēgālis, from rēx (“king”). Doublet of regal (“befitting a king”), real (“unit of currency”), ariary, and riyal. Cognate with Spanish rea

1 source section · 12 relationship mentions

royd

Inherited from Middle English *rode (“clearing”), from Old English rodu (“clearing”), from Proto-West Germanic *rodu, variant of *rod, from Proto-Germanic *rudą, from *reudaną (“to clear”). Compare German Rodung, from Ge

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

roza

From Hindi रौज़ा (rauzā, “garden; mausoleum”)/Urdu روضہ (rauza), from Classical Persian روضه (rawza), from Arabic روضة (rawḍa, “garden; meadow”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rozz

Compare rozzer.

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rrah

Imitative.

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rrat

From narrative.

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rraup

Imitative.

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rtPA

From r (“recombinant”) + tPA (“tissue plasminogen activator”).

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rta

Unadapted learned borrowing from Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; rule; truth”). Doublet of asha.

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rtvik

From Sanskrit ऋत्विक् (ṛtvik).

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ruach

From Hebrew רוּחַ (rúakh, “spirit”).

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ruan

Borrowed from Mandarin 阮 (short for 阮咸, ruǎnxián).

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ruana

From French ruana and its etymon, Spanish ruana (“woolen fabric or garment”), of disputed origin. Suggestions include Latin rūga (“wrinkle”), Quechua ruana (“textile”).

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rub

Inherited from Middle English rubben, of unknown origin; possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rubbōną, a hypothetical variant of *ruppōną (“to tear (off), rip; to wear away, rub”), related to *reufaną (“to tear”) (>

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

rubab

Borrowed from Persian رُبَاب, from Arabic رُبَاب (rubāb), plural of رَبَابَة (rabāba); similar forms exist in many languages where the instrument is played, such as Pashto رَبَاب (rabāb), Punjabi ਰਬਾਬ (rabāb) / رَبَاب (r

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rubai

Borrowed from Arabic رُبَاعِيّ (rubāʕiyy).

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rube

Generic use of the name Rube. See hey rube for more.

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rubel

Transliteration of Belarusian рубе́ль (rubjélʹ). Doublet of rubl and ruble.

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rubi

From Japanese ルビ (rubi), from English ruby.

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rubl

Borrowed from Russian рубль (rublʹ).

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ruble

Borrowed from Russian рубль (rublʹ). Doublet of rubel and rubl.

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rubor

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti Proto-Italic *ruðēō Latin rubeō Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *-ōs Proto-It

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rubus

From the genus name, from Latin rubus.

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ruby

From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus. Doublet of rubi and rubine. Etymology 1 sense 7 (“pronunciation guide”) is from the British 5½-point type size (etymology 1 sense 6), use

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ruche

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *Hrew-der. Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk- Proto-Celtic *rukskos Proto-Celtic *rūskos Gaulish rūscabor. Early Medieval Latin rusca Old French rusche Middle French rusche French ruchebor. E

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ruck

From Middle English ruke, from or related to Old Norse hraukr, which is from Proto-Germanic *hraukaz (“haystack, heap”). Compare Icelandic hrúka, Swedish ruka.

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rud

From Middle English rudden, ruden, from Old English rudian (“to be ruddy”) (compare rudu (“redness”)), from Proto-Germanic *rudāną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰéh₁ti, from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”); cognate with Old Cornish

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

rudd

Akin to rud, ruddy, ruddock. Via Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (whence also red) cognate with German Rotfeder, Irish ruán, Slovene rdečeperka. Compare typologically Bulgarian червеноперка (červenoperka) (<+ червен (červe

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

ruddy

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-der. Old English rudu Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Old English rudiġ Middle English rody English ruddy Inherited from

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rude

From Middle English rude, from Old French rude, ruide, from Latin rudis (“rough, raw, rude, wild, untilled”).

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ruden

From rude + -en.

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rudie

From rudeboy + -ie.

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rue

From Middle English rewe, reowe, from Old English hrēow (“sorrow, regret, penitence, repentance, penance”), from Proto-West Germanic *hreuwu (“pain, sadness, regret, repentance”). Cognates include German reuen (“to regre

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rueda

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *Hreth₂- Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂eh₂der. Proto-Italic *rotā Latin rota Old Spanish rueda Spanish ruedabor. English rueda Borrowed from Spanish rueda.

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ruff

Clipping of ruffle, or possibly from rough.

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ruffe

From Middle English ruff(e), roffe (“a saltwater fish, esp. of the family Sparidae; the freshwater fish Gymnocephalus cernua”), of uncertain origin. Theories include: * Perhaps an alteration of rough, referring to its sc

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rufo-

Borrowed from Latin rūfus (“red”), with the standard Latinate -i- euphonic interfix replaced with the Greek -o- interfix due to scientific usage.

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rufol

Latin rufus (“reddish”) + -ol.

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rug

Uncertain; probably of North Germanic origin; perhaps inherited via Middle English *rugge (suggested by Middle English ruggy (“hairy, shaggy, bristly”) and rugged (“hairy, shaggy, rugged”)), from Old Norse rǫgg (“shaggin

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ruga

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁roug-h₂-der. Proto-Italic *rougā Latin rūgabor. English ruga Borrowed from Latin rūga (“a crease in the face, wrinkle”).

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rugby

From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (

3 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

ruggy

(sense 2) rug + -y

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ruibe

Borrowed from Japanese ルイベ.

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ruin

From Middle English ruyne, ruine, from Old French ruine, from Latin ruīna (“overthrow, ruin”), from ruō (“to fall down, tumble, sink in ruin, rush”).

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ruki

From the sounds (r, u̯, K, i̯) which triggered the change. The law is stated as a mnemonic rule because the word руки (ruki) means “hands” in Russian.

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ruku'

Borrowed from Arabic رُكُوع (rukūʕ).

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rule

From Middle English reule, rewle, rule, borrowed from Old French riule, reule, from Latin regula (“straight stick, bar, ruler, pattern”), from regō (“to keep straight, direct, govern, rule”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-E

3 source sections · 12 relationship mentions

rulee

From rule + -ee.

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ruler

From Middle English reuler; equivalent to rule + -er.

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rulez

From rule + -z.

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ruly

From Middle English rewly, ruly, rewely, reweliche, from Old English hrēowlīċ (“grievous, pitiful, sad, wretched, cruel”), equivalent to rue + -ly.

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rum

In common use since at least 1654, of uncertain origin. Theories include: * that it is a shortening of rumbullion or rumbustion, names for rum also attested in the Caribbean during the mid-17th century, * that it derives

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rumba

Borrowed from Spanish rumba.

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rumbo

Arbitrary extension of rum; or perhaps compare rumbullion.

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rumen

Borrowed from Latin rūmen.

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rumex

From the genus name.

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rumly

From rum + -ly.

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rummy

Unknown, with much speculation. Perhaps related to rum via poker slang, or ultimately from German Ruhm (“fame, glory”).

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rumor

From Middle English rumour, from Old French rumeur, from Latin rūmor (“common talk”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewH- (“to shout, to roar”).

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rump

From Middle English rumpe, from Old Norse rumpr (“rump”), from Middle Low German rump (“the bulk or trunk of a body, trunk of a tree”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rumpō (“trunk of a tree, log”). The ultimate origin

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rumpo

Etymology tree English rumpy-pumpy Latin ō Old French ohbor. Middle English o English O ▲ Middle English o English oh English -o English rumpo From rumpy-pumpy + -o.

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rumpy

From rump + -y.

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run

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”),

2 source sections · 38 relationship mentions

rune

Etymology tree Proto-Celtic *rūnābor.? Proto-Germanic *rūnō Proto-Germanic *rūnǭ Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo) Old Norse rúnbor. English rune Borrowed from Old Norse rún, which is from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature

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runed

From rune + -ed.

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runer

From rune + -er.

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rung

From Middle English rung, from Old English hrung, from Proto-West Germanic *hrungu, from Proto-Germanic *hrungō. Cognate with Dutch rong (“pole, stanchion”), German Runge (“stake, pole, stanchion”), Gothic 𐌷𐍂𐌿𐌲𐌲𐌰 (

2 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

rungu

Borrowed from Swahili rungu.

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runic

Etymology tree Proto-Celtic *rūnābor.? Proto-Germanic *rūnō Proto-Germanic *rūnǭ Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo) Old Norse rúnbor. English rune Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor.

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runn

From Hindi [Term?].

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runny

Etymology tree English run Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English runny From run + -y.

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runs

Usually said to allude to the fact that an affected person is frequently running to get to a toilet immediately. Sometimes said to allude to the runniness (runny consistency) of the stool.

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runt

The OED classifies this word as "of obscure origin". Some see a connection to Middle Dutch runt (“ox”), but the OED considers this to be unlikely. Possibly connected to Icelandic hrotti meaning "brute".

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

runty

Etymology tree English runt Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English runty From runt + -y.

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runup

Deverbal from run up.

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runza

Trade name, said to have been introduced by Sally Everett (née Brening), who began selling them in Lincoln, Nebraska, in 1949. Possibly from Krautrunz, an older German name for the bierock, or Low German runsa, "belly",

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ruote

Unadapted borrowing from Italian ruote (“wheels”). Doublet of rotor and rota.

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rupa

From Sanskrit रूप (rūpá, “form, shape, figure”).

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rupee

Coined by Sher Shah Suri, the Sultan of the Suri Empire 1540–1545 as Hindustani रुपीया / رُوپِییَہ (rūpīya), variant of रुपया / رُوپَیَہ (rūpaya, “rupee”), from Sanskrit रूप्यक (rūpyaka, “silver coin”), from रूप्य (rūpya

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rupes

Borrowed from Latin rūpēs (“cliff”).

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rupia

From Ancient Greek ῥυπία (rhupía), from ῥύπος (rhúpos, “filth”).

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rural

From Old French rural, from Latin rūrālis (“rural”), from rūs (“countryside”) + -ālis.

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ruru

Borrowed from Māori ruru. First use in English appears c. 1842.

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ruse

From Middle English rūse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; circuitous course taken by a hunter to pursue a game animal”), from Old French rëuse, ruse (“evasive movements of a pursued animal; trickery”) (modern Fre

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

rush

Perhaps from Middle English ruschen, russchen (“to rush, startle, make a loud rushing noise”), from Old English hrysċan (“to jolt, startle”), from Proto-West Germanic *hurskijan, from Proto-Germanic *hurskijaną (“to star

3 source sections · 67 relationship mentions

rushy

From Middle English russhy, russhi, resshi, equivalent to rush (“a plant”) + -y.

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rusk

Borrowed from Spanish or Portuguese rosca (“a twist or roll of bread”)

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rust

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁re

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

rusty

From Middle English rusty, from Old English rūstiġ (“rusty”), from Proto-Germanic *rustagaz (“rusty”), equivalent to rust + -y. Cognate with Saterland Frisian rusterch (“rusty”), West Frisian rustich, roastich (“rusty”),

3 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

rusul

From Arabic رُسُل (rusul)

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rut

From Middle English rutte (noun) and rutten (verb), from Old French rut (“noise, roar, bellowing”), from Latin rugītus, from rugīre (“to roar”).

2 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

rutch

Partly from German rutschen (“slide”), partly (especially in Pennsylvania Dutch English) from Pennsylvania German rutsche (“slide; move around frequently”), and partly (especially in Amish use) from Plautdietsch rutschen

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rute

Borrowed from German Rute (“rod, switch (slender woody plant stem)”).

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ruth

From Middle English ruthe, reuthe, reuþe, reowthe, rewthe (“compassion, pity, sympathy; mercy; grief, sorrow; cause or event of pity or sorrow; lamentation; calamity, trouble; distress; regret, remorse; cruelty, ill trea

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rutin

Etymology tree Translingual Ruta Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos Proto-Italic *-īnos Latin -īnusder. Old French -inbor. Middle English -in English -ineclip. English -in English rutin From Translingu

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rutty

Etymology tree English rut Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English rutty From rut + -y.

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ruvid

From Latin ruidus (“rough”).

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rux

Probably a contraction of ruckus.

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rya

From Swedish rya (“thick cloth”).

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ryder

From Dutch rijder, properly, a rider.

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rye

Inherited from Middle English rye, rie, from Old English ryġe, from Proto-West Germanic *rugi, from Proto-Germanic *rugiz. Germanic cognates include Dutch and West Frisian rogge, Low German Rogg, German Roggen, Rocken, O

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

rynd

From Middle English rynd, rynde, ryne, from Middle Dutch rijn, rine (“rynd”) or Middle Low German rîn, rîne (“rynd”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rynt

Likely from a corruption of "rowan tree", a phrase which would have been chanted in order to drive off witches, since the tree was believed to be a ward against evil.

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ryo

From Japanese 呂 (ryo).

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ryot

17th century. From Hindi रैयत (raiyat, “peasant”), from Urdu رعیت (ra'iyat, “peasant”), from Classical Persian رَعِیَّت (ra'iyyat, “population, peasants”), from Arabic رَعِيَّة (raʕiyya, “flock, herd”).

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rype

Borrowed from Danish rype.

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ryu

From Japanese 流(りゅう) (ryū), mainly an affix, used here in the sense of 流派(りゅうは) (ryūha).

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ryuha

From Japanese 流派(りゅうは) (ryūha).

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ryō

From Japanese 両 (ryō).

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rösti

Borrowed from Alemannic German, from the same root as English roast.

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s

Abbreviations.

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s-

Abbreviation of scalar (“particle with spin 0”).

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s.v.

Abbreviation of Latin sub verbo or sub voce, plural sub verbis resp. sub vocibus.

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s/

This comes from the command s (substitute), originally in ed and also found in Perl, to replace one string with another. Although the command does not require slashes (other punctuation can be used as delimiters) in this

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sXe

An abbreviation of straight edge with the shape of the X representing straight lines that form edges.

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saag

Borrowed from Hindi साग (sāg).

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saala

Borrowed from Hindi साला (sālā).

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saas

Borrowed from Hindi सास (sās).

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sab

Short for sabotage.

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saba

Alternative form of sapa.

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sabal

From the genus name Sabal, of uncertain origin. it might be from Arabic “sabal” سبل سنبلة سنابل meaning “wheat plant”

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sabat

Borrowed from Arabic سَابَاط (sābāṭ).

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sabe

From Spanish sabe, inclined form of saber.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sabha

From Hindi सभा (sabhā).

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sabin

From Wallace Clement Sabine (1868-1919), US physicist.

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sabir

From Sabir.

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sable

Attested since 1275, from Middle English sable, from Old French sable and martre sable (“sable marten”), in reference to the animal or its fur; from Medieval Latin sabelum, from Middle Low German sabel (compare Middle Du

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sably

From sable + -ly.

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sabo

Clipping of sabotage.

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sabot

Early 17th century, borrowed from Middle French sabot (see French sabot below). Doublet of sabaton and ciabatta.

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sabre

Borrowed from French sabre, from German Säbel, from Polish szabla, from Hungarian szablya. Cognate with Danish sabel, Russian са́бля (sáblja), Serbo-Croatian сабља, Sicilian sciàbbula.

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

sabzi

From Hindi सब्ज़ी (sabzī), from Classical Persian سبزی (sabzī).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sac

Etymology tree Ancient Greek σᾰ́κκος (sắkkos)bor. Latin saccus Old French sac French sacbor. English sac Borrowed from French sac. Doublet of saccus, sack, saco, and sakkos.

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sacbe

From the Yucatec Maya language; literally "white way".

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sack

From Middle English sak, sek, sach, zech (“bag, sackcloth”), from Old English sacc (“sack, bag”) and sæċċ (“sackcloth, sacking”); both from Proto-West Germanic *sakku, from late Proto-Germanic *sakkuz (“sack”), borrowed

3 source sections · 47 relationship mentions

saco

From Spanish saco (“a sack, a half-carga”), from Old Spanish saco, from Latin saccus, from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “sack, sackcloth”), from Semitic. Doublet of sac, saccus, sack, and sakkos.

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sacre

From Middle English sacren, sakeren (“to make holy, hallow”), from Old French sacrer (“to hallow, consecrate, anoint, dedicate”), from Latin sacrō (“to make sacred, consecrate”), from sacer (“sacred, holy”), from Proto-I

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

sad

From Middle English sad, from Old English sæd (“satisfied, full, sated, unable to handle more, weary”), from Proto-West Germanic *sad, from Proto-Germanic *sadaz (“sated, satisfied”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (“to

1 source section · 10 relationship mentions

sada

Borrowed from Urdu سادہ (sāda).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

saddo

Etymology tree English sad Latin ō Old French ohbor. Middle English o English O ▲ Middle English o English oh English -o English saddo From sad + -o.

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sade

From Middle English saden (“to weary, become weary or satisfied”), from Old English sadian (“to satisfy, satiate, fill, be sated, become wearied”), from Proto-West Germanic *sadōn (“to satiate, become satisfied”), from P

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

saden

From Arabic سَادِن (sādin).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

sadet

From French sadète, apparently from Lao.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sadge

A blend of sad + Pepege, where Pepege is a derivative of Pepega, both earlier emoticons that ultimately derive from Pepe the Frog. First attested on the Twitch website during the late 2010s.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sadhu

From Sanskrit साधु (sādhú, “good; good man, holy man”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sadic

From the Marquis de Sade + -ic, probably after French sadique.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sadly

From Middle English sadly; equivalent to sad + -ly.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

sado

From Japanese 茶道 (sadō).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sado-

From the name of the Marquis de Sade, initially used to form words like sadism and later extrapolated into a prefix.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sads

From sad + -s (suffix forming pluralia tantum).

3 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sadza

Borrowed from Shona sadza.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

safe

From Middle English sauf, safe, saf, saaf, from Old French sauf, saulf, salf (“safe”), from Latin salvus (“whole, safe”), from Proto-Italic *salawos, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole, every”). Displaced Old Engli

2 source sections · 14 relationship mentions

safek

Borrowed from Hebrew סָפֵק (safék).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

safen

From safe + -en.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sag

From earlier sag, sagg, sack, from Middle English saggen, probably from Middle Low German sacken (“to sink, drift”), ultimately of North Germanic/Scandinavian/Old Norse origin, akin to Old Norse søkkva (“to sink”), a den

1 source section · 13 relationship mentions

saga

From Old Norse saga (“epic tale, story”), from Proto-Germanic *sagǭ (“saying, story”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”). Cognate with Old English sagu (“story, tale, statement”), Old High German saga (“an asser

2 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

sage

From Middle English sage, from Old French sage (11th century), from Vulgar Latin *sapium, from Latin sapere (“to taste, to discern, to be wise”). The noun meaning "man of profound wisdom" is recorded from circa 1300. Ori

4 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

sagey

From sage + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

saggy

Etymology tree English sag Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English saggy From sag + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sago

From Malay sagu, via Portuguese sagu or Dutch sago.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

sagu

From Malay

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sagum

From Latin sagum, perhaps of Gaulish origin.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sagy

From sage + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sahib

From Hindustani صاحب / साहिब (sāhib, “lord”), from Classical Persian صاحب (sāhib), from Arabic صَاحِب (ṣāḥib, “companion”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sahih

From Arabic صَحِيح (ṣaḥīḥ).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

sahui

From a Tupian language in the area of Bahia, Brazil. A variant form or cognate of sagoin.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sahwa

From Korean 사화 (sahwa).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sai

From Japanese 釵 (sai).

3 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

saic

From French saïque, from Italian saicca, from Ottoman Turkish شایقه (şayka), from Bulgarian ша́йка (šájka) (a variant of Bulgarian ча́йка (čájka)), from Proto-Slavic *čajьka. Doublet of Czajka.

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

said

From Middle English seide (preterite) and seid, iseid (past participle), from Old English sǣde, sæġde (preterite) and ġesæġd (past participle), equivalent to say + -ed.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

saif

From Arabic سَيْف (sayf, “sword”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

saiga

Russian сайга́ (sajgá, “saiga”), from Kazakh сайғақ (sayğaq, “saiga”), from Proto-Turkic *saygak (“saiga”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

sail

From Middle English saile, sayle, seil, seyl, from Old English seġl, from Proto-West Germanic *segl, from Proto-Germanic *seglą. Cognate with West Frisian seil, Low German Segel, Dutch zeil, German Segel, Danish sejl, Sw

2 source sections · 20 relationship mentions

saily

From sail + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sain

From Middle English sainen, seinen, senen, sinen, signen, from Old English sēnian, seġnian, from Proto-Germanic *segnōną (“to mark with a cross, bless”), from Latin signō, from signum. Cognate with Dutch zegenen (“to ble

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

saint

From Middle English saint, seint, sainct, seinct, sanct, senct, partly from Old English sanct (“saint”) and confluence with Old French saint, seinte (Modern French saint); both from Latin sānctus (“holy, consecrated”, in

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

sais

From Hindi (Hindustani), from Arabic سَائِس (sāʔis, “stableman, groom”), from سَاس (sās, “to tend a horse”).

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

saith

From Old English sæġþ, from seċġan.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

saj

From Hindi.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sajou

From French sajou, from a Tupian word sai wassu, sai-guaçū (literally “big monkey”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sakau

From Pohnpeian sakau.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sake

From Middle English sake (“sake, cause”), from Old English sacu (“cause, lawsuit, legal action, complaint, issue, dispute”), from Proto-West Germanic *saku, from Proto-Germanic *sakō (“affair, thing, charge, accusation,

1 source section · 14 relationship mentions

saker

From Middle English sacre, from Middle French sacre, from Old Spanish sacro, from Arabic صَقْر (ṣaqr).

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

saki

Compare French saki and Portuguese saki, ultimately probably from a Tupian name sagui, compare sagoin.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sakia

From Arabic سَاقِيَة (sāqiya). Doublet of acequia.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

saké

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “rice wine”), where the final e is accented to indicate that it is pronounced where it would usually remain silent in other senses of sake, as well as to differentiate it. Likely influence

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sal

From Middle English sal, from Latin sal. Doublet of salt.

3 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

sal-

From salicylic acid.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sala

From Spanish sala, from Germanic. Compare Swedish sal. Doublet of salle and sale.

3 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

salad

PIE word *sḗh₂l Etymology tree Italian salatader. Old French saladebor. Middle English salade English salad From Middle English salade, from Old French salade, borrowed from Northern Italian salada, salata (compare insal

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

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These source reports extend Wiktionary’s work through Kaikki / Wiktextract, with attribution and visible extraction limits. A relationship mentioned in a source is not automatically the immediate parent of a word. Newly written research analyses cite their own references. The reviewed graph has a separate evidence contract and counter.

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