The English source dictionary · partial corpus coverage

English word origins · page 161

35,981 permanent word records. Read the source etymologies, inspect mentioned relationships and see where the evidence stops. These are not 35,981 independently reviewed deep dives.

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Page 161 of 180

snit

American English, of unknown origin, perhaps onomatopoeic.

3 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

snite

From Middle English snyte, from Old English snite.

2 source sections · 9 relationship mentions

snitz

German schnitzen

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

snizz

Unknown, perhaps from snatch. Popularized by and often attributed to the US animated series South Park (the 2007 episode "The Snuke").

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

Late 18th century dialectal English snob (“cobbler”), of unknown origin. Early senses of the word carried the meaning of "lower status"; it was then used to describe those seeking to imitate those of higher wealth or sta

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

snod

See snood.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snoek

Borrowed from Afrikaans snoek, from Dutch snoek, from Middle Dutch snoec, from Old Dutch *snuoc. Some senses come from or are influenced by Dutch zeesnoek (“barracuda”, literally “sea pike”), a word that Van Riebeeck app

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

snoff

Compare snuff.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snog

Uncertain. 1945. Possibly related to snug.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snoke

From Middle English snoken, possibly from Old Norse *snoka, from Proto-Germanic *snukōną (“to snuff, snuffle, sniff out”), from the root *snuk-, of uncertain origin. Compare sneak and snoop for the sound symbolism.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

snood

From Middle English snod, from Old English snōd (“headdress, fillet, snood”), from Proto-West Germanic *snōdu, from Proto-Germanic *snōdō (“rope, string”), from Proto-Indo-European *snoh₁téh₂ (“yarn, thread”), from *sneh

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

snoof

Perhaps an alteration of sniff or snuff; or perhaps a blend of snort + sniff.

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

snook

From Dutch snoek (“pike, Esox”). Doublet of snoek; perhaps more distantly related to snake.

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention

snool

Contraction of snivel. Compare drool, from drivel.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snoop

From Dutch snoepen (“to pry, eat in secret, sneak”) or maybe Old Norse snópa (“to idle about dismally”), or (“to use a blood found”). Related to Dutch and Low German snappen (“to bite, seize”), Dutch snavel (“beak, bill,

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

snoot

From Scots snoot, snout (“snout”), from Middle English snowte, from Middle Dutch snute; ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *snūt, from Proto-Germanic *snūtaz. Doublet of snout.

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

snooz

A simplified spelling of snooze chiefly used in General Electric alarm clocks manufactured from the 1950s to the 1980s.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snore

From Middle English snoren, fnoren (“to snore loudly; snort”), from Middle English snore, *fnore (“snore; snort”, noun), from Old English fnora (“snort; sneezing”), from Proto-Germanic *fnuzô, from Proto-Indo-European *p

1 source section · 10 relationship mentions

snork

From Dutch snorken or Middle Low German snorken, ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *fnoʀukōn (“to snore, snort”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

snort

From Middle English snorten, from earlier fnorten, from Old English *fnorettan, related to Middle English snoren, fnoren, from Old English fnora. See snore and sneeze for more on the change from fn- to sn-.

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

snory

From snore + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snot

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *snuttuzder. Old English ġesnot Middle English snot English snot From Middle English snot, snotte, from Old English ġesnot, *snott, from Proto-West Germanic *snott, *snutt, from Proto-German

1 source section · 12 relationship mentions

snout

From Middle English snowte, snout, snute, from Old English *snūt, *snūte or Middle Low German snûte, from Proto-West Germanic *snūt, from Proto-Germanic *snūtaz. Compare Saterland Frisian Snuute (“snout”), West Frisian s

1 source section · 9 relationship mentions

snow

The noun is derived from Middle English snaw, snou, snow (“snow; accumulation of snow; snowfall; snowstorm; whiteness”), from Old English snāw (“snow”), from Proto-West Germanic *snaiw (“snow”), from Proto-Germanic *snai

2 source sections · 56 relationship mentions

snows

From snow + -s (suffix forming pluralia tantum and regular plurals of nouns; and the third-person singular indicative present tense of verbs).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

snowy

From Middle English snowy, snawy; from Old English snāwiġ. By surface analysis, snow + -y.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

snub

From Middle English snubben, snibben (noun), either from an undocumented Old English [Term?] or from Old Norse snubba (“to curse, chide, snub, scold, reprove, rebuff, infringe”), from Proto-Germanic *snūbaną, *snūpaną. R

2 source sections · 17 relationship mentions

snuba

Blend of snorkel + scuba

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

snuck

The irregular form snuck originated by analogy with struck for the past of strike, stuck for the past of stick, etc. Snuck was originally limited to a few dialects, but is now very widespread (especially in American Engl

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

snuff

Late Middle English, from Middle Dutch snuffen (“to snuff, sniff, snuffle”). Related to Dutch snuiven (“to sniff”), Middle Low German snûve (“pose, head-cold”), German Schnupfen (“head-cold”). The noun is probably from D

3 source sections · 12 relationship mentions

snug

From dialectal English snug (“tight, handsome”), perhaps from Old Norse snøggr, from Proto-Germanic *snawwuz (“short, quick, fast”). Compare Icelandic snöggur (“smooth”), Danish snög (“neat”), Swedish snygg (“handsome, n

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

snurf

Blend of snow + surf.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

snus

Borrowed from Swedish snus.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

snuss

See snus.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sny

Of obscure origin. Likely from late Middle English sniȝen, snyȝen (“to creep”), from Old Danish *snigæ (whence modern Danish snige), from Old Norse sníkja (“to crawl, creep”). If so, doublet of sneak.

4 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

so

From Middle English so, swo, zuo, swa, swe, from Old English swā, swǣ, swē (“so, as, the same, such, that”), from Proto-West Germanic *swā, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē (“so”), from Proto-Indo-European *swē, *swō (refl

3 source sections · 22 relationship mentions

so's

Contraction of so as.

3 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

so-so

From Middle English so so, from Old English swā swā, equivalent to so + so. Compare Dutch zozo (“so-so”), German soso (“so-so”), Norwegian så som så (“so-so”).

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

soak

From Middle English soken, from Old English socian (“to soak, steep”, literally “to cause to suck (up)”), from Proto-Germanic *sukōną (“to soak”), causative of Proto-Germanic *sūkaną (“to suck”). Cognate with Middle Dutc

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

soaky

From soak + -y.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

soal

From Middle English sol, sule, from Old English sol (“mud, wet sand, wallowing-place, slough, a mire or miry place”), from Proto-Germanic *sulą (“mire, mud”), from Proto-Indo-European *sūl- (“thick liquid, muck”). Compar

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

soam

Uncertain. Perhaps from a variant of seam.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soap

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *seyb-? Proto-Germanic *saipǭ Proto-West Germanic *saipā Old English sāpe Middle English sope English soap From Middle English sope, sape, from Old English sāpe (“soap, salve”), from Pr

3 source sections · 42 relationship mentions

soapy

From soap + -y. Compare German Low German sepig (“soapy”), German seifig (“soapy”), Swedish såpig (“soapy”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

soar

From Middle English soren, from Old French essorer (“to fly up, soar”), from Vulgar Latin *exaurare (“to rise into the air”), from Latin ex (“out”) + aura (“the air, a breeze”), from Ancient Greek αὔρα (aúra, “breath”).

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

sob

From Middle English sobben, perhaps from Middle Low German sabben (“to drool, slobber, salivate”). Cognate with West Frisian sabje, sobje (“to suck”), Dutch zabben, sabbelen (“to suck”), zabberen (“to drool”), German Low

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

soba

Borrowed from Japanese 蕎麦 (soba).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sobby

From sob (“cry”) + -y.

2 source sections · 4 relationship mentions · brief record

sobel

From the phrase "soldier by day, rebel by night", referring to soldiers who would secretly cooperate with rebels to enrich themselves.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sober

Inherited from Middle English sober, from Old French sobre, from Latin sōbrius, from se- (“without”) + ebrius (“intoxicated”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁egʷʰ- (“drink”). In the sense "not drunk," displaced native undru

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

soc

Abbreviation of sociology and social.

3 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

soca

Blend of soul + calypso.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

socca

Borrowed from French socca.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

socie

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *sokʷéh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-ṓy Proto-Indo-European *sokʷh₂ṓy Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-Europe

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

socio

Shortening of sociology.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sock

From Middle English socke, sokke, sok, from Old English socc (“sock, light shoe, slipper”), a West Germanic borrowing from Latin soccus (“a light shoe or slipper, buskin”), from Ancient Greek σύκχος (súkkhos, “a kind of

3 source sections · 14 relationship mentions

socle

From French socle, from Italian zoccolo (“wooden shoe”), from Latin socculus, diminutive of soccus (“sock”). Doublet of zoccolo.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

socon

Clipping of social conservative.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sod

From Middle English sod, sodde first attested in the mid-15th century, from Middle Dutch zoden (“turf”) or Middle Low German sôde, soede (“turf”), both related to Dutch zode (“turf”), German Sode (“turf”), Old Frisian sā

3 source sections · 6 relationship mentions

soda

Etymology tree Arabic أَسْوَد (ʔaswad) Ancient Greek μελαγχολία (melankholía)calq.? Arabic سَوْدَاء (sawdāʔ) Arabic أَسْوَد (ʔaswad) Arabic سُوَيْدَاء (suwaydāʔ)bor. Italian sodabor. English soda From Italian soda. Sense

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

sodar

Short for sonic detection and ranging; compare radar, sonar.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sodic

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

soe

From Middle English sō (“large tub, vat”), from Old English sā (“a tub, pail, vessel”) and/or Old Norse sár (“large cask”) (acc. s.sá), both from Proto-Germanic *saihaz (“bucket, vat”), from Proto-Indo-European *seyk- (“

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

sofa

Borrowed from French sofa, ultimately from Arabic صُفَّة (ṣuffa, “a long seat made of stone or brick, covered with rich carpets and cushions and used for sitting”). Cognate with Aramaic צפא/Classical Syriac ܨܦܬܐ (ṣipā’,

3 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

sofar

Shortened from sound fixing and ranging. Compare sonar.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sofer

Borrowed from Hebrew סופר (sofér).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sofic

Coined by mathematician Benjamin Weiss in 1973, based on Hebrew סופי (“finite”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sofky

Possibly from a Muskogean language.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soft

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sem- Proto-Germanic *samþuz /*samftuz Proto-Indo-European *-yos Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Germanic *-jaz Proto-West Germanic *-ī Proto-West Germanic *samft(ī) Old English sōfte M

2 source sections · 12 relationship mentions

softa

From Ottoman Turkish صوفته (“theology student”) (modern Turkish softa), from Classical Persian سوخته (sōxta).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

softy

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sog

Of uncertain origin. Possibly of North Germanic origin; compare Icelandic söggur (“moist”), dialectal Norwegian søgg (“moist”), dialectal Swedish sögg, sygg (“something moist”), from Old Norse *sǫggr (“moist, wet”), sugg

1 source section · 23 relationship mentions

soggy

Etymology tree English sog Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English soggy From sog + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sohai

From Cantonese 傻閪 /傻𲈹 (so⁴ hai¹, “stupid cunt”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sohan

Borrowed from Persian سوهان.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soho

From so + ho!.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

soi

From Thai ซอย (sɔɔi).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soil

From Middle English soile, soyle, sule (“ground, earth”), partly from Anglo-Norman soyl (“bottom, ground, pavement”), from Latin solium (“seat, chair; throne”), mistaken for Latin solum (“ground, foundation, earth, sole

4 source sections · 31 relationship mentions

soily

From soil + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soju

From Korean 소주(燒酒) (soju). Compare Mandarin 燒酒 /烧酒 (shāojiǔ), Japanese 焼酎 (shōchū, “shōchū”). Doublet of shaojiu and shochu.

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

soke

From Middle English soke, from Medieval Latin (Anglo-Latin) sōca "right of jurisdiction", from Old English sōcn (“jurisdiction, prosecution”, literally “act of seeking”), from Proto-West Germanic *sōkni, from Proto-Germa

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

soken

From Middle English sookne, socne (“district held by a socage”), from Old English sōcn (“jurisdiction, prosecution, soke”, literally “act of seeking”), from Proto-West Germanic *sōkni, from Proto-Germanic *sōkniz (“seeki

1 source section · 12 relationship mentions

sokha

Borrowed from Russian соха́ (soxá), from Proto-Slavic *soxa.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

soko

Perhaps from Swahili sokwe (“chimpanzee, non-human hominid”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sol

From Glover's solmization, from Middle English sol (“fifth degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian sol in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the first syllable of Latin solve (“wash away”)

5 source sections · 20 relationship mentions

sola

From Hindi सोला (solā, “the plant Aeschynomene aspera”), from Bengali শোলা (śōla).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

solah

From Urdu سلا (solā).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

solar

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ Latin sōl Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālis Latin -āris Latin sōlārisbor. Middle English sola

2 source sections · 9 relationship mentions

sold

From Middle English solde, sould, soud, from Middle French solde, Italian soldo. Compare soldier and Danish sold (via Low German). Doublet of sol, soldo, solid, solidus, sou, and xu.

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

soldo

From Italian soldo, from Latin solidum. Doublet of sol, sold, solid, solidus, sou, and xu.

1 source section · 9 relationship mentions

sole

From Middle English sole, soule, from Old French sol, soul (“alone”), from Latin sōlus (“alone, single, solitary, lonely”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swé (reflexive pronoun). Perhaps related to Old Latin sollu

6 source sections · 48 relationship mentions

soled

From sole + -ed.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

solen

From Ancient Greek σωλήν (sōlḗn).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soler

Etymology tree English sole Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-os? Proto-Indo-European *-o- Proto-Indo-European *-so- Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós P

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

solid

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *solh₂-i-dʰ-o-s Proto-Italic *soliðos Latin solidusder. Old French solidebor. Middle English solide English solid From Middle English solide, borrowed fr

2 source sections · 14 relationship mentions

solly

Pronunciation spelling of sorry. In many Eastern countries, people have difficulty with distinguishing the sounds of the letters l and r. See also Japanese speakers learning r and l

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

solo

Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin sōlus, probably related to se (“himself”).

2 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

solon

From Ancient Greek Σόλων (Sólōn), the name of an influential Athenian statesman.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

solum

From Latin solum (“base, bottom; soil”). Doublet of soil.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

solus

Borrowed from Latin sōlus.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

solve

From Middle English solven, from Latin solvō.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

solwy

From Middle English solwi (also solowe), from Old English *solwiġ (“miry”), from solwe, the oblique form of Old English solu (“mud, mire”). More at soil.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

som

From Kyrgyz сом (som) and Uzbek сўм (soʻm) (Cyrillic) / soʻm (Roman), both of which come from the Turkic root *som ("pure [gold]").

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

soma

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

somal

From soma + -al.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

some

From Middle English som, sum, from Old English sum (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-West Germanic *sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate Scots

1 source section · 17 relationship mentions

somen

Borrowed from Japanese 素麺 (sōmen, “white noodles”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

somma

Named after Mount Somma, a stratovolcano in southern Italy with a summit caldera in which the upper cone of Mount Vesuvius has grown.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

somn-

Derived from Latin somnus (“sleep”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

somno

Source etymology material for somno; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

somon

From Russian сомон (somon), from Buryat сомон (somon), from Mongolian ᠰᠤᠮᠤ (sumu). Ultimately from Proto-Mongolic *sumun (“arrow”).

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

somsa

Borrowed from Uzbek somsa.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

son

From Middle English sonn, sone, sun, sune, from Old English sunu (“son”), from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús (“son”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewH- (“to

3 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

sonar

By anacronymic evolution from SONAR.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sonde

Borrowed from French sonde.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sone

From Latin sonus (“sound”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

song

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ- Proto-Indo-European *séngʷʰ-e-ti Proto-Germanic *singwaną Proto-Germanic *sangwaz Proto-West Germanic *sangu Old English sang Middle English song English song From Middle Engli

1 source section · 17 relationship mentions

songy

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

songz

From song + -z.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

sonic

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os Latin sonus Proto-Indo-European *-ikos Proto-Italic *-ikos Latin -icuslbor. Old French -iquebor. Middle English -ik English -ic English sonic From

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sonly

From Middle English sonely, equivalent to son + -ly. Compare Dutch zoonlijk, German söhnlich, Swedish sonlig.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

sonny

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sew-? Proto-Indo-European *sewH- Proto-Indo-European *suHnús Proto-Germanic *sunuz Proto-West Germanic *sunu Old English sunu Middle English sone English son Proto-Germanic *-j-, *-ij-

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sono-

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- Proto-Indo-European *swónh₂os Latin sonus English sono- From Latin sonus (“sound”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

sonsy

From Scots, from Scottish Gaelic sonasach.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sooey

Uncertain; perhaps related to sow; perhaps related to Sus, Suidae, and suid.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sook

English from the 14th century, Scottish from the 19th century. From Old English sūcan (“to suck”). See suck.

5 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

sooky

From sook + -y (“characteristic of”) and -y (“diminutive”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soon

From Middle English sone, from Old English sōna (“immediately, at once”), from Proto-West Germanic *sān(ō), from Proto-Germanic *sēna, *sēnô (“immediately, soon, then”), from *sa (demonstrative pronoun), from Proto-Indo-

1 source section · 13 relationship mentions

soong

Borrowed from Cantonese 鬆 /松 (sung¹).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soor

From Hindi सूअर (sūar, “pig”). Doublet of sow and swine.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

soord

Corruption of sward.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soot

Inherited from Middle English soot, soote, sote, sot, from Old English sōt, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą (“soot”), from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”). Cognate with dated Dutch zoet (“soot”), German Low German Soot (“

1 source section · 14 relationship mentions

sooth

From Middle English sooth, from Old English sōþ (“truth; true, actual, real”), from Proto-West Germanic *sanþ, from Proto-Germanic *sanþaz (“truth; true”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sónts, *h₁s-ont- (“being, existence,

1 source section · 12 relationship mentions

sooty

From Middle English sooty, soty, equivalent to soot + -y. Probably influenced by similar Middle English suti (“dirty, filthy”), derived from the same root as Old English besūtian (“to befoul”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

sop

From Middle English sop, soppe, sope, from Old English sopa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Dutch sop, Old High German sopfa), deverbative of *sūpaną (“to sup”). Doublet of soup; more at sup.

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

sope

Borrowed from Spanish sope.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soper

From soporific. Sopor has been used as a brand name for methaqualone.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sophi

From the Latin sophī, the nominative plural form of sophus, from the Ancient Greek σοφός (sophós).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sophy

From the Middle English sophie, from the Latin sophia, from the Ancient Greek σοφῐ́ᾱ (sophĭ́ā, “high knowledge”: “learning”, “wisdom”); compare Sophia.

5 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

sopor

Learned borrowing from Latin sopor (“sleep”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

soppy

From sop + -y. In sense 2, unrelated etymologically to sappy (“excessively emotional”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sor

Clipping of sorority, like frat from fraternity.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sora

Early 19th-century sources observe that this term was in use in Virginia; presumably it is from an Indigenous American language of that area.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

sorb

Borrowed from Middle French sorbier (the tree), sorbe (the fruit), from Latin sorbus (the tree), sorbum (the fruit). See service tree.

2 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

sord

From Middle English sowrde, from Old French sourdre (“to rise”), that is, "to rise in flight, as a flock of birds", from Latin surgō. Related to surge.

2 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

sore

From Middle English sor, from Old English sār (“ache, wound”, noun) and sār (“painful, grievous”, adjective), from Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz (adjective) from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂iro-, en

2 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

sorel

From Old French sorel.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sorgo

From Italian sorgo. Doublet of sorgho and sorghum.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

sori

. Latin [Term?]?

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sorn

Perhaps from sojourn.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soror

PIE word *swésōr Shortening; also from Latin soror (“sister”), akin to frater from Latin frāter (“brother”). Doublet of sister.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sorr

Pronunciation spelling of sir.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sorry

From Middle English sory, from Old English sāriġ (“feeling or expressing grief, sorry, grieved, sorrowful, sad, mournful, bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *sairag, from Proto-Germanic *sairagaz (“sad”), from Proto-Indo

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

sort

From Middle English sort, soort, sorte (cognate Dutch soort, German Sorte, Danish sort, Swedish sort), borrowed from Old French sorte (“class, kind”), from Latin sortem, accusative form of sors (“lot, fate, share, rank,

2 source sections · 12 relationship mentions

sorta

A written form of a reduction of sort of.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sorus

From New Latin sōrus, from Ancient Greek σωρός (sōrós, “heap”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sory

Borrowed from Latin sory, from Ancient Greek σῶρυ (sôru, “a kind of ore”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sosh

Short for association store.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soss

From Middle English sosse, sos, soos (“hounds' meat; a mess of food”), of uncertain origin. See sesspool.

3 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

sot

From Middle English sot, from Old English sot, sott (“foolish, stupid”), from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of obscure origin and relation. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to French zut! (“damn it!”). C

5 source sections · 9 relationship mentions

sotah

Borrowed from Hebrew סוֹטָה (“adulteress”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

soto

From Indonesian soto, ultimately from Hokkien 牛草肚 (gû-chháu-tō͘).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sotol

From Mexican Spanish sotol, from Classical Nahuatl zōtolin (“palm tree”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sotto

Ellipsis of sotto voce.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sou

Borrowed from French sou. Doublet of sol, sold, soldo, solid, solidus, and xu.

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

sough

From Middle English *sough, swough, swogh, from Middle English swoȝen, swowen, from Old English swōgan (“to make a sound; move with noise; rush; roar”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōgan, from Proto-Germanic *swōganą from

3 source sections · 21 relationship mentions

souk

Borrowed from French souk, from Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”). More at souq.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

soul

Etymology tree Proto-Germanic *saiwalō Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu Old English sāwol Middle English soule English soul From Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol (“soul, life, spirit, being”)

3 source sections · 44 relationship mentions

sound

From Middle English sound, sund, isund, ȝesund, from Old English sund (“sound, safe, whole, uninjured, healthy, prosperous”), from Proto-West Germanic *sund, from Proto-Germanic *sundaz (“healthy”), merged with synonymou

6 source sections · 68 relationship mentions

soup

The noun is from Middle English soupe, sowpe, from Old French soupe, souppe, sope, from Late Latin suppa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Middle Dutch sope (“broth”)). Doublet of sop and zuppa. See al

6 source sections · 21 relationship mentions

soupy

From Middle English soupi, suppy, equivalent to soup + -y.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

souq

From Arabic سُوق (sūq, “market”), from Aramaic שוקא or ܫܘܩܐ (šūqā’, “street, market”), from Akkadian 𒋻 (sūqu, “street”), from 𒊓𒆸 (s(i)āqu, “narrow”). Doublet of shuk.

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

sour

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *súHros Proto-Germanic *sūraz Proto-West Germanic *sūr Old English sūr Middle English sour English sour From Middle English sour, from Old English sūr (“sour”), from Proto-West Germanic

1 source section · 18 relationship mentions

sourd

Inherited from Middle English sourden, from Old French sourdre, from Latin surgō, contraction of earlier subrigō. Compare source. Doublet of surge.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

soury

From sour + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sous-

Borrowed from French sous-.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

souse

From Middle English souse (“to salt pickle”) also a noun (“liquid for pickling,” “pickled pig parts”), from Old French sous (“preserved in salt”), from Frankish *sultija (“saltwater, brine”), from Proto-Germanic *sultijō

4 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

south

Etymology tree Proto-West Germanic *sunþ Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ ~ *sh₂wén- Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ún-teros Proto-Germanic *sunþraz ▲ Proto-Germanic *sunþraz Proto-Germanic *sunþrą Proto

1 source section · 38 relationship mentions

sov

Shortened from sovereign.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sovok

Unadapted borrowing from Russian сово́к (sovók, “scoop, dustpan”), which starts similarly to сове́т (sovét, “Soviet”) or сове́тский (sovétskij, “Soviet”, adjective).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

sow

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *sew-? Proto-Indo-European *sewH-? Proto-Indo-European *suH-der. Proto-Germanic *sugō Proto-West Germanic *sugu Old English sugu Middle English sowe English sow From Middle English sowe

2 source sections · 28 relationship mentions

sowar

From Hindi/Urdu सवार (savār)/سوار (savār), from Classical Persian سوار (sawār, “horseman”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

sower

From Middle English sowere, from Old English sāwere; equivalent to sow + -er.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

sowl

From Middle English sowel, souel, suvel (“food eaten with bread; food in general”), from Old English sufel, sufol (“anything (especially relish) eaten with bread; sowl”), from Proto-West Germanic *sufl, from Proto-German

4 source sections · 29 relationship mentions

sowm

sown

Morphologically sow + -n.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soy

Etymology tree Chinese 醬油 /酱油obor. Japanese 醤油 Japanese そやbor. Dutch sojabor. English soy 1670s; borrowed from Dutch soja, from the Satsuma pronunciation of Japanese 醤油 (soi), variant of the standard Japanese 醤油 (shōyu).

2 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

soya

Borrowed from Dutch soja; from the Satsuma dialectal Japanese そや (soya), which is the topicalized form of 醤油 (そい, soi) (cognate to standard Japanese 醤油 (しょうゆ, shōyu)), from Late Middle Japanese 醤油 (しやうゆ, shiyauyu), ortho

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

soyle

Compare soil (“to feed”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

soz

Rhotacism of sorry; sorry + -z. Documented since at least 1987. Compare appaz (“apparently”), tomoz (“tomorrow”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

spa

The term is derived from the name of the Belgian town of Spa, where since medieval times illnesses caused by iron deficiency were treated by drinking chalybeate (iron-bearing) spring water. In 16ᵗʰ century England the ol

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention

spaad

Compare German Spat (“spar”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

space

Etymology tree Latin spatiumlbor. Old French espace Anglo-Norman spacebor. Middle English space English space From Middle English space, from Anglo-Norman space, variant of espace, espas, et al.; and spaze, variant of es

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

spack

Possibly a contraction of spastic (as a term of abuse).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

spacy

Etymology tree Latin spatiumlbor. Old French espace Anglo-Norman spacebor. Middle English space English space Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y Engli

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

spad

Shortening of special adviser.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

spade

From Middle English spade, from Old English spada, spade, spadu (“spade”), from Proto-Germanic *spadô. Doublet of spatha, spathe, and épée.

3 source sections · 15 relationship mentions

spado

From Latin spadō, from Ancient Greek.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

spae

Borrowed from Scots spae.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

spaff

Probably onomatopoeic.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

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Read the layers separately

These source reports extend Wiktionary’s work through Kaikki / Wiktextract, with attribution and visible extraction limits. A relationship mentioned in a source is not automatically the immediate parent of a word. Newly written research analyses cite their own references. The reviewed graph has a separate evidence contract and counter.

The full multilingual corpus remains local; this directory covers only the bounded English slice. See exactly what has been acquired and published →