The English source dictionary · partial corpus coverage

English word origins · page 152

35,981 permanent word records. Read the source etymologies, inspect mentioned relationships and see where the evidence stops. These are not 35,981 independently reviewed deep dives.

45,491 source sections15,024 substantive evidence reports eligible for discovery20,957 brief records awaiting more evidence

Browse the dictionary

Page 152 of 180

rams

Source etymology material for rams; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ramus

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds Proto-Indo-European *wr(e)h₂dmos Proto-Italic *wrādmos? Latin rāmusbor. English ramus Borrowed from Latin rāmus (“branch”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rance

From Old French ranche, from Latin ramex, ramus.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

ranch

Recorded since 1808, farm sense since 1831. From American Spanish rancho (“small farm, group of farm huts”), in Spanish originally “group of people who eat together." Cognate with English rank.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

From Middle English rand, from Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *rand, from Proto-Germanic *randaz, *randō (“edge, rim, crust”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“

4 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

rando

From random + -o (“(colloquial); person with characteristic”); compare sicko, weirdo. From early 2000s.

3 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

randy

First use appears c. 1665 in a letter by the Earl of Argyll. From Scottish randy (“boisterous, aggressive”), of uncertain origin. Probably from rand (“to storm, rave”, verb), a variant of rant, see rant; or from rand (“e

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

rang

Borrowed from French rang.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

ranga

Extracted from (o)rang(utan), with -er suffix; in use since 1990s; to a certain extent popularised by the ABC television show Summer Heights High (2007).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

range

From Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order”), from the noun renc, reng, ranc, rang (“a rank, row”), from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”). Doubl

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

rangy

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(H)rek-der. Proto-Celtic *reketi Gaulish *rekosbor.? Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-der. Proto-Germanic *rinkanąder. Proto-Germanic *rankaz Frankish *rankbor.? Vulgar Latin *rencus Old Fre

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rani

From Hindustani رانی (rānī) / रानी (rānī), from Sanskrit राज्ञी (rā́jñī, “queen, princess”). Doublet of Regina.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

ranid

From taxonomic name Rana + -id, after taxonomic name Ranidae.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rank

From Middle English rank (“strong, proud”), from Old English ranc (“proud, haughty, arrogant, insolent, forward, overbearing, showy, ostentatious, splendid, bold, valiant, noble, brave, strong, full-grown, mature”), from

2 source sections · 21 relationship mentions

rann

Borrowed from Old Irish rann.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ranny

From Latin mūsarāneus (“shrew, fieldmouse”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

rant

From Dutch ranten, randen (“to talk nonsense, rave”), from Middle Dutch ranten (“to rant, babble, goof around”), of uncertain origin; but apparently related to Middle High German ranzen (“to dance, jump around, frolic”),

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

ranty

From rant + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rap

From Middle English rap, rappe, of North Germanic origin, related to Norwegian rapp (“a blow, strike, lash”), Swedish rapp (“a blow, lash, crack”), Danish rap (“a tap, smart, blow”). Compare Old English hreppan (“to touc

5 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

rape

From Middle English rapen, rappen (“to abduct; ravish; seduce; rape; seize; snatch; carry off; transport”), probably from Latin rapiō (verb), possibly through or influenced by Anglo-Norman rap, rape (noun) (compare also

5 source sections · 21 relationship mentions

rapee

From rape + -ee.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

raper

Etymology tree Middle English rappen English rape Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-os? Proto-Indo-European *-o- Proto-Indo-European *-so- Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂so- Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Indo-E

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rapey

From rape + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

raphe

Borrowed from New Latin raphē, from Ancient Greek ῥᾰφή (rhăphḗ, “seam; suture”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rapid

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁p- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *h₁r̥h₁pyéti Proto-Italic *rapjō Latin rapiō Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Italic *-iðos Latin -idus Latin rapidusder. M

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

rapo

Etymology tree Middle English rappen English rape Latin ō Old French ohbor. Middle English o English O ▲ Middle English o English oh English -o English rapo From rape + -o.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rapso

Blend of rap + calypso.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

rapt

Borrowed from Latin raptus, past participle of rapio (“to seize”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

raqi

Borrowed from Arabic رَاقِي (rāqī).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rare

From Middle English rare, from Old French rare, rere (“rare, uncommon”), from Latin rārus (“loose, spaced apart, thin, infrequent”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“friable, thin”). Displaced native English geason (“

4 source sections · 16 relationship mentions

rarf

Diminutive of ralphie, rafie.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rart

From rarted

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ras

From Amharic ራስ (ras). More at Etymology 2.

2 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

rasa

Transliteration of Sanskrit रस (rasa, literally “juice; essence”). Doublet of rasam.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rasam

Probably borrowed from Tamil ரசம் (racam), from Sanskrit रस (rasa, “juice”). Doublet of rasa.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

rase

From Late Middle English rasen, rasyn (“to rage; to enrage (?)”), probably from Middle Dutch râsen, râzen (“to be extremely angry, rage; to be mad, rave; to talk nonsense; of a dog: to be rabid”), from Old Dutch *rāson (

5 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

rash

The adjective is derived from Middle English rash, rasch (“hasty, headstrong, rash”) [and other forms], probably from Old English *ræsċ (“rash”) (found in derivatives such as ræsċan (“to move rapidly; to flicker; to flas

7 source sections · 52 relationship mentions

rashy

From rash + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rasic

From rasa + -ic.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rasm

Borrowed from Arabic رَسْم (rasm).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

rasp

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb /*(s)krebʰ- Proto-Germanic *hrepsaną /*hrepspaną Proto-Germanic *hrespaną Proto-Germanic *hraspōną Frankish *hraspōnbor. Vulgar Latin *raspāre Old

2 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

raspy

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rasse

From Malay?

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rasta

Short for Rastafarian or Rastafari.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rasul

Borrowed from Arabic رَسُول (rasūl, “messenger”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rat

From Middle English raat, rat, ratt, ratte, rotte, from Old English ræt, rætt, from Proto-West Germanic *ratt, from Proto-Germanic *rattaz, *rattō (“rat”), of uncertain origin, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *Hreh₃d-

3 source sections · 31 relationship mentions

rata

] From Māori rātā or cognate Tahitian rātā (“tree of genus Metrosideros”). Compare Tahitian puarātā (“Metrosideros collina”).

2 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

rate

From Middle English rate, from Old French rate, from Medieval Latin rata, from Latin prō ratā parte (“according to a fixed part”), from ratus (“fixed”), from rērī (“think, deem, judge, estimate", originally "reckon, calc

3 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

ratee

From rate + -ee.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ratel

Borrowed from Afrikaans ratel.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rater

From rate (“to appraise”) + -er.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rath

Borrowed from Old Irish ráth.

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

rathe

From Middle English rathe, from Old English hraþe, from Proto-West Germanic *hraþō, *hradō (“quickly”), from *hraþ, *hrad (“quick”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kret- (“quick; to move quickly”). Cognate with Ger

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

ratio

Borrowed from Latin ratiō. Doublet of ration and reason.

2 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

ratly

From rat + -ly.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

ratti

Borrowed from Hindi रत्ती (rattī).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ratty

From rat + -y (suffix meaning ‘having the quality of’ forming adjective).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ratu

Borrowed from Fijian Ratu.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

raté

Borrowed from French raté, past participle form of rater (“to miss; to fail”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rauli

From Mapudungun [Term?].

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

raupo

From Māori raupō.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rav

Borrowed from Yiddish רבֿ (rov).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rave

From Middle English raven (“to rave; talk like a madman”), from Old French raver, variant of resver, of uncertain origin. Compare rave below, and rove.

4 source sections · 15 relationship mentions

ravel

The verb is borrowed from Dutch ravelen, rafelen (“to tangle, become entangled; to fray; to unweave”) [and other forms]; further etymology uncertain. It has been suggested that the verb is originally derived from the nou

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

raven

From Middle English raven, reven (“raven (Corvus corax); carrion crow (Corvus corone); rook (Corvus frugilegus) (?); the constellation Corvus; gall nuts of the Aleppo oak (Quercus infectoria) used to make black ink”), fr

2 source sections · 6 relationship mentions

raver

From Middle English ravere, ravare, rafar, equivalent to rave + -er.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

ravey

From rave + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ravin

The noun is derived from Middle English ravin, ravine, raven (“rapine, robbery; rape; force, violence; greed, rapacity; stolen goods, booty, plunder; prey, quarry; pursuit of prey; predatoriness, voracity”), from Anglo-N

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

raw

From Middle English rawe, raw, rau, from Old English hrēaw (“raw, uncooked”), from Proto-West Germanic *hrau, from Proto-Germanic *hrawaz, *hrēwaz (“raw”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw meat, fresh blood”). Cog

1 source section · 16 relationship mentions

rawap

From Uyghur راۋاپ (rawap).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rawk

Related to roke (“mist; smoke”), Swedish rök (“smoke”). Compare raggy (“foggy”).

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rawky

From rawk (“fog, mist”) + -y.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

rawly

From raw + -ly.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rawr

Onomatopoeic, from roar.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rax

From Middle English raxen, rasken (“to stretch oneself”), from Old English raxan, racsan (“to stretch oneself after sleep”), probably alteration, with formative s, of Old English rǣċan, ræċċan, reċċan (“to stretch, exten

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

raxle

From Middle English raxlen, equivalent to rax (“to stretch oneself”) + -le (frequentative suffix).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

ray

Via Middle English, borrowed from Old French rai, from Latin radius (“staff, stake, spoke”). Doublet of radius.

5 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

raya

Source etymology material for raya; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rayah

From Turkish reaya, from Arabic رَعَايَا (raʕāyā), plural of رَعِيَّة (raʕiyya).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rayed

From ray + -ed. Piecewise doublet of radiused.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rayon

Name chosen by the National Retail Dry Goods Association of America, probably from French rayon (“a beam of light, ray”) and so called because it is shiny; however, the Oxford English Dictionary states that it is apparen

3 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

raze

The verb is derived from Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to r

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

razee

From French vaisseau rasé, from raser (“to rase, to cut down ships”). See raze and rase (verbs).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

razer

From raze + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

razoo

Unknown

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

razor

From Middle English rasour, from Old French rasour, from raser (“to scrape, to shave”). More at rat. By surface analysis, raze + -or. Displaced the native Old English sċierseax (literally “shaving knife”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

razz

Clipping of raspberry.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

raï

From French raï, from Algerian Arabic راي (rāy, “opinion”), from Arabic رَأْي (raʔy, “opinion”).

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

re

Borrowed from Latin rē, ablative of rēs (“thing, matter, topic”). Also, short for regarding, reply.

3 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

re-

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- From Middle English re-, from Old French re-, from Latin re-, red- (“back; anew; again; against”), see there for more. Dis

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

re-up

"Reenlist" sense is a possible blend of re-enlist + sign up.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

reaal

From Dutch reaal, from Spanish real. Doublet of royal.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

reach

From Middle English rechen, from Old English rǣċan (“to reach”), from Proto-West Germanic *raikijan, from Proto-Germanic *raikijaną, from the Proto-Indo-European *Hreyǵ- (“to bind, reach”). Cognate with Dutch reiken, Ger

2 source sections · 11 relationship mentions

react

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- Proto-Indo-European *-eti Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵeti Proto-Italic *agō Latin agō Proto-Indo-E

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

read

Etymology tree Old English rǣdan Middle English reden English read From Middle English reden, from Old English rǣdan (“to counsel, advise, consult; interpret, read”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādan, from Proto-Germanic

2 source sections · 17 relationship mentions

readd

From re- + add.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

ready

From Middle English redy, redi, rædiȝ, iredi, ȝerǣdi, alteration ( + -y) of earlier irēd, irede, ȝerād (“ready, prepared”), from Old English rǣde, ġerǣde (also ġerȳde) ("prepared, prompt, ready, ready for riding (horse),

1 source section · 15 relationship mentions

reaim

From re- + aim.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reair

From re- + air.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reak

Compare Icelandic hrekkr, or English wreak vengeance.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

real

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *(H)reh₁ís Proto-Italic *reis Classical Latin rēs Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ā

3 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

realm

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme, reialme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

ream

From Middle English rem, reme, from Old English rēam (“cream”), from Proto-West Germanic *raum, from Proto-Germanic *raumaz (“cream”), from Proto-Indo-European *réwgʰmn̥ (“to sour [milk]”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian

3 source sections · 22 relationship mentions

reamy

From ream (“cream”) + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rean

From Middle English rene, rein (“strip of land forming a boundary; furrow; barrier; embankment”), from Old Norse rein (“a strip of land”), from Proto-Germanic *rainō (“baulk, ridge”), from Proto-Indo-European *rey- (“to

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

reap

From Middle English repen, from Old English rēopan, rēpan, variants of Old English rīpan (“to reap”), from Proto-West Germanic *rīpan, from Proto-Germanic *rīpaną (compare West Frisian repe, Norwegian ripa (“to score, sc

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

rear

From Middle English reren (“to raise”), from Old English rǣran (“to raise, set upright, promote, exalt, begin, create, give rise to, excite, rouse, arouse, stir up”), from Proto-West Germanic *raiʀijan, from Proto-German

4 source sections · 30 relationship mentions

reard

From Middle English rerde, rerd, from Old English reord (“voice, speech, language”), from Proto-Germanic *rizdō, *razdō (“voice, language, speech”), from Proto-Indo-European *res- (“to shout, speak”). Cognate with Old Hi

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

rearm

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English arm English rearm From re- + arm.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

reask

From re- + ask.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reast

From roast.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reata

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Spanish re- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *h₂ptós Proto-Italic *aptos Latin aptus Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

reave

From Middle English reven, from Old English rēafian, from Proto-West Germanic *raubōn. Germanic cognates include West Frisian rave, Old English rēaf (“spoils, booty”)), and Old English past participle rofen (“torn, broke

2 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

reb

Clipping of rebel.

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

rebab

Borrowed from Arabic رَبَاب (rabāb), plural of رَبَابَة (rabāba). Compare Middle French rebec, Classical Persian رُبَاب (rubāb).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rebag

From re- + bag.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reban

From re- + ban.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

rebar

Blend of reinforcing + bar.

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

rebbe

Borrowed from Yiddish רבי (rebe). Doublet of rabbi.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

rebec

From Middle French rebec, alteration of rubebe (see English ribibe), from Arabic رَبَاب (rabāb).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

rebed

From re- + bed.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebel

From Middle English rebel, rebell, from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis (“waging war again; insurgent”), from rebellō (“to wage war again, fight back”), from re- (“again, back”) + bellō (“to wage war”).

2 source sections · 7 relationship mentions

rebi

Erroneously formed by treating the etymon of rebus, Latin rēbus, as a masculine noun of the second declension, in which, in the nominative case, the singular form ends in -us and the plural form in -i.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rebid

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English bid English rebid From re- + bid.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rebin

From re- + bin.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebis

From Latin rēs (“matter”) + Latin bīna (“double”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebox

From re- + box.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebud

From re- + bud.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

rebus

From French rébus (“rebus (puzzle); ambiguity; word used in an oblique sense; unintelligible remark”), or directly from its probable etymon Latin rēbus, the ablative plural of rēs (“object, stuff, thing; issue, matter, s

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

rebut

Inherited from Middle English rebutten, rebouten, from Old French reboter, rebuter, rebouter, etc., from re- + boter, buter, bouter (“to butt”). Entered English around 1302-1307.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

rebuy

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *bʰewgʰ-der. Proto-Germanic *bugjaną Proto-West Germanic *buggjan Old English bycġan Middle English by

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

recam

From re- + cam.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recan

From re- + can.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recap

From re- + cap.

4 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recc

Clipping of recommend, with doubled c to indicate pronunciation as /k/ rather than /s/.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recce

Clipping of reconnaissance.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reccy

Clipping of reconnaissance + -y.

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

recit

Borrowed from French récit.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

reck

From Middle English recken, rekken, reken, from Old Norse rœkja (compare Old English rēċċan, rēċan (“to care, reck, take care of, be interested in, care for, desire”); whence English retch), from Proto-Germanic *rōkijaną

1 source section · 12 relationship mentions

recon

Clipping of reconnaissance.

4 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

rect-

See recto- § Etymology.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recte

From Latin recte (“rightly, correctly”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

recto

Borrowed from Latin rēctō foliō (“on the right leaf, on the right page”), the ablative case of the Latin rēctus (“right”). Compare versus (“turned”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

recup

From re- + cup.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

recur

Learned borrowing from Latin recurrō (“to hurry or run back; to return, revert”), from re- (prefix meaning ‘back, backwards’) + currō (“to hasten, hurry; to move, travel; to run”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

recut

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English cut English recut From re- + cut.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

red

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- Proto-Indo-European *-os Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *-ós Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós Proto-Germanic *raudaz Proto-West Germanic *raud Old English rēad Mid

3 source sections · 40 relationship mentions

redam

From re- + dam.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redan

From French redan, corruption of redent, from re- + dent (“tooth”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

redd

Fusion of Middle English reden (“to clean up, to clear”) and redden (“to save, rescue, deliver, rid, free, clear”). The former is from Old English ġerǣdan (“to put in order, arrange, prepare”), from Proto-West Germanic *

3 source sections · 11 relationship mentions

reddy

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

rede

From Middle English red, rede, from Old English rǣd, from Proto-West Germanic *rād, from Proto-Germanic *rēdaz. Cognate with Danish råd, Dutch raad, German Rat, Swedish råd, Norwegian Bokmål råd. Indo-European cognates i

2 source sections · 19 relationship mentions

redex

Abbreviation of reducible expression.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redia

Named after Redi, an Italian naturalist.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redie

From re- + die.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redif

From Turkish redif.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

redig

From re- + dig.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redip

From re- + dip.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redly

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

redo

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁t Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- Proto-Indo-European *dʰédʰeh₁ti Proto-

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

redon

From re- + don.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redox

Shortening of reduction and oxidation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

redry

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English dry English redry From re- + dry.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

redub

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English dub English redub From re- + dub.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions

redux

From Latin redux (“that returns”), from redūcō (“to bring back”). The word may have re-entered popular usage in the United States with the publication of the novel Rabbit Redux (1971) by John Updike, although it had prev

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

redye

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English dye English redye From re- + dye.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

ree

From Middle English rei, reh, reoh, from Old English hrēoh (“rough, fierce, wild, angry, disturbed, troubled, stormy, tempestuous”), from Proto-Germanic *hreuhaz (“bad, wild”), from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“raw mea

4 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

reeat

re- + eat

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reeb

First appeared in the UK in the 19th century. Back slang for beer.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reed

From Middle English red, from Old English hrēod, from Proto-West Germanic *hreud (“reed”), of uncertain origin. Cognates Cognate with North Frisian raid (“reed”), Saterland Frisian Räit (“reed”), West Frisian reid (“reed

4 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

reedy

From Middle English reedy, reedi, reeddy, equivalent to reed + -y.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

reee

From the sound made by certain species of frogs to ward off predators, combined with the Pepe the Frog and "autistic screeching" memes. According to Know Your Meme, first attested in a 4chan post published December 27, 2

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

reef

From earlier riff, from Middle English rif, from Old Norse rif (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Germanic *ribją (“rib, reef”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rebʰ- (“arch, ceiling, cover”). Dutch rif (“reef”), Low German riff, ref

3 source sections · 22 relationship mentions

reefy

From reef + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reek

From Middle English rek, reke (“smoke”), from Old English rēc, from Proto-West Germanic *rauki, from Proto-Germanic *raukiz, from Proto-Indo-European *rowgi-. Cognate with West Frisian reek, riik, Dutch rook (“smoke”), L

4 source sections · 27 relationship mentions

reeky

From Middle English reky (also rechy), equivalent to reek + -y.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

reel

From Middle English reel, reele, from Old English rēol, hrēol, from Proto-West Germanic *hrehul, from Proto-Germanic *hrehulaz, *hrahilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *krek- (“to weave, beat”). Cognate with Icelandic ræl, h

2 source sections · 12 relationship mentions

reem

From Biblical Hebrew רְאֵם (r'em).

3 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reese

A genericization of the trademark Reese, a popular brand of peanut butter cup, thus applied to all peanut butter cups.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reet

From eye dialectal spelling of right.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reeve

From Middle English reve, from Old English rēfa, an aphetism of ġerēfa (also grœ̄fa), from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō (“officer, official”). Compare Danish greve, Swedish greve, Dutch graaf, German Graf. The role, and

3 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

ref

Clippings.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

refan

From re- + fan.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

refax

From re- + fax.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

refel

From Latin refellere, from re- + fallere (“to deceive”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

refer

From Middle English referren, from Old French referer, from Latin referre. The noun (used in journalism) is from the verb. Doublet of relate. See also infer, collate and confer, delate and defer, as well as prelate and p

1 source section · 5 relationship mentions

reffo

Etymology tree English refugee Latin ō Old French ohbor. Middle English o English O English oh English -o English reffo From refugee + -o (“diminutive suffix”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

refit

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Middle English fit? English fit English refit From re- + fit.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

refix

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English fix English refix From re- + fix.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

refly

From re- + fly.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

refry

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- English fry English refry From re- + fry.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

refs

Short for refreshments.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reg

Clippings.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

regag

From re- + gag.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

regal

From Middle English regal, from Old French regal (“regal, royal”), from Latin rēgālis (“royal, kingly”), from rex (“king”); also regere (“to rule”). Doublet of royal (“belonging to a monarch”), real (“unit of currency”),

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

regas

Etymology tree Proto-Italic *wre- Latin re-der. Old French re-bor. Middle English re- English re- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂-der. Ancient Greek χαῦνος (khaûnos) Ancient Greek χάος (kháos)der. Dutch gasbor. English gas En

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

reges

Borrowed from Latin rēgēs.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

reget

From re- + get.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

regio

Learned borrowing from Latin regiō. Doublet of region.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Jump to any dictionary page

Read the layers separately

These source reports extend Wiktionary’s work through Kaikki / Wiktextract, with attribution and visible extraction limits. A relationship mentioned in a source is not automatically the immediate parent of a word. Newly written research analyses cite their own references. The reviewed graph has a separate evidence contract and counter.

The full multilingual corpus remains local; this directory covers only the bounded English slice. See exactly what has been acquired and published →