Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗To travel over (an area, etc); to roam, wander. · To rove over or through. · To exercise the power of something over something else; to cause to submit to, over. · To bring (something) into a specified position or relationship (especially, of opposition) with something else.
From Middle English rengen, from Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order”), from the noun renc, reng, ranc, rang (“a rank, row”), from Frankish *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”). Doublet of ring.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*(s)ker- (turn)ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionrengenenm
- Derivation mentionrengierfro
- Derivation mention*hringazgem-pro
This page abbreviates 10 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:rengen<ety:bor<fro:rengier>>"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(H)rek-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*reketi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gaulish\", \"term\" : \"*rekos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"cel-gau\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*rinkaną\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃reǵ-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rankaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Frankish\", \"term\" : \"*rank\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"frk\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*rencus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"reng\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"infinitive suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"redlink\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzi\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"influ.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Influenced by\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verb suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"influence\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-āre\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"rengier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"rengen\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"range\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"range\">"
},
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)ker- (turn)"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rengen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rengen"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "rengier",
"4": "",
"5": "to range, to rank, to order"
},
"expansion": "Old French rengier (“to range, to rank, to order”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*hring"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *hring"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hringaz",
"4": "",
"5": "ring, circle, curve"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“ring, circle, curve”)"
},
{
"name": "dbt",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of ring"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "enm:rengen<ety:bor<fro:rengier>>"
},
"expansion": ""
}
],
"links": [
[
"rengen",
"rengen#Middle_English"
],
[
"rengier",
"rengier#Old_French"
],
[
"renc",
"renc#Old_French"
],
[
"reng",
"reng#Old_French"
],
[
"ranc",
"ranc#Old_French"
],
[
"rang",
"rang#Old_French"
],
[
"*hring",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hring"
],
[
"*hringaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hringaz"
],
[
"ring",
"ring#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To travel over (an area, etc); to roam, wander.",
"To rove over or through.",
"To exercise the power of something over something else; to cause to submit to, over.",
"To bring (something) into a specified position or relationship (especially, of opposition) with something else."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive",
"obsolete"
],
"recordId": "d202b727ff6bac6b14b462f2bafa096e803061cf6fe952bd76ce270fe4f1c45a",
"rawRecordSha256": "6676c9be84c4e8f0de57357c851890697bb0e6985ee4e474c12aece706eb2f7a",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 206496
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 10,
"glosses": 0
}
}