*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of rand

From Middle English rand, from Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *rand, from Proto-Germanic *randaz, *randō (“edge, rim, crust”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“

4 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 4 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

The border of an area of land, now especially marshland. · A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak. · A border, edge or rim; a strip, as of cloth. · A strip of leather used to fit the heels of a shoe.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English rand, from Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *rand, from Proto-Germanic *randaz, *randō (“edge, rim, crust”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“to rest, prop or support oneself”). Cognate with Dutch rand (“edge, border, outskirts, rim”), German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”), Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”). Related to rind.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionrandenm
  • Inherited-form mentionrandang · edge, border, margin, rim, shore
  • Inherited-form mention*randgmw-pro
  • Inherited-form mention*randazgem-pro
  • Derivation mention*h₁rem-ine-pro · to rest, prop or support oneself
  • Cognate mentionrandnl · edge, border, outskirts, rim
  • Cognate mentionRandde · edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts
  • Cognate mentionrandsv · rand, stripe, edge, verge

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "rand"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English rand"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "rand",
        "t": "edge, border, margin, rim, shore"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, shore”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*rand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *rand"
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*randaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *randaz"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₁rem-",
        "t": "to rest, prop or support oneself"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rem- (“to rest, prop or support oneself”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "rand",
        "t": "edge, border, outskirts, rim"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch rand (“edge, border, outskirts, rim”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Rand",
        "t": "edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts"
      },
      "expansion": "German Rand (“edge, border, margin, rim, outskirts”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "cog",
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "rand",
        "t": "rand, stripe, edge, verge"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish rand (“rand, stripe, edge, verge”)"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "*rand",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/rand"
    ],
    [
      "*randaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/randaz"
    ],
    [
      "*randō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/randō"
    ],
    [
      "*h₁rem-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁rem-"
    ],
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Rand",
      "Rand#German"
    ],
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Swedish"
    ],
    [
      "rind",
      "rind#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "The border of an area of land, now especially marshland.",
        "A strip of meat; a long fleshy piece of beef, cut from the flank or leg; a sort of steak.",
        "A border, edge or rim; a strip, as of cloth.",
        "A strip of leather used to fit the heels of a shoe."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dialectal",
        "obsolete",
        "UK",
        "rare"
      ],
      "recordId": "bbb9a938aa5d18eee309738676fa96368f964d462a2d891a30c7d0c9e7804221",
      "rawRecordSha256": "627b16dfcfadf25b7855b92e2faa7e3b206879ab739dcfe351faf06b9ece70f4",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 165282
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 1,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A rocky slope, especially the area over a river valley; specifically, the Rand · The currency of South Africa, divided into 100 cents.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Named after Witwatersrand; the last element is Afrikaans rand (“ridge”), from Dutch rand, from Old Saxon rand, from Germanic *randaz. Compare Etymology 1, and Rand. The sense of currency is because of gold that was extracted from the Witwatersrand rocks.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Derivation mentionrandaf
  • Derivation mentionrandnl
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "af",
        "3": "rand",
        "4": "",
        "5": "ridge"
      },
      "expansion": "Afrikaans rand (“ridge”)"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "rand"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch rand"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "osx",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Saxon"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Afrikaans"
    ],
    [
      "rand",
      "rand#Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "Rand",
      "Rand"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A rocky slope, especially the area over a river valley; specifically, the Rand",
        "The currency of South Africa, divided into 100 cents."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "fde558ecf6eb12857e9605d1c43534e99b27bf49045a87cd8700ab0e0169071c",
      "rawRecordSha256": "59777c8347d809c9be4cd98446c8108932933517fec2425f5b33542223b3378e",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 165283
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

To rant; to storm.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

See rant.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [],
  "links": [
    [
      "rant",
      "rant#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "verb",
      "glosses": [
        "To rant; to storm."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive",
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "recordId": "cf940e9909dad8286426fc453eafe1753f22369c4c034ec2b6c49ff4cd20be33",
      "rawRecordSha256": "2890a13e42d5b93ab635d68827bc99edec3cf03b6985fef58e2395f93fd8105d",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 165284
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Source etymology 4

Original entry ↗
noun

A random number.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Shortened from random.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "clipping",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "random",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "random"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "random",
      "random#English"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A random number."
      ],
      "tags": [],
      "recordId": "5f2ba01f0730cbe464bd65f6e75b4385738fd61a3df0c86fadb2680976eddf13",
      "rawRecordSha256": "dcf6499a3dfb3f80baf18ebee2e6f163a4a9055b98d176782a2d07f7218c6610",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 165285
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 0,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for rand →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cmFuZA