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English word origin

Etymology of realm

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme, reialme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is

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In this entry · 1 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Unnumbered source etymology

Original entry ↗
noun

A territory or state, as ruled by an absolute authority, especially by a king; a kingdom. · An otherworldly dimension or domain — magical, ethereal, or otherwise. · The spiritual state of which God is the head; the Kingdom of Heaven. · A sphere of knowledge or of influence; a domain.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme, reialme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is usually cited. The modern spelling predominates from around 1600. The modern pronunciation with /l/ is either a spelling pronunciation or influenced by the etymology.

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 4 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

{
  "templates": [
    {
      "name": "root",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃reǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": ""
    },
    {
      "name": "inh",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "rewme"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English rewme"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "reaume"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French reaume"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-lat",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin"
    },
    {
      "name": "der",
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la-vul",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin"
    },
    {
      "name": "glossary",
      "args": {
        "1": "spelling pronunciation"
      },
      "expansion": "spelling pronunciation"
    }
  ],
  "links": [
    [
      "rewme",
      "rewme#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "realme",
      "realme#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "reaume",
      "reaume#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "reaume",
      "reaume#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "realme",
      "realme#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "reialme",
      "reialme#Old_French"
    ],
    [
      "*rēgālimen",
      "Reconstruction:Latin/regalimen"
    ],
    [
      "regimen",
      "regimen#Latin"
    ],
    [
      "rēgālis",
      "regalis#Latin"
    ]
  ],
  "references": [],
  "descendants": [],
  "lexical": [
    {
      "pos": "noun",
      "glosses": [
        "A territory or state, as ruled by an absolute authority, especially by a king; a kingdom.",
        "An otherworldly dimension or domain — magical, ethereal, or otherwise.",
        "The spiritual state of which God is the head; the Kingdom of Heaven.",
        "A sphere of knowledge or of influence; a domain."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "rhetoric",
        "obsolete",
        "also",
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "recordId": "604fafb38405c8fdd1a7ccb8788f77482cd5c1c8d01096520036e345bf44ce4a",
      "rawRecordSha256": "8266b0e0a503fcdc48146e6aedc470f6b6ef5711957a87fc5aebcfec8cdf1f9a",
      "sourceRecordOrdinal": 214045
    }
  ],
  "omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
    "templates": 0,
    "links": 0,
    "references": 0,
    "descendants": 0,
    "lexicalRecords": 0,
    "lexicalSenses": 4,
    "glosses": 0
  }
}

Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for realm →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-cmVhbG0