The English source dictionary · partial corpus coverage

English word origins · page 117

35,981 permanent word records. Read the source etymologies, inspect mentioned relationships and see where the evidence stops. These are not 35,981 independently reviewed deep dives.

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Page 117 of 180

giber

From gibe + -er.

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gibi-

Blend of giga- + binary.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

gibs

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

4 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gibus

From the surname of its French inventor.

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gid

Back-formation from giddy.

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The adjective is derived from Middle English gidi, gedy, gydy (“demonically controlled or possessed; crazy, insane; foolish, idiotic, ridiculous, unwise; unsure; (rare) dizzy, shaky; (rare) of an animal: crazed, out of c

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

giffy

Clipping of giftcard + -y.

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gift

From Middle English yifte, ȝift, partly from Old English ġift, ġyft (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Equivalent to give +

2 source sections · 36 relationship mentions

gifty

From gift + -y.

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gig

The etymology of the noun is unknown, but compare Old French gigue (“a fiddle”). The verb is derived from the noun.

5 source sections · 14 relationship mentions

giga-

Etymology tree Ancient Greek Γίγας (Gígas) Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas)der. English giga- From Ancient Greek γίγας (gígas, “giant”); cognate to giant.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

gigil

From Tagalog gigil.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gigot

Borrowed from French gigot (“leg (of lamb)”), from gigue (“(colloquial) a long leg; haunch of some animals, especially venison”) + -ot (diminutive suffix). Gigue is derived from giguer (“to dance; to jump”), further etym

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

gigue

From French gigue. Doublet of jig.

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gila

Borrowed from Malay gila.

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gild

From Middle English gilden, gulden, from Old English gyldan (“to gild, to cover with a thin layer of gold”), from Proto-West Germanic *gulþijan, from Proto-Germanic *gulþijaną, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”).

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

gilda

Spanish gilda

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gilet

Borrowed from French gilet (“vest, waistcoat”), from regional Italian gileccu (Calabria), gilecco (Genoa), gelecco (Naples), ggileccu (Sicily), etc. (standard Italian gilè is borrowed from French), from Turkish yelek (“j

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

gilia

From the genus name.

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gill

From Middle English gille, gylle (“gill”), of North Germanic origin, akin to Danish gælle, Swedish gäl, Norwegian gjelle, and further to Old Norse gjǫlnar (“lips”), which also may have had the meaning of "gills" (based o

5 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

gilo

Etymology tree Kimbundu njilubor. Portuguese jilóbor. English gilo Borrowed from Portuguese giló, jiló, from Kimbundu njilu.

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gilt

Past participle of gild (“to cover in gold”), thus meaning literally “(something) covered in gold”. Ultimately related to gold (which see). Compare feed, which is related (similarly by ablaut) to food. Cognate with Dutch

2 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

gim

Korean 김 (gim)

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gimel

From Hebrew גימל (gimel); ultimately from Proto-Semitic word for a weapon which was debatably either a staff sling or a throwing stick. Doublet of gamma.

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gimme

Written form of a reduction of give me.

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gimp

Attested since about 1660, perhaps from Dutch gimp or French guimpe, and likely from Old French guimpre, a variant of guipure, a kind of trimming. The regional sense of "gumption" is attested since about 1905, and may ha

3 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

gimpy

Etymology tree English gimp Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English gimpy From gimp + -y.

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gin

Abbreviation of geneva, alteration of Dutch genever (“juniper”) from Old French genevre (modern French genièvre), from Vulgar Latin ziniperus, from Latin iūniperus (“juniper”). Hence gin rummy (first attested 1941).

6 source sections · 17 relationship mentions

gina

Abbreviation of vagina, either by children's mispronunciation or as a euphemism.

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ginch

Variation of gotch, from Ukrainian га́чі (háči), ґа́чі (gáči).

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ging

From Middle English gyng, gynge, genge, from Old English genge (“a troop, privy, company, retinue”), from Old Norse gengi, from Proto-Germanic *gangiją (“pace, walk”). Cognate with Middle Low German gink (“a going, turn,

3 source sections · 9 relationship mentions

ginge

Shortening.

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gink

Unknown but possibly from similar senses of kink or geck. Cf. geek.

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ginny

Etymology tree Classical Latin iūniperus Vulgar Latin ziniperus Old French genevreder. Middle Dutch jenever Dutch jeneverder. English genevaclip. English gin Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germ

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gino

From the Italian forename Gino.

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ginzo

Diminutive of Guinea + -o. Compare gizmo.

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gippo

An alteration of gypsy, which is in turn an alteration of Egyptian.

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gird

From Middle English girden, gerden, gürden, from Old English gyrdan (“to put a belt around, to put a girdle around”), from Proto-Germanic *gurdijaną (“to gird”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-. Cognate with West Frisi

2 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

girih

From Classical Persian گره (giri, “knot”).

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girk

From Middle English ȝerken (“to move suddenly, excite, bind tightly, attack”), from Old English ġearcian (“to prepare, make ready”). Cognate with jerk and yerk.

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girl

From Middle English gerle, girle, gyrle (“young person (boy or girl)”), perhaps from Old English *gyrele, from Proto-West Germanic *gurilā, from a zero-grade diminutive of *gaurā (“young child”) + *-ilā. Ultimately of un

2 source sections · 20 relationship mentions

girlf

Shortening of girlfriend.

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girly

Etymology tree Proto-West Germanic *gaurā Proto-West Germanic *-ilā Proto-West Germanic *gurilā Old English *gyrele? Middle English girle English girl Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-

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girlz

From girl + -z.

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girn

From Middle English gyrnen, a metathesised form of grinnen, grennen. More at grin.

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giro

Via German, from Italian giro (“circulation”), from Latin gyrus (“circle”), from Ancient Greek γῦρος (gûros, “circle”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to curve, to bend”).

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girt

Alteration of girth (“belt, circumference, brace”).

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girth

From Middle English girth, gerth, gyrth, from Old Norse gjǫrð, from Proto-Germanic *gerdō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; belt”). Cognate with Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰 (gairda), Icelandic gjörð. Als

1 source section · 10 relationship mentions

girus

Blend of giant + virus; coined by J M Claverie, H Ogata, S Audic, C Abergel, K Suhre, P E Fournier, in a 2006 paper in Virus Research.

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girya

Transliteration of Russian ги́ря (gírja).

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gis

From the military term GIS, "general impression and shape".

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gise

See agist.

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gish

The term originates in the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) game, where it originally referred to a Githyanki fighter/wizard combination. Gish is not an official term used in D&D referring to this, but is also used to refer to a

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gismu

Borrowed from Lojban gismu.

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gissa

gi' us a

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gist

The noun is derived from Old French gist, a noun use of the third person singular indicative of gesir (“to lie down”) (modern French gésir; compare Anglo-Norman (cest) action gist (literally “(law) (this) action lies”)),

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

gists

From gist + -s (suffix forming pluralia tantum).

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git

From Middle English get (“[illegitimate] offspring”). A southern variant of Scots get (“illegitimate child, brat”), related to beget.

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gitch

Likely from gotch.

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gite

Unclear; perhaps related to Old French guite.

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giubo

From Italian giubo, from giunto (“joint”) + Boschi, named for inventor Antonio Boschi.

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give

From Middle English given, yeven, yiven, ȝiven, from merger of Old English ġefan, ġeofan, ġiefan, ġifan, ġiofan, ġyfan (“to give”) and Old Norse gefa (“to give”), from Proto-Germanic *gebaną (“to give”), from Proto-Indo-

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givee

From give + -ee.

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given

Morphologically give + -n.

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giver

From Middle English gevar, gyffare, variants (due to English given (“to give”)) of Middle English yevere, ȝevere, ȝyvere, equivalent to give + -er. Cognate with German Geber (“donor”).

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

givey

From give + -y.

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gizmo

Unknown.

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gje

Borrowed from Macedonian ѓе (ǵe).

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glacé

Borrowed from French glacé, past participle of glacer (“to glaze or freeze”).

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glad

From Middle English glad, gled, from Old English glæd (“shining; bright; cheerful; glad”), from Proto-Germanic *gladaz (“shiny; gleaming; radiant; happy; glossy; smooth; flat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰladʰ-, from *ǵ

2 source sections · 15 relationship mentions

glade

From Middle English glade, glode, glede (“a gleam of light, bright space, an open space; an open or cleared space in a forest; a bright patch of sky; a bright surface of snow or ice”), of uncertain origin, perhaps from O

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

glady

From glade + -y.

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glair

From Middle English glaire, from Old French glaire, from Vulgar Latin *clāria, a substantive use of Latin clārus (“clear”).

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glam

Clipping of glamour.

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glamp

Blend of glamorous + camp.

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gland

Late 17th century borrowing from French glande, alteration of Old French glandre, from Latin glandulae (“throat glands, tonsils”), plural of glandula (“a little acorn”), from glāns (“an acorn”) + -ula (diminutive nominal

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glans

Learned borrowing from Latin glāns (“acorn”).

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glare

From Middle English glaren, from Old English *glærian, from Proto-West Germanic *glarōn. Cognate with dialectal Middle Dutch glariën (“to glisten; sparkle”), Low German glaren (“to shine brightly; glow; burn”), Middle Hi

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

glark

Slight variation of glork in the constructed sentence "This gubblick contains many nonsklarkish English flutzpahs, but the overall pluggandisp can be glorked from context" by David Moser. It is conjectured that hacker us

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glary

From glare + -y.

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glass

From Middle English glas, from Old English glæs, from Proto-West Germanic *glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, possibly related to Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to shine”) (compare glow), and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-Euro

2 source sections · 16 relationship mentions

glatt

Borrowed from Yiddish גלאַט (glat, “smooth”). Doublet of glad.

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glaum

Alteration of dialectal clam, claum (“to grope or grasp ineffectually, snatch”), from Middle English *clammen, *clemmen, from Old English clæmman, clemman, from Proto-West Germanic *klammjan, from Proto-Germanic *klamjan

2 source sections · 10 relationship mentions

glaur

From Scots glaur, from Middle Scots glar, of unknown origin.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

glaze

From Middle English glasen, from glas (“glass”) (Modern English glass), from Old English glæs, from Proto-Germanic *glasą. Related to glazen. In the sense of "overcompliment", originated in November 2021 and popularized

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glazy

From glaze + -y. Compare glassy.

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gleam

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley-der. Proto-Germanic *glaimiz Proto-West Germanic *glaimi Old English glǣm Middle English glem English gleam From Middle English glem, gleam, gleme (“shaft of light; reflected lig

3 source sections · 15 relationship mentions

glean

The verb is derived from Late Middle English glenen (“to gather (heads of grain left by reapers), glean; to gather (things) together, collect”), from Old French glener, glainer (modern French glaner (“to gather, glean”))

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

gleba

Borrowed from Latin glēba (“lump, mass”). Doublet of glebe.

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glebe

From Old French glebe, from Latin glaeba (“lump of earth, clod”). Doublet of gleba.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

gleby

From glebe + -y. Compare Latin glaebosus (“cloddy”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

glede

From Middle English glede, from Old English glida, from Proto-West Germanic *glidā, from Proto-Germanic *glidǭ; akin to Icelandic gleða, Swedish glada. Compare glide.

2 source sections · 17 relationship mentions

glee

From Middle English gle, from Old English glēo, glīġ, glēow, glīw (“glee, pleasure, mirth, play, sport; music; mockery”), from Proto-West Germanic *glīw, from Proto-Germanic *glīwą (“joy, mirth”), from Proto-Indo-Europea

2 source sections · 13 relationship mentions

gleek

From Middle French glic, from Old French glic (“a game of cards”), of Germanic origin from or related to Middle High German glücke, gelücke (“luck”) and Middle Dutch gelīc (“like, alike”). More at luck, like.

3 source sections · 11 relationship mentions

gleen

Compare glance, glint.

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gleet

Old French glette.

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gleg

Variant forms.

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glen

From Middle English glen, borrowed from Irish gleann and Scottish Gaelic gleann, Old and Middle Irish glend, glenn (“mountain valley”), from Proto-Celtic *glendos (“valley”), hypothetically from Proto-Indo-European *glen

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

glene

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek γλήνη (glḗnē, “eyeball, socket”)

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glew

Either formed on the analogy of know, grow (and other verbs which are now weak in the standard such as crow, mow) or inherited from Middle English glew, glewe (“glowed”), in turn from Old English glēow (“glowed”), past t

2 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

gley

1920s, from Ukrainian ґлей (glej, “clayey soil”), from Proto-Slavic *glьjь, from Proto-Indo-European *gl̥h₁y-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y-. Cognate of clay.

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gli-

# From glio-. # Contraction of antihyperglycemic.

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glia

From Ancient Greek γλία (glía), γλοία (gloía, “glue”), γλοιός (gloiós, “a glutinous substance, gum”)

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glial

Etymology tree English glia Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- Proto-Indo-European *-is Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.? Proto-Italic *-ālis Latin -ālislbor. Old French -albor. ▲ Latin -ālis Old French -elbor. ▲ Latin -ālisbor.

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glib

A shortening of either obsolete English glibbery (“slippery”) or its source, Low German glibberig, glibberich (“slippery”) / Dutch glibberig (“slippery”).

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glide

From Middle English gliden, from Old English glīdan, from Proto-West Germanic *glīdan, from Proto-Germanic *glīdaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰleydʰ-. Cognate with West Frisian glide, glydzje, Low German glieden, Dutch

1 source section · 13 relationship mentions

glidy

From glide + -y.

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gliff

Compare Middle English glyffen (“to give a glancing look; to become startled or frightened”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

glike

See gleek (“a jest”).

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glim

From Middle English glim, glimme (“radiance; shining brightness”), of uncertain further origin. Perhaps from Old English gleomu (“splendor”) and/or Old Norse *glim, *glima, both apparently from Proto-Germanic *glimō, fro

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

glime

Of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English glimme (“radiance, brightness”) (whence glim), Scots glim (“glance, glimpse”) or Norwegian Nynorsk glim (“glimpse, glimmer”), all from Proto-Germanic *glīmô. Compare glim

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

glint

15th century. Borrowed from Scots glint, from Middle English glenten (“to shine, gleam; flash”), probably from Old Norse *glenta, from Proto-Germanic *glantijaną, causitive of Proto-Germanic *glintaną (“to gleam, shine”)

1 source section · 14 relationship mentions

glio-

# From glia + -o-. # From Ancient Greek γλία (glía, “glue”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

glip

Blend of glide + skip.

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glist

From glisten.

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glitz

Back-formation from glitzy, in turn from German glitzern (“glint”). Cognate with Old Norse glitra, glita (“glitter”) and Gothic 𐌲𐌻𐌹𐍄𐌼𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (glitmunjan, “glisten”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

gloak

Origin unknown.

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gloam

Back-formation from gloaming.

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gloar

OD. gloeren, glueren, gluyeren. Compare glower.

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gloat

From Middle English *gloten, glouten, from Old Norse glotta (“to grin, smile scornfully”) or Old English *glotian, both from Proto-Germanic *glutōną (“to stare”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (“to shine”), related to

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

glob

Possibly a blend of blob + gob, or a clipping of globule. An element of sound symbolism is clearly involved: compare such phonetically and semantically similar words as glop, gop, lob, blob, lump, clump and clod. (Still,

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

globe

From late Middle English globe, from Middle French globe, from Old French globe, borrowed from Latin globus. Doublet of globus.

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

globy

From globe + -y.

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glock

Clipping of glockenspiel.

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gloea

From Ancient Greek γλοία (gloía).

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glogg

Borrowed from Swedish glögg.

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glom

From Scottish English glom, glaum (“to grab or snatch at”), a variant of clam, claum (“to clutch, seize, grasp, reach for”), from Middle English *clammen, from Old English clæmman (“to pinch, press, inclose”), from Proto

2 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

glome

Borrowed from Latin glomus (“a ball”). Compare globe.

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glomp

An emphatic form of glom.

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gloom

From Middle English *gloom, *glom, from Old English glōm (“gloaming, twilight, darkness”), from Proto-West Germanic *glōm, from Proto-Germanic *glōmaz (“gleam, shimmer, sheen”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to glea

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

gloop

Onomatopoeic; similar to glop or goop.

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glop

Variation of glope.

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glope

From Middle English glopen, probably from Old Norse glápa (“to stare vacantly”), from Proto-Germanic *glupaną (“to shine, gape”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰlub(ʰ)- (“to yawn, gape”). Cognate with Icelandic glápa (“to w

1 source section · 8 relationship mentions

glor

Uncertain. Compare Saterland Frisian glärich (“slippery, greasy, dirty”), Saterland Frisian gläärje (“to smear”), Low German glaren (“to become greasy, exude fat”), Middle Low German glarren (“to apply resin to, cover wi

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

glore

From Middle English gloren, (compare Middle English glaren (“to glare, stare, shine”)), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old English *glārian, from Proto-West Germanic *glāʀōn (“to shine”). Compare Scots glore (“to star

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glory

From Middle English glory, glorie, from Old French glorie (“glory”), from Latin glōria (“glory, fame, renown, praise, ambition, boasting”). Doublet of gloria. Displaced native Old English wuldor.

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

gloss

Probably from a North Germanic language, compare Icelandic glossi (“spark, flame”), glossa (“to flame”); or perhaps from dialectal Dutch gloos (“a glow, flare”), related to West Frisian gloeze (“a glow”), Middle Low Germ

3 source sections · 14 relationship mentions

glost

See gloss.

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glour

Regarding the spelling glour/glower, compare lour/lower.

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glout

From Scots. Compare gloat.

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glove

From Middle English glove, glofe, from Old English glōf, *glōfe, *glōfa, ("glove"; weak forms attested only in plural form glōfan (“gloves”)), from Proto-Germanic *galōfô (“glove”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- (“collective

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

glow

The verb is derived from Middle English glouen, glowen (“to give off heat and light without flame; of a thing: to be heated until red hot; to be brightly coloured; to shine brightly; (figurative) to be filled with emotio

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glown

Perhaps a survival of Middle English *glowen, *iglowen, from Old English glowen, ġeglōwen, past participle of Old English glōwan (“to glow”); equivalent to glow + -n.

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glowy

From glow + -y.

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gloze

From Middle English glosen, from Old French gloser, from Medieval Latin glossa. Doublet of gloss and glossa.

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glp

A variant of gulp.

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glub

Imitative; compare glug.

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gluck

Imitative; compare glug.

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glue

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *gleyH- Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥ Proto-Italic *gloiten Latin glūten Late Latin glūs Old French glubor. Middle English glew English glue From Middle English glew, glue, from Old Fr

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

gluer

From Middle English glewer. By surface analysis, glue + -er.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gluey

From Middle English glewy; equivalent to glue + -y.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

glug

Onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of pouring or swallowing liquid.

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glum

Probably from Middle Low German glum (“glum”), related to German dialectal glumm (“gloomy, troubled, turbid”). More at gloomy.

2 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

glume

From Latin gluma (“husk of grain”). The root can also be seen in glubere (“to peel”).

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glump

See glum.

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gluon

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glut

Inherited from Middle English glotien /glotten, probably derived from Old French gloter /glotir /glotoiier (“to eat greedily”) [compare French engloutir (“to devour”), French glouton (“glutton”)], derived from Latin glut

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

glute

Clipping of gluteus.

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gly-

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts Proto-Indo-European *-i Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti Ancient Greek ᾰ̓ντῐ́ (ăntĭ́) Ancient Greek ἀντι- (anti-)der. English anti

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glyA

Derived from glycine + "A"

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glyme

Blend of glycol + dimethyl ether.

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glyn

Borrowed from Welsh glyn; compare glen. Doublet of glen.

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glyph

First attested in 1727. Borrowed from French glyphe, from Ancient Greek γλυφή (gluphḗ, “carving”), from γλύφω (glúphō, “I carve, engrave”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

gmina

From Polish gmina, from Middle High German gemeine, gemeinde. Doublet of mean, common, and commune.

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

gminy

From Polish gminy.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gnaff

Origin obscure. Compare gnoff.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gnag

From Middle English *gnaggen, *gnagen, from Old Norse gnaga (“to gnaw”), from Proto-Germanic *gnaganą (“to gnaw”). More at English gnaw.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

gnar

Inherited from Old English gnyrran.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gnarl

Back-formation from gnarled.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gnash

From Middle English gnasten. Origin unknown; the word is probably either Germanic or ultimately onomatopoeic. Compare Old Norse gnastan, Danish gnaske ("munch", "crunch"), German knirschen, German Low German gnirschen, g

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

gnast

From Middle English gnast, knast, from Old English *gnāst (“spark”) (attested in fȳrgnāst (“spark of fire”)), from Proto-Germanic *gahnaistô (“spark”), from Proto-Germanic *ga- + Proto-Germanic *hnaistô (“spark”), perhap

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

gnat

From Middle English gnat, from Old English gnætt (“gnat; midge; mosquito”), from Proto-West Germanic *gnatt, *gnattu, from Proto-Germanic *gnattaz, *gnattuz (“gnat”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰneHdʰn-, *gʰneHd- (“to gn

1 source section · 9 relationship mentions

gnaw

From Middle English gnawen, gnaȝen, from Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan, from Proto-Germanic *gnaganą (“to gnaw”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰnēgʰ- (“to gnaw, scratch”). Cognate with Dutch

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

gnip

Origin obscure. Perhaps an alteration of knip (“to bite, crop, nip”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gnit

From Middle English gnit, gnitte, from Old English *gnitte (“gnit; gnat”), from Proto-West Germanic *gnittā, from Proto-Germanic *gnittǭ, *gnittō (“gnat; midge”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰneHdʰn-, *gʰneHd- (“to gnaw,

1 source section · 11 relationship mentions

gnoff

From Middle English gnof (“a miser, churl, lout”), of unknown origin. Cognate with Scots gnaff (“any small or stunted object”). Compare Saterland Frisian knufe (“lump”), Saterland Frisian gnuffig (“thick, rough, coarse,

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

gnoll

According to A Brief History of Gnolls, by Paul Haynie, they were created by Lord Dunsany in "How Nuth Would Have Practiced His Art Upon the Gnoles", and the name was likely derived from a playing field of the Welsh All

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

gnome

From French gnome (“gnome”), from New Latin gnomus, used by Paracelsus as a synonym for pygmaeus (“pygmy”).

2 source sections · 3 relationship mentions

gnu

From Dutch gnoe, from Khoekhoe ǃnu:, of unknown origin, likely onomatopoeic of the grunt-type noise of the gnu.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gnudi

From Italian.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

go

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-der. Proto-Germanic *gāną Proto-West Germanic *gān Old English gān Middle English gon English go From Middle English gon, goon, from Old English gān (“to go”), from Proto-West Ge

3 source sections · 51 relationship mentions

go ER

Initialism referring to Elliot Rodger, who carried out a series of deadly mass shootings in Isla Vista, California, in 2014 with the intent of punishing women for rejecting him and men he envied.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

go on

Structurally equivalent to go onward.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

go-go

1964, US, partly from Whisky a Go Go, an influential American nightclub (in turn from French à gogo (“abundant”)), partly by reduplication of go, from 1962 slang the go (“the rage, fashionable”), from sense the go (“in m

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

go-to

A univerbation of go + to. Compare typologically convenient, Russian подходя́щий (podxodjáščij) (<~ ходи́ть (xodítʹ)).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

goa

Unknown, possibly from Tibetan [script needed] (dgoba).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

goad

From Middle English gode, from Old English gād (“goad”), from Proto-Germanic *gaidō (compare Old Norse gedda (“pike (fish)”), Lombardic gaida (“spear”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰey- (compare Old Irish gath (“spear”),

1 source section · 7 relationship mentions

goaf

Compare gob.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

goal

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂-der. Proto-Germanic *gailō Proto-West Germanic *gailu Old English *gāl Middle English gol English goal From Middle English gol (“boundary, limit”), from Old English *gāl (“obstac

2 source sections · 18 relationship mentions

goals

* (Internet slang sense) Possibly originating with the hashtag #goals. Compare squad goal.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

goam

Variant of gorm/gaum, which see for more.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

goat

Inherited from Middle English goot, got, gat, from Old English gāt, from Proto-West Germanic *gait, from Proto-Germanic *gaits, from a substrate language. The sense of lecherous man derives from the slang expression “hor

2 source sections · 8 relationship mentions

goaty

From goat + -y.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gob

From Middle English gobbe (also Middle English gobet), from Old French gobet, gobe (“lump, mouthful”), from Transalpine Gaulish *gobbo- (“neb, muzzle”).

4 source sections · 5 relationship mentions

goban

From Japanese 碁盤 (goban).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gobar

From Hindi गोबर (gobar).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

gobbo

Clipping of goblin + -o.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

gobby

Etymology tree English gob Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Germanic *-gaz Proto-West Germanic *-g Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English gobby From gob (“lump”) + -y.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions

gobi

Borrowed from Hindi गोभी (gobhī), from Portuguese couve (“cabbage”), from Latin caulis. Doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.

1 source section · 6 relationship mentions

gobo

Uncertain; possibly from go-b(etween) (“intermediary, middleman”) + -o (suffix forming informal terms).

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions

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These source reports extend Wiktionary’s work through Kaikki / Wiktextract, with attribution and visible extraction limits. A relationship mentioned in a source is not automatically the immediate parent of a word. Newly written research analyses cite their own references. The reviewed graph has a separate evidence contract and counter.

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