*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of gleam

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley-der. Proto-Germanic *glaimiz Proto-West Germanic *glaimi Old English glǣm Middle English glem English gleam From Middle English glem, gleam, gleme (“shaft of light; reflected lig

3 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 3 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
noun

An appearance of light, especially one which is indistinct or small, or short-lived. · An indistinct sign of something; a glimpse or hint. · A bright, but intermittent or short-lived, appearance of something. · A look of joy or liveliness on one's face.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley-der. Proto-Germanic *glaimiz Proto-West Germanic *glaimi Old English glǣm Middle English glem English gleam From Middle English glem, gleam, gleme (“shaft of light; reflected light; radiance; something ephemeral”), from Old English glǣm (“gleam”), from Proto-West Germanic *glaimi (“brightness; splendour”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley- (“to shine”). Cognates * German Low German Gleem (“shine, luster, gloss”) * Faroese glæma (“gleam, glimmer”) * Old High German glīmen (“to glow, shine”); gleimo, glīmo (“glowworm”) (Middle High German glīme, gleime) * Old Saxon glīmo (“brightness”)

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionglemenm
  • Inherited-form mentionglǣmang · gleam
  • Inherited-form mention*glaimigmw-pro · brightness; splendour
  • Inherited-form mention*ǵʰley-ine-pro · to shine
  • Cognate mentionglæmafo · gleam, glimmer
  • Cognate mentionglīmengoh · to glow, shine
  • Cognate mentionglīmegmh
  • Cognate mentionglīmoosx · brightness

This page abbreviates 2 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "ety",
      "args": {
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        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "enm:glem",
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    {
      "name": "inh",
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        "2": "ang",
        "3": "glǣm",
        "t": "gleam"
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      "name": "inh",
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      "name": "cog",
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      "glem",
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      "pos": "noun",
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        "An appearance of light, especially one which is indistinct or small, or short-lived.",
        "An indistinct sign of something; a glimpse or hint.",
        "A bright, but intermittent or short-lived, appearance of something.",
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
verb

Chiefly in conjunction with an adverb: to cause (light) to shine. · To shine, especially in an indistinct or intermittent manner; to glisten, to glitter. · To be strongly but briefly apparent.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰley-der. Proto-Germanic *glaimiz Proto-West Germanic *glaimi Old English glǣm Middle English glem Proto-Indo-European *-o- Proto-Indo-European *-nom Proto-Indo-European *-onom Proto-Germanic *-aną Proto-Indo-European *-yeti Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti Proto-Germanic *-janą Old English -an Middle English -en Middle English glemen English gleam From Middle English glemen (“to shine; to glance, look”), from glem, gleme (noun) (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming the infinitive of verbs). Cognate with German Low German glemen (“to glow, shine”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionglemenenm · to shine; to glance, look
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "1": "en",
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      "name": "inh",
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    },
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    },
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    ],
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    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-aną"
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      "etymology 1",
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Source etymology 3

Original entry ↗
verb

Of a hawk or other bird of prey: to disgorge filth from its crop or gorge.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

A variant of Middle English gleimen, gleym (“to smear; to make slimy or sticky; to fill up (the stomach); to nauseate; of a slimy or viscous substance: to be stuck together; (figuratively) to captivate, ensnare; to infect with heresy”) [and other forms], probably a blend of glet (“slimy or viscous matter produced by animals; mucus, phlegm; congestion of mucus or phlegm in the body; viscosity”), gleu (“substance used to stick things together, glue; viscous medicine made from plants”), etc. + Old Norse kleima (“to daub, smear”) (whence Old English clǣman (“to smear”)) (ultimately from Proto-Germanic *klaimijaną (“to smear with clay, to mortar”), from *klaimaz (“clay; mortar”), from Proto-Indo-European *gleh₁y- (“to glue, stick; to smear”)).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Root classification mention*gleh₁y-ine-pro
  • Inherited-form mentiongleimenenm
  • Derivation mentionkleimanon · to daub, smear
  • Cognate mentionclǣmanang · to smear
  • Derivation mention*klaimijanągem-pro · to smear with clay, to mortar
  • Derivation mention*gleh₁y-ine-pro · to glue, stick; to smear
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      "name": "inh",
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    ]
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        "Of a hawk or other bird of prey: to disgorge filth from its crop or gorge."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

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Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-Z2xlYW0