Source etymology 1
Original entry ↗A state of heat and light being emitted by a hot object. · A state of heat being emitted by a person or an animal's body. · A state of light being emitted by something (for example, a bioluminescent animal or fungus, or a mineral) which is not hot; luminescence. · A state of brightness or warmth of colour; specifically, a reddish colour on a person's face indicating health or youth; a flush.
To emit heat and light without a flame. · Of a fire: to emit heat and light. · To emit light brightly and steadily as if heated to a high temperature; to shine. · To be very hot; also, to be on fire; to burn.
The verb is derived from Middle English glouen, glowen (“to give off heat and light without flame; of a thing: to be heated until red hot; to be brightly coloured; to shine brightly; (figurative) to be filled with emotion; of the face, etc.: to turn red, flush; etc.”), and then either: * from Old English glōwan (“to glow”) (a strong verb), from Proto-West Germanic *glōan (“to glow”); or * because the Middle English and modern English words are weak verbs, possibly from Old Norse *glówa, thought to be a variant of glóa (“to glow”), also a weak verb; both from Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to glow”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰleh₁- (“to shine, glow; to be shining, glowing”). Possibly a doublet of glass. The noun is derived from the verb. cognates * Dutch gloeien * Finnish loistaa * German glühen * Norwegian glo * Old Norse glóa (Danish glo, Icelandic glóa, Swedish glo) * Saterland Frisian gloie, glöie, gluuje * West Frisian gloeie
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*ǵʰleh₁-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionglouenenm
- Inherited-form mentionglōwanang · to glow
- Inherited-form mention*glōangmw-pro · to glow
- Derivation mention*glówanon
- Inherited-form mention*glōanągem-pro · to glow
- Derivation mention*ǵʰleh₁-ine-pro · to shine, glow; to be shining, glowing
- Doublet mentionglassen
- Cognate mentiongloeiennl
- Cognate mentionloistaafi
- Cognate mentionglühende
- Cognate mentionglono
- Cognate mentionglóanon
- Cognate mentiongloda
- Cognate mentionglóais
- Cognate mentionglosv
- Cognate mentiongloiestq
- Cognate mentiongloeiefy
This page abbreviates 9 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰleh₁-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "lg",
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "glouen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English glouen"
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "glōwan",
"t": "to glow"
},
"expansion": "Old English glōwan (“to glow”)"
},
{
"name": "lg",
"args": {
"1": "strong verb"
},
"expansion": "strong verb"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*glōan",
"t": "to glow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *glōan (“to glow”)"
},
{
"name": "lg",
"args": {
"1": "weak verb"
},
"expansion": "weak verb"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "*glówa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse *glówa"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*glōaną",
"t": "to glow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to glow”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰleh₁-",
"t": "to shine, glow; to be shining, glowing"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰleh₁- (“to shine, glow; to be shining, glowing”)"
},
{
"name": "doublet",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glass",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "doublet of glass"
},
{
"name": "lg",
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun"
},
{
"name": "col-top",
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cognates"
},
"expansion": "cognates"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gloeien"
},
"expansion": "Dutch gloeien"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "loistaa"
},
"expansion": "Finnish loistaa"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "glühen"
},
"expansion": "German glühen"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "glo"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian glo"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "glóa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse glóa"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "glo"
},
"expansion": "Danish glo"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "glóa"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic glóa"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "glo"
},
"expansion": "Swedish glo"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "gloie"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian gloie"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "gloeie"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian gloeie"
}
],
"links": [
[
"glouen",
"glouen#Middle_English"
],
[
"glowen",
"glowen#Middle_English"
],
[
"glōwan",
"glowan#Old_English"
],
[
"*glōan",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/glōan"
],
[
"*glówa",
"Reconstruction:Old Norse/glówa"
],
[
"glóa",
"glóa#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*glōaną",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/glōaną"
],
[
"*ǵʰleh₁-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰleh₁-"
],
[
"glass",
"glass#English"
],
[
"gloeien",
"gloeien#Dutch"
],
[
"loistaa",
"loistaa#Finnish"
],
[
"glühen",
"glühen#German"
],
[
"glo",
"glo#Norwegian"
],
[
"glóa",
"glóa#Old_Norse"
],
[
"glo",
"glo#Danish"
],
[
"glóa",
"glóa#Icelandic"
],
[
"glo",
"glo#Swedish"
],
[
"gloie",
"gloie#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"glöie",
"glöie#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"gluuje",
"gluuje#Saterland_Frisian"
],
[
"gloeie",
"gloeie#West_Frisian"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A state of heat and light being emitted by a hot object.",
"A state of heat being emitted by a person or an animal's body.",
"A state of light being emitted by something (for example, a bioluminescent animal or fungus, or a mineral) which is not hot; luminescence.",
"A state of brightness or warmth of colour; specifically, a reddish colour on a person's face indicating health or youth; a flush."
],
"tags": [
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],
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{
"pos": "verb",
"glosses": [
"To emit heat and light without a flame.",
"Of a fire: to emit heat and light.",
"To emit light brightly and steadily as if heated to a high temperature; to shine.",
"To be very hot; also, to be on fire; to burn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
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"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 9,
"glosses": 0
}
}