The English source dictionary · partial corpus coverage

English word origins · page 19

35,981 permanent word records. Read the source etymologies, inspect mentioned relationships and see where the evidence stops. These are not 35,981 independently reviewed deep dives.

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Page 19 of 180

Bundu

Source etymology material for Bundu; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bundy

Etymology tree English Bundaberg Proto-Germanic *-j-, *-ij- Proto-West Germanic *-i, *-ī Old English -iġ Middle English -y English -y English Bundy From Bundaberg + -y (“diminutive suffix”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

Bungi

1776 sense of people, 1951 language. From Algonquian, compare Cree ᐸᐦᑭ (pahki, “part, thing, a little”), Ojibwe bangii (“part, thing, a little”)/ᐸᓐᑶ.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Bunhe

From Ukrainian Бу́нге (Búnhe).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Buniv

From Ukrainian Бу́нів (Búniv).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bunke

Borrowed from German Bunke.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bunky

From bunkie.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bunn

* As an English surname, variant of Bone. * As a German surname, perhaps a variant of Bunde.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bunny

From bunny, after the group’s rabbit motif.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bunte

Borrowed from German Bunte.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Three possible origins: * Borrowed from French Bur, probably a short form of an ancient Germanic personal name. * Borrowed from Alemannic German Bur (“peasant, farmer”) and Low German Bur (“peasant, farmer”). * Borrowed

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

Buran

From the Russian бура́н (burán, “snowstorm”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Buraq

Borrowed from Arabic البُرَاق (al-burāq).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Burby

English habitational surname from a lost or unidentified place, probably from Old Norse in view of the suffix -by.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burch

From Middle English birche (“birch”), from Old English bierċe, from Proto-West Germanic *birkijā, from Proto-Germanic *birkijǭ.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

Burdo

* As a Jewish surname, variant of Burda. * As a French surname, variant of Bourdeau. * As an Italian surname, from the Germanic personal name Burdo, perhaps from Frankish *burg (“fortress”), similar to the first element

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

Burg

Clipping of Burgundy.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burge

A variant of Bridge reflecting metathetic forms of bridge that occur in some traditional dialects of southern and western England (compare Yola burge).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

Burgh

From the Anglo-Norman word burgh.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burgo

From the Latinised word for burgh.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Buri

Borrowed from Latin Būrī.

2 source sections · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

Burin

Likely derived from Basque buru (“head”), referring here to a headland or promontory.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Burk

Variant of Burke.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burke

From an Anglo-Norman pronunciation of burg.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burla

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Burla.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Burma

Borrowed, initially into British English, from Burmese ဗမာ (ba.ma), colloquial form of မြန်မာ (mranma); see Myanmar for more. The r in Burma was not originally pronounced (and is not present in the Burmese term), the -ur

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Burn

* The surname is of English origin, variant of Bourne. * The placename in Yorkshire is likely related to the suffix -burn, found in placenames such as Woodburn, Glusburn, etc., from burn (“stream”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

Burne

English surname, variant of Bourne.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Burns

* As a Scottish surname, from several places such as Burnis, Burnes, Burnhouse, containing the noun burn (“stream”). * As an English and Scottish surname, variant of Burn or Barnes. * As an Irish surname, Anglicized from

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions

Burpo

Variant of Burpeau.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bursa

From Turkish Bursa, from Ottoman Turkish بورسه (Brusa), from Medieval Greek Προῦσα (Proûsa), from Ancient Greek Προυσίας (Prousías, “Prusias”) + -α (-a). Doublet of Prusa.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

Burts

Probably an altered spelling of German Buss.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bury

The place name means "fort," from Old English burg. Doublet of borough, Brough, and burgh.

1 source section · 4 relationship mentions

Buryn

From Ukrainian Бури́нь (Burýnʹ).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Busan

Borrowed from Korean 부산(釜山) (Busan).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Busby

From Old Norse buskr (“bush”) + býr (“homestead, village”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Busch

From the German surname, from Busch (“thicket, wood”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Busco

Clipping of Churubusco, from Spanish Churubusco, from Classical Nahuatl Huitzilopochco, from Huitzilopochtli (name of a god) + -co (locative suffix).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Bush

Either the family name for those who live near a bush or a thicket of bushes, or the family name for those living at or near a bush (in the archaic sense of wine merchant or tavern).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

Busk

From Creek puskita, pusketv (“a fast”).

3 source sections · 4 relationship mentions

Buss

* Occupational surname for a cooper, from Old French busse (“cask, barrel”). * Cognominal surname for someone rotund, like a barrel. * Toponymic surname for someone living or working near a bush or thicket of bushes, fro

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Busse

From the German surname, spelling variant of Buss, itself a pet form of Burkhard. Also from a derivative of Proto-West Germanic *buhsā (“box, firelock”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

Bute

Perhaps a variant of Butt.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Butin

Either from French Butin or Russian Бутин (Butin).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Buto

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βουτώ (Boutṓ), from Egyptian wAD-t-I12 (wꜣḏt (literally “green one”)), an allusion to the skin of the cobra. Doublet of Wadjet.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

Butt

* As an English surname, from Middle English butte (“target, goal”), from French but (“target, aim”). * Also as an English surname, from butte (“isolated hill”). * Also as an English surname, from butt (sense 3) (“cask,

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Butte

Perhaps a variant spelling of Butt.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Buyan

From Russian Буя́н (Buján). See there for further information.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Buys

Borrowed from Dutch Buijs.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Buzby

Variant of Busby.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Buzek

From Polish Buzek, Czech Buzek, and Czech Bůžek.

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

Buzău

Borrowed from Romanian Buzău.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bwiti

From Fang (Bantu) Bwiti.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Byler

Blend of Byers + Wheeler.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

Byles

Variant of Biles.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Byrn

Variant of Byrne.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Byrne

Reduced Anglicized form of Irish Ó Broin (“descendant of Bran”), a personal name based on bran (“raven”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Byron

A habitational surname from Old English byrum (“at the byre or cattleshed”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bytów

Unadapted borrowing from Polish Bytów.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Byun

Borrowed from Korean 변 (byeon).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Byzas

Learned borrowing from Latin Bȳzās, from Ancient Greek Βύζας (Búzas).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Bzdak

Borrowed from Polish Bzdak.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bzdek

Borrowed from Polish Bzdek.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bzeek

Borrowed from Arabic بِزِّيك (bizzīk).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bzyb

Borrowed from Russian Бзыбь (Bzybʹ), from Georgian ბზა (bza). Further etymology uncertain, but thought to be related ბზა (bza, “box tree”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Báb

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَاب (bāb, literally “the Gate”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bábí

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَابِی (bābī). By surface analysis, Báb + -í.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Bái

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 白 (Bái).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bârla

From Romanian Bârla.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bârna

From Romanian Bârna.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bârsa

From Romanian Bârsa.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Béarn

Unadapted borrowing from French Béarn.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bône

From French Bône, from Latin Hipponem, accusative of Hippo.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

Bøur

Borrowed from Faroese Bøur.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Büşra

From Turkish Büşra.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Băcia

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Băcia.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Băiuș

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Băiuș.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Băița

From Romanian Băița.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bălan

Unadapted borrowing from Romanian Bălan.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Bălți

From Romanian Bălți, from bălți, plural of baltă (“pond, puddle”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

C

The programming language is so named because it followed on from an earlier language called B.

3 source sections · 1 relationship mention

C$

Abbreviation of Confederate + $ (“dollar”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C++

From the name of the C language (on which it was based) and ++, the increment operator in both languages, suggesting an addition to C.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

C++er

From C++ + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C-

Clipping of Chinese.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C--

From the name of the C language (on which it was based) and --, the decrement operator in both languages, coined as an inside joke, indicating that C-- is a reduced form of C.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

C-pop

From C- (“Chinese”) + pop, by analogy with J-pop.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C/P

Initialism from the names Chakotay and Paris.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C64

Shortening.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

C86

Named after C86, a compilation cassette released in 1986 by NME magazine on which independent rock featured heavily. The album title itself was a play on the labelling and length of blank compact cassettes—commonly C60,

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

C9

From the esports company Cloud9, as its Overwatch division lost two games in a row in season 2 of the tournament Overwatch Apex by forgetting about the objective.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

CAFAB

Source etymology material for CAFAB; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CAMUS

Acronym of Corps of Army Music, which is the erstwhile name of the corps.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CAN

Abbreviation

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CAU

Borrowed from German CAU (“Christian-Albrechts-Universität”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CBD's

CBD + -'s

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CBOR

Sometimes interpreted as a backronym formed from the author's name, Professor Carsten Bormann.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CBP

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CBer

From CB + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CCA

Abbreviation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CCAV

Blend of CCTV (“China Central Television”) + AV (“adult video”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

CCCP

Orthographic borrowing from Russian СССР (SSSR), abbreviation of Союз Советских Социалистических Республик (Sojuz Sovetskix Socialističeskix Respublik, “(The) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

CCITT

Borrowed from French CCITT (“Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique”) (International Consultative Committee on Telephony and Telegraphy).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention

CCS1

Blend of CCS + 1 (“Type 1”).

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

CCS2

Blend of CCS + 2 (“Type 2”)

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

CD

Abbreviation of various terms and phrases.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD-E

Initialism of compact disk – erasable.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD10

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD103

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD117

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD135

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD15

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD19

from Cluster of Differentiation number 19

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD20

from Cluster of Differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD21

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD22

from cluster of differentiation-22

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD3

From compact disc.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD35

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD38

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD4

Initialism of cluster of differentiation type 4.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD40

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD43

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD45

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD46

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD5

from Compact Disc

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD52

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD54

from Cluster of Differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD79a

from cluster of differentiation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CD8

Initialism of cluster of differentiation type 8.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CDAD

Initialism of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, Clostridium difficile-associated disease.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CDG

Borrowed from Spanish CDG (“Cártel del Golfo”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CDer

From CD + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CED

Initialisms or acronyms

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CERN

From the French acronym.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CFK

Generally inserted in English texts by mostly Dutch speakers who assume the initialism for chloorfluorkoolstofverbinding is also CFK in English. As carbon is spelled with a C and koolstof with a K, the initialisms are al

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

CFLer

From CFL + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CFNF

Initialism of clothed female, naked (or sometimes nude) female.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CFNM

Initialism of clothed female, naked (or sometimes nude) male.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CFT

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CFX

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CHON

From translingual C + translingual H + translingual O + translingual N. From translingual CHON.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CHPer

From CHP + -er.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions · brief record

CHSLD

From French CHSLD.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CHe

Source etymology material for CHe; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CI/CD

Initialism of continuous integration / continuous delivery or continuous deployment.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CIA

Source etymology material for CIA; no narrative etymology was supplied in this snapshot.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CICM

Initialism of Latin Congregatio Immaculati Cordis Mariae (“Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CIPS

Abbreviation.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CIS

Initialisms.

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CJNG

Borrowed from Spanish CJNG (initialism of Cártel de Jalisco Nueva Generación).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CLSC

Borrowed from French CLSC.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CLU

Clipping of cluster, a concept equivalent to classes in object-oriented programming.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CM

Sense "commercial" is a borrowing from Japanese CM (CM, “commercial video ad”), from English commercial + message.

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

CMNF

Initialism of clothed male, naked (or sometimes nude) female.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CMOS

From C (“complementary”) + MOS.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CMYB

The B stands for black. Initialism of cyan, magenta, yellow, black.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CMZ

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CMZS

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CNDer

From CND + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CNNer

From CNN + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COBOL

Acronym of common business-oriented language, perhaps coined by American computer scientist and aerospace engineer Bob Bemer.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions

CODA

Acronym of child of deaf adults.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COLA

Acronym

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COMAL

Acronym of common algorithmic language, inspired by ALGOL (“algorithmic language”).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYB

From COY- + Blues or COY- + Brentford.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYG

From COY- + Gunners.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYH

From COY- + Hatters, COY- + Hammers or COY- + Hornets.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYI

From COY- + Irons.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYL

From COY- + Lions.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYM

From COY- + Magpies or COY- + Mauves.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYP

From COY- + Palace or COY- + Pompey.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYR

From COY- + Reds or COY- + Rams.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYRs

From COY- + Rs.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYS

From COY- + Spurs and COY- + Seagulls.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYT

From COY- + Toffees.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

COYW

From COY- + Whites or COY- + Wolves.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CP/M

Abbreviation of Control Program/Monitor, later explained as Control Program for Microcomputers.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CPDL

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CPDLC

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CPSA

Initialisms

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CQ

Abbreviation

2 source sections · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CR

Probably from Latin crēdēre; compare DR.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CR7

From Cristiano Ronaldo's initials (CR) and his playing number (7).

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CRFI

Coined by American author Virgie Tovar in 2017.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CRG

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CRIME

Short for compression ratio info-leak made easy, chosen to spell the word crime.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CSSer

From CSS + -er.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CSU

Abbreviation

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CSW

Abbreviation. The SOWPODS synonym derives from "Collins Scrabble Words".

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CU

Abbreviation.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CUM

An acronym of Canada, United States, and Mexico; sequenced north to south and humorously made to spell out "cum."

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CV

Abbreviation. * (anime, Japanimation): From Japanese CV (CV), from English character+voice * (aircraft carrier): Initialism of cruiser (“croiseur”) + French voler (“to fly”).

1 source section · 3 relationship mentions

CVH

* (helicopter carrier): CV (“aircraft carrier”) + H (“helicopter”)

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

CVL

* (light carrier): CV (“aircraft carrier”) + L (“light”)

1 source section · 2 relationship mentions

CVN

Initialism for Cruiser Voler Nuclear. See French voler (“to fly”).

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

CVPI

Initialism.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CW

Abbreviation

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

CYLOR

Initialism of consult your local Orthodox rabbi.

1 source section · 0 relationship mentions · brief record

Cab

Clipping of Cabernet Sauvignon.

2 source sections · 1 relationship mention · brief record

Cabe

Reduced form of MacCabe or McCabe, anglicized form of Irish Mac Cába.

1 source section · 1 relationship mention · brief record

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Read the layers separately

These source reports extend Wiktionary’s work through Kaikki / Wiktextract, with attribution and visible extraction limits. A relationship mentioned in a source is not automatically the immediate parent of a word. Newly written research analyses cite their own references. The reviewed graph has a separate evidence contract and counter.

The full multilingual corpus remains local; this directory covers only the bounded English slice. See exactly what has been acquired and published →