Unnumbered source etymology
Original entry ↗A nonzero, unspecified proportion of (a bounded set of countable things): at least two. · A nonzero, unspecified quantity or number of (an unbounded set of countable things). · An unspecified amount of (something uncountable). · A certain, an unspecified or unknown.
Of a measurement: approximately, roughly. · To a certain extent, or for a certain period. · Somewhat, a little.
A certain number (multiple but not all). · An indefinite quantity. · An indefinite amount; a part. Used mostly with abstract and nonliving objects. · Someone, a certain person.
From Middle English som, sum, from Old English sum (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-West Germanic *sum, from Proto-Germanic *sumaz (“some, a certain one”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, whole”). Cognate Scots sum, some (“some”), North Frisian som, sam, säm (“some”), West Frisian sommige, somlike (“some”), dialectal Dutch som, saom (“some”), standard Dutch sommige (“some”), Low German somige (“some”), German dialectal summige (“some”), Danish somme (“some”), Swedish somlig (“some”), Norwegian sum, som (“some”), Icelandic sumur (“some”), Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 (sums, “one, someone”). More at same.
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*sem-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionsomenm
- Inherited-form mentionsumang
- Inherited-form mention*sumgmw-pro
- Inherited-form mention*sumazgem-pro
- Derivation mention*sem-ine-pro
- Cognate mentionsumsco
- Cognate mentionsomfrr
- Cognate mentionsommigefy
- Cognate mentionsomnl
- Cognate mentionsommigenl
- Cognate mentionsomigends
- Cognate mentionsommeda
- Cognate mentionsomligsv
- Cognate mentionsumno
- Cognate mentionsumuris
- Cognate mention𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃got
This page abbreviates 4 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sem-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "som"
},
"expansion": "Middle English som"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "sum",
"4": "",
"5": "some, a certain one"
},
"expansion": "Old English sum (“some, a certain one”)"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*sum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *sum"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*sumaz",
"4": "",
"5": "some, a certain one"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sumaz (“some, a certain one”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sem-",
"4": "",
"5": "one, whole"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“one, whole”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Scots sum"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian som"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "sommige"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian sommige"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "som"
},
"expansion": "Dutch som"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "sommige",
"3": "",
"4": "some"
},
"expansion": "Dutch sommige (“some”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "somige",
"3": "",
"4": "some"
},
"expansion": "Low German somige (“some”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "German"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "somme",
"3": "",
"4": "some"
},
"expansion": "Danish somme (“some”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "somlig",
"3": "",
"4": "some"
},
"expansion": "Swedish somlig (“some”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "sum"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian sum"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "sumur",
"3": "",
"4": "some"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic sumur (“some”)"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "one, someone"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 (sums, “one, someone”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"som",
"som#Middle_English"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Middle_English"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Old_English"
],
[
"*sum",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sum"
],
[
"*sumaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaz"
],
[
"*sem-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sem-"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Scots"
],
[
"some",
"some#Scots"
],
[
"som",
"som#North_Frisian"
],
[
"sam",
"sam#North_Frisian"
],
[
"säm",
"säm#North_Frisian"
],
[
"sommige",
"sommige#West_Frisian"
],
[
"somlike",
"somlike#West_Frisian"
],
[
"som",
"som#Dutch"
],
[
"saom",
"saom#Dutch"
],
[
"sommige",
"sommige#Dutch"
],
[
"somige",
"somige#Low_German"
],
[
"summige",
"summige#German"
],
[
"somme",
"somme#Danish"
],
[
"somlig",
"somlig#Swedish"
],
[
"sum",
"sum#Norwegian"
],
[
"som",
"som#Norwegian"
],
[
"sumur",
"sumur#Icelandic"
],
[
"𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃",
"𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃#Gothic"
],
[
"same",
"same#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "det",
"glosses": [
"A nonzero, unspecified proportion of (a bounded set of countable things): at least two.",
"A nonzero, unspecified quantity or number of (an unbounded set of countable things).",
"An unspecified amount of (something uncountable).",
"A certain, an unspecified or unknown."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "21d638019afc0f4ff51dc5163dca8b8f1d5c0bfe3f240d0162158dc72664c083",
"rawRecordSha256": "2998abd06ddede31d149c563326eb3a67446adf14bb25440d8977813a5a52604",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 15240
},
{
"pos": "adv",
"glosses": [
"Of a measurement: approximately, roughly.",
"To a certain extent, or for a certain period.",
"Somewhat, a little."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable",
"dialectal"
],
"recordId": "77fe38bbcb810d39ff14bc2de6fcb2143620e1373a999e6bf2a265ee161b2968",
"rawRecordSha256": "36c704b02727b99aabbf10a416e51064da9ce3f6987e468ac76db1f3c1115a0b",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 15241
},
{
"pos": "pron",
"glosses": [
"A certain number (multiple but not all).",
"An indefinite quantity.",
"An indefinite amount; a part. Used mostly with abstract and nonliving objects.",
"Someone, a certain person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"recordId": "e4f4fce27e6d0146e9865b931fd7cfda3f40728623399a08f95536cc3edb3038",
"rawRecordSha256": "dbaad7e0c90d13bb146358a845f57ac0edb237b8f03945c1894cbce865e074bf",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 15239
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
"templates": 0,
"links": 0,
"references": 0,
"descendants": 0,
"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 4,
"glosses": 0
}
}