*SET-U

English word origin

Etymology of sore

From Middle English sor, from Old English sār (“ache, wound”, noun) and sār (“painful, grievous”, adjective), from Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz (adjective) from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂iro-, en

2 source sectionsExtended source reportWiktionary original ↗
In this entry · 2 source sections

The source etymologies

Wiktionary via Kaikki / Wiktextract

The source reports below are imported and unreviewed by *SET-U. Separate numbered origins and differing source variants are preserved; agreement within this extraction is not independent corroboration.

Source etymology 1

Original entry ↗
adv

Very, excessively, extremely (of something bad). · Sorely.

adj

Causing pain or discomfort; painfully sensitive. · Sensitive; tender; easily pained, grieved, or vexed; very susceptible of irritation. · Dire; distressing. · Feeling animosity towards someone; annoyed or angered.

verb

To mutilate the legs or feet of (a horse) in order to induce a particular gait. · To grow sores; to be beset with skin lesions.

noun

An injured, infected, inflamed or diseased patch of skin. · Grief; affliction; trouble; difficulty.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English sor, from Old English sār (“ache, wound”, noun) and sār (“painful, grievous”, adjective), from Proto-West Germanic *sair, from Proto-Germanic *sairaz (adjective) from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂iro-, enlargement of *seh₂y- (“to be fierce, afflict”). See also Dutch zeer (“sore, ache”), Danish sår (“wound”), German sehr (“very”); also Hittite [script needed] (sāwar, “anger”), Welsh hoed (“pain”), Ancient Greek αἱμωδία (haimōdía, “sensation of having teeth on edge”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

This page abbreviates 1 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.

Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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        "3": "sor"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English sor"
    },
    {
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      "args": {
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        "2": "ang",
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        "4": "",
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    },
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "3": "",
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      },
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    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "2": "sår",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wound"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish sår (“wound”)"
    },
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      "name": "cog",
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        "2": "sehr",
        "3": "",
        "4": "very"
      },
      "expansion": "German sehr (“very”)"
    },
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        "2": "",
        "3": "",
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    },
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    }
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      "sar#Old_English"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sair"
    ],
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      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sairaz"
    ],
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    ],
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        "Causing pain or discomfort; painfully sensitive.",
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        "Dire; distressing.",
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Source etymology 2

Original entry ↗
noun

A young hawk or falcon in its first year. · A young buck in its fourth year.

Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventory

From Middle English sor (“sorrel”), from Old French sor (“sorrel; reddish”). Compare French saur (“(archaic) reddish-brown; describing a young bird of prey”).

Relationships mentioned by the source

These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.

  • Inherited-form mentionsorenm · sorrel
  • Derivation mentionsorfro
  • Cognate mentionsaurfr
Inspect preserved source fields

Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.

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      },
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    },
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      "args": {
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        "2": "fro",
        "3": "sor",
        "4": "",
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      },
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    },
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    },
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      "saur#French"
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        "A young hawk or falcon in its first year.",
        "A young buck in its fourth year."
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Where this record stops

This page does not supply an independently verified sound-change sequence, first-use manuscript or complete family tree unless a cited analysis explicitly establishes one. Missing detail here is a limit of this record—not a claim that humanity knows nothing more.

An older meaning does not determine what a word must mean today. Follow the sources, preserve disagreements, and keep ancestry separate from interpretation.

Contribute located evidence for sore →

Source and snapshot

Imported from Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Selected fields are reformatted and grouped; wording, source identity and etymology sections are retained. CC-BY-SA-4.0 applies to the imported source material.

Dump: 2026-10-01 · Extracted: 2026-10-30. These are snapshot dates, not the word’s first attestation or the page’s revision date.

Source entry and bibliography ↗Wiktionary revision history ↗Acquisition and rights ledger
Machine-source provenance
Source SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
Import run
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
Permanent entry ID
w-c29yZQ