Unnumbered source etymology · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗A letter, or character, used in the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons. · A letter from any visually similar script, such as Hungarian runes (the Old Hungarian script) or Turkic runes (the Old Turkic script). · A Finnic or Scandinavian epic poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala. · A letter or mark used as a mystical or magic symbol.
Etymology tree Proto-Celtic *rūnābor.? Proto-Germanic *rūnō Proto-Germanic *rūnǭ Proto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo) Old Norse rúnbor. English rune Borrowed from Old Norse rún, which is from Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”), which is borrowed either from Proto-Celtic *rūnā or from the same source as it; compare Dutch rune, German Rune, Raune, Danish rune and Swedish runa. Compare roun. ; Finnic epic poem ; "code point"
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
This page abbreviates 3 auxiliary source items. The etymology narrative is not shortened. Omission counts are available in the audit fields below; consult the original for complete auxiliary material.
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "non:rún",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Celtic *rūnābor.?\nProto-Germanic *rūnō\nProto-Germanic *rūnǭ\nProto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo)\nOld Norse rúnbor.\nEnglish rune\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*rūnǭ\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Celtic\", \"term\" : \"*rūnā\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"cel-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*rūnō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Norse\", \"term\" : \"ᚱᚢᚾᛟ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmq-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Norse\", \"term\" : \"rún\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"non\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"rune\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"rune\">"
},
{
"name": "bor",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "rún"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rún"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rūnō",
"4": "",
"5": "letter, literature, secret"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūnō (“letter, literature, secret”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*rūnā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *rūnā"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rune"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rune"
},
"expansion": "German Rune"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rune"
},
"expansion": "Danish rune"
},
{
"name": "cog",
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "runa"
},
"expansion": "Swedish runa"
},
{
"name": "etymon",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "non:rún",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Celtic *rūnābor.?\nProto-Germanic *rūnō\nProto-Germanic *rūnǭ\nProto-Norse ᚱᚢᚾᛟ (runo)\nOld Norse rúnbor.\nEnglish rune"
}
],
"links": [
[
"*rūnā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/rūnā"
],
[
"*rūnō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūnō"
],
[
"ᚱᚢᚾᛟ",
"ᚱᚢᚾᛟ#Proto-Norse"
],
[
"rún",
"rún#Old_Norse"
],
[
"rún",
"rún#Old_Norse"
],
[
"*rūnō",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rūnō"
],
[
"*rūnā",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/rūnā"
],
[
"rune",
"rune#Dutch"
],
[
"Rune",
"Rune#German"
],
[
"Raune",
"Raune#German"
],
[
"rune",
"rune#Danish"
],
[
"runa",
"runa#Swedish"
],
[
"roun",
"roun#English"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A letter, or character, used in the written language of various ancient Germanic peoples, especially the Scandinavians and the Anglo-Saxons.",
"A letter from any visually similar script, such as Hungarian runes (the Old Hungarian script) or Turkic runes (the Old Turkic script).",
"A Finnic or Scandinavian epic poem, or a division of one, especially a division of the Kalevala.",
"A letter or mark used as a mystical or magic symbol."
],
"tags": [],
"recordId": "b2513eb7970dc4ec8577aedd08d4e121c1f4bb45f0d3bfc848828e0218b1ccc7",
"rawRecordSha256": "87f34e3283c914e890e678dcee4de2abde6ff0f82bb9c29e6fa7b003c9595972",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 232945
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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"lexicalRecords": 0,
"lexicalSenses": 3,
"glosses": 0
}
}