Source etymology 1 · variant 1/2
Original entry ↗noun
Selected source glosses provide context, not a complete modern definition inventoryA form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar. · The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note). · Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”).
From the name of Rugby School in Rugby, in Warwickshire, England, United Kingdom, where the modern game was developed in the 19th century. The place name Rugby is attested in the Domesday Book as Old English Rocheberie (probably equivalent to rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)), possibly from *Hrōcebyriġ, dative singular of *Hrōceburh, from hrōc (“rook”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)) + burh, burg (“castle, fort, stronghold; city; town”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)).
Relationships mentioned by the source
These are extracted mentions, not a timeline or a verified sequence of immediate parents.
- Root classification mention*ker-ine-pro
- Root classification mention*bʰerǵʰ-ine-pro
- Inherited-form mentionRocheberieang
- Derivation mention*ker-ine-pro · to crow
- Derivation mention*bʰerǵʰ-ine-pro · hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise
Inspect preserved source fields
Raw extraction fields are retained for auditing. Their order does not establish ancestry.
{
"templates": [
{
"name": "root",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"4": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": ""
},
{
"name": "sup",
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹"
},
{
"name": "inh",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "Rocheberie"
},
"expansion": "Old English Rocheberie"
},
{
"name": "taxfmt",
"args": {
"1": "Corvus frugilegus",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Corvus frugilegus"
},
{
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"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix"
},
{
"name": "suffix",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rook",
"3": "by",
"t1": "Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family",
"pos2": "suffix indicating a village or town",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "rook (“Corvus frugilegus, a bird of the crow family”) + -by (suffix indicating a village or town)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-",
"t": "to crow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ker- (“to crow”)"
},
{
"name": "der",
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-",
"t": "hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ- (“hill, mountain; high, lofty; to rise”)"
}
],
"links": [
[
"Rugby",
"Rugby"
],
[
"Warwickshire",
"Warwickshire"
],
[
"England",
"England"
],
[
"United Kingdom",
"United Kingdom"
],
[
"Rugby",
"Rugby#English"
],
[
"Rocheberie",
"Rocheberie#Old_English"
],
[
"rook",
"rook#English"
],
[
"Corvus frugilegus",
"Corvus frugilegus#Translingual"
],
[
"-by",
"-by#English"
],
[
"*Hrōcebyriġ",
"Reconstruction:Old English/Hrocebyrig"
],
[
"*Hrōceburh",
"Reconstruction:Old English/Hroceburh"
],
[
"hrōc",
"hroc#Old_English"
],
[
"*ker-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ker-"
],
[
"burh",
"burh#Old_English"
],
[
"burg",
"burg#Old_English"
],
[
"*bʰerǵʰ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰerǵʰ-"
]
],
"references": [],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"word": "rugbi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Cebuano",
"lang_code": "ceb",
"word": "ragbi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"word": "ragby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"word": "रग्बी",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ragbī"
},
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "rugbaí",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"word": "ラグビー",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "ragubī"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"word": "럭비",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "reokbi"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "règbis",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Malay",
"lang_code": "ms",
"word": "ragbi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"word": "регби",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "regbi"
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "rȁgbi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"word": "ра̏гби",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"word": "rugby",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
},
{
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"word": "รักบี้",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "rák-bîi"
},
{
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"word": "rygbi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
]
}
],
"lexical": [
{
"pos": "noun",
"glosses": [
"A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar.",
"The form of the game known as rugby union (see the usage note).",
"Ellipsis of rugby shirt (“a shirt of the kind worn by rugby players, usually short-sleeved and with a buttoned opening at the neck like a polo shirt, but with a stiffer collar”)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable",
"usually",
"specifically",
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"ellipsis"
],
"recordId": "f6da9aa0507ee88ff5ca80798f07723d3fd36cc76aef892c993d20402d257357",
"rawRecordSha256": "5da5ee103d65e7f3e9044d7babe9389df61543e741e2d82f648edc27008c9c0e",
"sourceRecordOrdinal": 226682
}
],
"omittedAuxiliaryFields": {
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}