*SET-U

THE GLOBAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

FAMILY ATLAS ↗

THE GENEALOGY, NOT THE GLOSSARY

NODE → EDGE → FAMILY → HUMAN LANGUAGE

THE WHOLE GRAPH.
NO INVENTED BRIDGES.

Every reviewed historical form and relationship in one navigable system. Where evidence connects families, the graph connects them. Where it does not, the space between them remains visible.

1061CANONICAL NODES

Attested forms, reconstructions, and explicit limits.

1025REVIEWED EDGES

Every relationship carries two change claims and evidence.

54EVIDENCE FAMILIES

Disconnected components stay disconnected.

133* RECONSTRUCTIONS

Inferred forms remain visibly different from records.

1669EDGE CITATIONS

515 distinct sources attached to relationships.

11DEEPEST GRAPH PATH

Topological steps, not a fabricated universal timescale.

01

THE WHOLE REVIEWED GRAPH

25 CONNECTED FAMILIES.
29 HONEST ISLANDS.

02 / SELECTED EVIDENCE COMPONENT

*lewbʰ-

lieb · Liebe · lief · liufs · love

ATTESTED* RECONSTRUCTEDBOUNDARYMODERN DOSSIERLATER FORM → EARLIER FORM
22MATCHING NODES
21MATCHING EDGES

The complete component remains visible. Filters emphasize matching evidence; they never amputate surrounding history.

LAYER 00LATERLAYER 01ROOTWARDLAYER 02ROOTWARDLAYER 03ROOTWARDLAYER 04ROOTWARDLAYER 05ROOTWARDLAYER 06HORIZONATTESTEDGermanlieb

dear, beloved, kind, pleasant, welcome

liebATTESTEDGermanLiebe

love; strong affection; a beloved person

LiebeATTESTEDDutchlief

dear, sweet, kind; substantivized, a beloved person

liefATTESTEDGothicliufs

dear, beloved

liufsATTESTEDPresent-Day Englishlove

deep affection; to feel deep affection

loveATTESTEDMiddle High Germanliebe

favor, affection, love

LiebeATTESTEDMiddle Dutchlief

dear, beloved, pleasant

liefATTESTEDMiddle High Germanliep

dear, beloved, pleasing

liebATTESTEDMiddle Englishlove / luve

love, affection, beloved person

loveATTESTEDOld High Germanliob

dear, beloved, pleasing

liebATTESTEDOld High Germanliubī

love, affection, esteem, pleasure, favor

LiebeATTESTEDOld Englishlufu

love, affection, friendliness

love* RECONSTRUCTEDProto-Germanic*leubaz

dear, beloved, pleasing

lief · liufs · lieb* RECONSTRUCTEDProto-Germanic*leubīn

love; affection as an abstract noun

Liebe* RECONSTRUCTEDProto-West Germanic*lubu

love

love* RECONSTRUCTEDProto-Germanic*lubō

love

love* RECONSTRUCTEDProto-Indo-European*lewbʰ-

to love, desire, care for

love · Liebe · lief +2KNOWLEDGE BOUNDARYBeyond secure reconstructionUNKNOWN

No securely reconstructed ancestor is currently known.

loveKNOWLEDGE BOUNDARYBeyond secure reconstructionUNKNOWN

No securely reviewed ancestor beyond the reconstructed desire-and-care root.

LiebeKNOWLEDGE BOUNDARYBeyond secure reconstructionUNKNOWN

No securely reviewed ancestor beyond the reconstructed desire-and-care root.

liefKNOWLEDGE BOUNDARYBeyond secure reconstructionUNKNOWN

No securely reviewed ancestor beyond the reconstructed desire-and-care root.

liufsKNOWLEDGE BOUNDARYBeyond secure reconstructionUNKNOWN

No securely reviewed ancestor beyond the reconstructed desire-and-care root.

lieb
EDGECHILD → PARENTRELATION / SCHOLARCONFIDENCEEVIDENCE
0001love → love / luve

inheritanceOED · Merriam-Webster

established1 citations / 1 sources ↗0002love / luve → lufu

inheritanceMiddle English Dictionary editors

established2 citations / 2 sources ↗0003lufu → *lubu

inheritanceKroonen · comparative Germanic evidence

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0004*lubu → *lubō

inheritanceKroonen 2013

probable1 citations / 1 sources ↗0005*lubō → *lewbʰ-

inheritancePokorny · Mallory & Adams

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0006*lewbʰ- → UNKNOWN

knowledge boundaryOpen research boundary

boundary1 citations / 1 sources ↗0282Liebe → liebe

historical continuationDudenredaktion

established1 citations / 1 sources ↗0283liebe → liubī

inheritanceDudenredaktion · Rosemarie Lühr

established2 citations / 2 sources ↗0284liubī → *leubīn

inheritanceRosemarie Lühr

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0285*leubīn → *lewbʰ-

derivationRosemarie Lühr · Guus Kroonen · University of Texas LRC

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0286*lewbʰ- → UNKNOWN

knowledge boundarySET-U editorial boundary

boundary1 citations / 1 sources ↗0287lief → lief

historical continuationInstituut voor de Nederlandse Taal editors · N. van Wijk

established2 citations / 2 sources ↗0288lief → *leubaz

inheritanceN. van Wijk · Guus Kroonen

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0289*leubaz → *lewbʰ-

inheritanceGuus Kroonen · University of Texas LRC

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0290*lewbʰ- → UNKNOWN

knowledge boundarySET-U editorial boundary

boundary1 citations / 1 sources ↗0291liufs → *leubaz

inheritanceGuus Kroonen · Wilhelm Streitberg · Project Wulfila editors

probable3 citations / 3 sources ↗0293*lewbʰ- → UNKNOWN

knowledge boundarySET-U editorial boundary

boundary1 citations / 1 sources ↗0294lieb → liep

historical continuationDudenredaktion

established1 citations / 1 sources ↗0295liep → liob

inheritanceDudenredaktion

established1 citations / 1 sources ↗0296liob → *leubaz

inheritanceDudenredaktion · Guus Kroonen

probable2 citations / 2 sources ↗0298*lewbʰ- → UNKNOWN

knowledge boundarySET-U editorial boundary

boundary1 citations / 1 sources ↗
03

HOW TO READ THE MAP

CONNECTION IS A CLAIM.

01COMPONENTS

A family exists only when reviewed canonical edges connect its nodes. Empty space means the evidence is still disconnected.

02LAYERS

Left-to-right depth is topological descent through claims, not a universal calendar or an assertion of equal duration.

03NODES

Language, form, status, gloss, dossier reuse, and a permanent node record travel together.

04EDGES

Every line resolves to a relationship record with sound change, semantic change, scholar, confidence, and citations.

05ASTERISKS

Every reconstructed form keeps its asterisk. Attested and inferred evidence never share one visual state.

06HORIZONS

Boundary nodes are not ancestors. They say exactly where this reviewed path currently stops.