820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
001398 MATCHING EVENTS
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
Antiquity30 ON THIS PAGE
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hetzen
*xatjanan
The Gothic, Old English, and Middle High German comparison supports a reconstructed verb, not a directly written Proto-Germanic token or single archaeological location.
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*treuwaz
Proto-Germanic horizon
firm, faithful, trustworthy
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatjan
*xatjanan
Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen support a comparative class-I weak verb without licensing one archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an attested word date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*treuwithō
Proto-Germanic horizon
faith, loyalty, truth
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*traustam
Proto-Germanic horizon
confidence, firmness
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatis
*hatiz-
The Gothic noun, i-stem Old English hete and Old Saxon heti, and the wider Germanic cognate set support a comparative noun base without licensing one archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an attested word date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatan
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan
Orel’s Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German comparison supports a Germanic verb family, while the exact reconstruction and the possibility of specifically Gothic remodeling remain disputed.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an attested word date or archaeological point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*treuwō
Proto-Germanic horizon
pledge, fidelity
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*trewam
Proto-Germanic horizon
tree, wood
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fijan
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
The verb was inherited across Germanic, while the present-participial enemy formation had already lexicalized before Gothic according to the cross-branch noun parallels.
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*rehtaz
Proto-Germanic horizon
right, just, correct, straight
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fijands
*fi(j)ēn- hate verb
The reconstructed verb supplies the base for the active-participial enemy formation.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fijands
lexicalized *fi(j)and- enemy formation
Cross-branch enemy nouns show that one who hates had lexicalized as enemy before the surviving Gothic record.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval does not identify an exact lexicalization event or speaker.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fēond
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Germanic branches preserve both the hate verb and lexicalized present-participial enemy noun. The asterisked forms are comparative reconstructions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fēogan
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Germanic branches preserve related hate verbs, but the displayed form is comparative reconstruction.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fiend
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Germanic branches preserve both the hate verb and lexicalized present-participial enemy noun. The asterisked forms are comparative reconstructions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
Feind
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch enemy nouns place the frozen participial formation before the surviving High German record.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than a directly written word date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*rīkja-
Proto-Germanic horizon
powerful, rich, kingly
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
Hass
*hatiz-
Germanic branch forms support a reconstructed noun stem while its exact ablaut, inflection, and semantic center remain analytical.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatr
*hatiz-
Germanic branch forms support a reconstructed noun stem while its exact ablaut, inflection, and semantic center remain analytical.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hassen
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Comparative Germanic forms support a verb family beside the hate noun base while exact formation, ablaut, and semantic direction remain analytical.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
vijand
*fi(j)ēn- and *fi(j)and-
The hate verb and lexicalized participial enemy noun are comparative reconstructions shared across Germanic branches.
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*mann-
Proto-Germanic
human being; person
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fiende
*fi(j)ēn- and *fi(j)and-
The hate verb and lexicalized participial enemy noun are comparative reconstructions shared across Germanic branches.
3 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not directly dated spoken tokens or a single geographic point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fīant
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and lexicalized enemy formation before the separate written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjándi
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and lexicalized enemy formation before the separate written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjende
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and enemy formation before the written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fīēn
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb before the separate written Germanic traditions.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjá
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb before the separate written Germanic traditions.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hata
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Orel's Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German set supports a shared verb family while leaving reconstruction detail open.
UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.