*SET-U

PERMANENT JOURNEY RECORD / 737

COMPLETE ROUTE ↗
STAGE 03uncertainNO SINGLE PIN

lexicalized *fi(j)and- enemy formation

Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

fijands DOSSIER ↗
THE REVIEWED ROUTE CLAIM

Cross-branch enemy nouns show that one who hates had lexicalized as enemy before the surviving Gothic record.

COORDINATES STORED
NO
HONEST TO PLOT
NO
PLACEMENT MODE
uncertain
TIME PRECISION
range
NUMERIC TIME BOUND
YES
CLAIM CITATIONS
2
THE TEMPORAL CLAIM

THIS STAGE ENTERS THE TIMELINE.

The interval does not identify an exact lexicalization event or speaker.

PLACE IN GLOBAL CHRONOLOGY ↗
DIRECT STAGE-LEVEL PROVENANCE

AUDIT THE ROUTE CLAIM.

Every source below identifies its exact stance, locator, and evidentiary contribution.

  1. supports

    Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic — *fi(j)ēn- and *fi(j)and-

    Independently publishes the reconstructed formation.

    p. 140, *fi(j)and- and descendantsAUDIT SOURCE ↗
  2. supports

    On the syntax of the Agent nouns in Gothic: the case of nd-formations

    Argues that enemy had lexicalized before Gothic.

    p. 47 and note 24, pre-Gothic lexicalization and Germanic parallelsAUDIT SOURCE ↗