820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
001398 MATCHING EVENTS
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
Antiquity30 ON THIS PAGE
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
fictiō
Latin antiquity
action of shaping or molding; feigning; pretense; legal fiction
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
fig-
Latin bound stem
variant stem used in the action noun fictiō
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
ex
Latin antiquity
out of; from
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
-tiō
Latin antiquity
suffix of verbal action
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
rēgis
Latin antiquity
of a king; genitive singular of rēx
700 BCE–700 CErange
CANONICAL FORMLatin
rēg-
Latin bound lexical stem
king stem used outside the nominative singular
600 BCE–500 BCErange
CANONICAL FORMEtruscan
phersu
Etruscan, 6th century BCE
masked figure or ritual character
550 BCE–330 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEAchaemenid Iran
check
Achaemenid period, c. 550–330 BCE
Old Persian xšāyaθiya is attested in official Achaemenid royal protocol and continues in Middle and New Persian šāh.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The range locates the attested Achaemenid royal-title stage, not an exact coinage date for xšāyaθiya.
AUDIT RECORD ↗550 BCE–330 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEAchaemenid royal-title tradition
shah
Achaemenid period, c. 550–330 BCE
Old Persian xšāyaθiya is attested in official Achaemenid royal protocol and continues historically toward Middle and New Persian šāh.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The range locates the attested Achaemenid title stage, not an exact coinage date for xšāyaθiya or every inscription.
AUDIT RECORD ↗550 BCE–330 BCErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Persian
xšāyaθiyā
Achaemenid Old Persian
king, sovereign
550 BCE–330 BCErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Persian
mān-
Old Persian
remain, wait
500 BCE–400 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEClassical tragic wordplay
κῆδος
Helen as object of care and marriage connection
LSJ reports Aeschylus playing on two lexical senses rather than documenting a new ancestry edge.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Classical tragedy horizon; no exact performance or manuscript date is promoted.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–300 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEClassical marriage-connection record
κῆδος
κῆδος as affinity or connection by marriage
Historiography, tragedy, and other prose attest the kinship-by-marriage sense. Its emergence is not assigned to one event or place.
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*lubō
c. 500 BCE
love
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*tehun
Proto-Germanic reconstruction, c. 500 BCE–200 CE
ten
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*leubīn
Proto-Germanic reconstruction
love; affection as an abstract noun
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*leubaz
Proto-Germanic reconstruction
dear, beloved, pleasing
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEGermanic linguistic horizon
word
reconstructed *wurdam
The zero-grade formation continues as a Germanic word noun ancestral to Old English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval follows the project language horizon and does not claim a dated token.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*lagam
Proto-Germanic prehistory
a laying down; what is fixed or set
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*saltom
Proto-Germanic prehistory
salt
500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*lagojanan
Proto-Germanic prehistory
to cause to lie; to lay
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
king
*kunja- plus *-inga-/*-unga-
A lineage noun and person-forming suffix produce the reconstructed king title; Germanic contact also lends an archaic form into Finnic.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The broad language interval does not date one formation or borrowing event; EWA supplies the derivation and borrowing direction.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
CANONICAL FORMProto-Germanic
*wurdam
Proto-Germanic horizon
word; something spoken
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
kind
noun *kundjaz and adjective *kundiz
Distinct reconstructed noun and adjective formations carry origin, family, nature, native, and fitting senses toward West Germanic.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The broad interval brackets reconstructed developments. The exact Germanic stem shapes and voicing are comparative analyses, not directly dated utterances.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
kindred
*kunja- and *rēdan
Germanic prehistory supplies the kin base and the separately reconstructed condition or arrangement family later combined in English.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The broad interval brackets two reconstructed lineages; it does not date their later Old English compounding.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatred
*hatiz- and *hatōjan-
The secure comparative family contains a hate or enmity noun and a related verb formation, reconstructed from attested Germanic descendants.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The range is linguistic, not an archaeological location or first-use date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hate
*hatiz- and *hatōjan-
The reconstructed noun and derived weak verb are supported by attested Germanic comparanda.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hete
*hatiz-
The reconstructed noun is supported by attested Germanic comparanda; no archaeological point or single tribal speech community is asserted.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatian
*hatēnan ~ *hatōjanan
Published notation varies, but the comparative Germanic verb family is supported by Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German forms.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an archaeological point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hettan
*xatjanan
Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen support a comparative verb, but no single archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token is claimed.
UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.