Every work cited by the reviewed graph.
SOURCE LIBRARY
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗THE PROVENANCE GRAPH
SOURCE → CLAIM → WORDSHOW THE
RECEIPTS.
Every book, dictionary, database, and article becomes a permanent record with backlinks to the exact historical claims that depend on it.
Source-to-relationship evidence links.
Sources attached to lexical attestations.
Direct evidence links for ranked reveals.
Located sources attached to scholarly disagreements.
Bibliographic records with no live evidence link.
A BIBLIOGRAPHY IS A GRAPH, NOT A FOOTNOTE DUMP.
Each record shows exactly where SET-U uses a source. Citation does not mean blanket endorsement: stances preserve support, challenge, contradiction, and context.
PERMANENT BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORDS
31 SOURCES IN THIS VIEW
Hate — definition, etymology, and first known use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 33
- WITNESSES
- 2
- COMPARISONS
- 23
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 41
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 38
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 76
Oxford English Dictionary — fiend, n., revised 2026
Oxford University Press
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 12
- COMPARISONS
- 45
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 5
- DISPUTES
- 24
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 13
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 7
Oxford English Dictionary — friend, n. & adj.
Oxford University Press
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 5
- WITNESSES
- 7
- COMPARISONS
- 28
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 2
- RANKED REVEALS
- 3
- DISPUTES
- 36
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 11
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 8
eDIL — 1 cais, noun explained as both love and hate
Royal Irish Academy
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 1
- WITNESSES
- 10
- COMPARISONS
- 8
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 12
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 3
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online — feónd
Faculty of Arts, Charles University
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 3
- COMPARISONS
- 12
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 3
- DISPUTES
- 5
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 3
Dictionary of Old Norse Prose — fjándi, masculine noun
University of Copenhagen
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 1
- WITNESSES
- 6
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 10
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary Online — freónd
Faculty of Arts, Charles University
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 5
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 7
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 4
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 3
Wife — Definition and Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 7
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 8
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 3
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
An Icelandic-English Dictionary — FRÆNDI
Clarendon Press · old-norse.net digital edition reproduced in ONP
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 0
- COMPARISONS
- 9
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 7
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
Dictionary of Old Norse Prose — frǽndi, masculine noun
University of Copenhagen
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 1
- WITNESSES
- 6
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 9
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm — hasz, m.
Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 3
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 7
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm — Freund
S. Hirzel · digital presentation by DWDS
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 5
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 4
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 1
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Boy — American Heritage Dictionary
HarperCollins
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 7
- WITNESSES
- 0
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 7
Husband — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 6
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Arithmetic — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 5
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 3
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 5
Legal — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 3
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 3
Algorithm — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 3
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 1
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Law — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 3
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 3
Human — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 3
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Emoticon — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 1
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
Kayak — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
Llama — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 3
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 3
Tepee — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
Alpaca — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
Person — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 4
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 0
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 4
Algorism — Origin and history
Online Etymology Dictionary
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 0
- COMPARISONS
- 1
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 0
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
American Heritage Dictionary: algorithm
HarperCollins
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 0
- WITNESSES
- 0
- COMPARISONS
- 2
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 2
- RANKED REVEALS
- 2
- DISPUTES
- 2
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 0
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 0
Girl — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 1
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
Hogan — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 1
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
Emoji — Word History
Merriam-Webster
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 1
- WITNESSES
- 1
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 1
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 1
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 1
Liebe — Rechtschreibung, Bedeutung, Definition, Herkunft
Duden
- CANONICAL EDGES
- 2
- WITNESSES
- 0
- COMPARISONS
- 0
- CONTEXT LINKS
- 1
- RANKED REVEALS
- 0
- DISPUTES
- 1
- JOURNEY STAGES
- 2
- DOSSIER CITATIONS
- 2
READING THE REGISTER
WHAT A CITATION DOES—AND DOES NOT—PROVE
The cited passage or record supports the attached historical claim.
The source argues against or complicates the attached analysis.
The source supplies evidence incompatible with the claim as stated.
The source informs chronology or interpretation without proving descent.