PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYmw-llama
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
10 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionarymw-llama
Llama — Word History
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster Editors
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- Merriam-Webster
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
012
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
RANK 10GRADE Asupports
Andean neighbors need not be linguistic cousins.
Alpaca comes from Aymara while llama comes from Quechua: the words travel through Spanish from different families.
allphaqa
allphaqa → alpaca → alpaca
Word History — Spanish, from QuechuaDocuments llama’s Quechua route.
alpaca dossier ↗truth record ↗89UNVEILING
RANK 64GRADE Asupports
Two identical Spanish spellings hide unrelated histories.
Animal llama is Quechua through Spanish; llama “flame” is a separate Latin descendant.
llama
llama → llama → llama
Word History — Spanish, from QuechuaDocuments the animal route.
llama dossier ↗truth record ↗86UNVEILING
021
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
resolvedsupportsestablished
Are animal llama and Spanish llama “flame” the same word?
No. The animal word is Quechua through Spanish; the fire homonym is a separate Spanish entry from Latin flamma.
Word History — Spanish, from QuechuaConfirms the animal route.
033
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 345supportsestablished
llama → llama
Present-Day English → Spanish · borrowing
- SOUND
- English retains the Spanish spelling while adapting pronunciation.
- MEANING
- The animal name remains stable through the borrowing.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster editors
Word History — SpanishIdentifies the immediate Spanish source.
EDGE 346supportsestablished
llama → llama
Spanish → Quechua source (variety unspecified) · borrowing
- SOUND
- Spanish adopted Quechua llama with little visible alteration.
- MEANING
- The Quechua animal name remained the animal label.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Merriam-Webster · RAE editors
Word History — Spanish, from QuechuaIdentifies the Quechua source.
EDGE 347supportsboundary
llama → UNKNOWN
Quechua source (variety unspecified) → Beyond secure reconstruction · knowledge boundary
- SOUND
- The reviewed sources identify Quechua but do not present a deeper reconstruction or a uniquely localized donor variety.
- MEANING
- The trail ends at the attested Quechua animal word.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- SET-U editorial boundary
Etymology stops at QuechuaNo deeper or variety-specific source is supplied.
041
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
llamaSOURCE-REPORTED
llama
Merriam-Webster first-known-use report
OPEN WITNESS 81 ↗050
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
No comparative-relative record currently cites this source.
062
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 2supports
Spanish-speaking Americas
Documents Spanish transmission.
Word History — Spanish, from Quechua · broadstage 3supports
Global English
Reports 1600.
First Known Use · global071
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
parallel borrowingsupports
Two Andean animals, two language families
Llama and alpaca both reached English through Spanish, but the donor words are Quechua llama and Aymara allpaqa / allphaqa. Geographic and zoological association does not make the names cognates.
Merriam-Webster · Peruvian Ministry of Education editors · established082
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
3 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.