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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT

Imported dictionary evidence

SOURCE-IMPORTED · UNREVIEWED

These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.

35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset

PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL

1 source section across 1 headword matching “Calve”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.

Open the permanent entry for calve →
calveEnglish (en) · Unnumbered etymologySource text

From Middle English calven, from Old English *calfian, cealfian, from Proto-West Germanic *kalbōn, from Proto-Germanic *kalbōną (“to calve”), from *kalbaz (“calf”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian koolvje, Dutch kalven, German Low German kalven, German kalben, Swedish kalva, Icelandic kálfa.

Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗

From Wiktionary contributors; extracted by Tatu Ylonen / Wiktextract / Kaikki.org. Extraction source · CC-BY-SA-4.0. Selected source text is reformatted for display; language and section identity are retained.

Source dump: 2026-10-01 · Extraction: 2026-10-30. These dates identify a dump snapshot, not an individual page revision.

Snapshot checksums and coverage
SOURCE SHA-256
5ff2c072f8099f2d2ce484bd6957bf179f046d2ad37bc36555edf8bb84cb5291
CORPUS SHA-256
c4c2a77325141846709230e11c2959332acd630d53e52905b72d36211251b081
IMPORT RUN
73216b9a9b78ed3830994bf853103716f5a4dc57099e371e9f8fdc468facca26
SUBSET SELECTION
English-only: shortest normalized query first, then binary lexical order; complete word-language and case-variant groups only. This is a bounded online subset, not the full acquired corpus.

INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY

More sources for this spelling

These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.

Browse the independently attributed sources →
12REVIEWED RESULTS
0WORD DOSSIERS
0HISTORICAL NODES
12SOURCES
0CLAIMS
0WITNESSES
01

MODERN ENTRY POINTS

WORD DOSSIERS

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “calve.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

02

ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY

HISTORICAL FORMS

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “calve.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

03

WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED

CLAIMS & DISPUTES

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “calve.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

04

BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES

SOURCES

12
scholarly reference72 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root reg-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference60 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root: dhghem-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference48 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root: dheigh-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference43 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root deru-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference37 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root genə-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference33 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root ghos-ti-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference25 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root dekm̥

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference18 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root mūs-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2026

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference17 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root wer-5

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference10 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root skei-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
research database7 CLAIM LINKS

American Heritage Dictionary Indo-European Roots Appendix

Calvert Watkins · American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2011

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
scholarly reference7 CLAIM LINKS

Indo-European Root: dhē(i)-

Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors / 2022

author or editorAUDIT EVERY USE ↗
05

FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS

ATTESTATION WITNESSES

0

No reviewed record in this collection contains “calve.” Absence describes this graph, not all of linguistic scholarship.

06

SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF

EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.

Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.