*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

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NODE / 0057attestedAncient Greek

λέγω

TRANSLITERATION légō

gather; count; recount; say

DATE
Ancient Greek
SENSE
default
FAMILY
Indo-European / Hellenic
CANONICAL KEY
node:10:lego:attested

Greek lexicography separates historically related sense groups with care.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
GO DEEPERinheritanceproposed
Proto-Indo-European · Indo-European prehistory

*leǵ-

to collect, gather; with descendants involving speaking

SOUND
Greek λέγω is traditionally derived from PIE *leǵ-; some scholarship argues that an initial *s should be reconstructed.
MEANING
The daughter evidence spans collecting and speaking, but the exact semantic path remains reconstructed.
SCHOLAR
UT Austin LRC · IE-CoR · Kaczyńska
CONFIDENCE
proposed — The competing *sleǵ- analysis prevents an unqualified grade.
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

2
DESCENDANTderivationprobable
Ancient Greek · Ancient Greek

λόγος

word, speech, account, reckoning, reason

SOUND
λόγος is a verbal noun in the λέγω family, with an o-grade formation represented in traditional analysis.
MEANING
Gathering, counting, recounting, speech, account, and reason form a historically layered semantic network.
SCHOLAR
Logeion · comparative Greek lexicography
CONFIDENCE
probable — The semantic sequence should not be reduced to a single just-so story.
DESCENDANTprefixed derivationestablished
Ancient Greek · Ancient Greek · converse through

διαλέγεσθαι

to converse or discuss; a formation with dia- and legein

SOUND
Greek dialegesthai contains dia- “through, across, between” plus legein / legesthai “to speak.”
MEANING
Speaking across or through supplies conversation; the prefix does not encode the numeral two.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors
CONFIDENCE
established
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

30

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
30
REVIEWED EDGES
30
DEEPEST PATH
7
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
8
HISTORICAL STEP 012 EDGES
STEP 01prefixed derivationestablished
SOUND
Greek dialegesthai contains dia- “through, across, between” plus legein / legesthai “to speak.”
MEANING
Speaking across or through supplies conversation; the prefix does not encode the numeral two.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 437 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 025 EDGES
STEP 02compound memberestablished
SOUND
Greek ἐτυμολογία contains the -λογία formation belonging to the λόγος family.
MEANING
The “account / study” member combines with ἔτυμος “true, real” to form etymology.
Ancient Greek lexicography2 CITATIONSEDGE 51 ↗
STEP 02derivationestablished
SOUND
Greek dialogos belongs to the verbal family of dialegesthai “to converse.”
MEANING
The act of speaking through or across becomes conversation and a represented exchange.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 436 ↗
STEP 02compound componentestablished
SOUND
Greek prologos combines pro- “before” with logos “speech or discourse”; this path follows the logos component.
MEANING
A speech positioned before a performance becomes the prologue.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors3 CITATIONSEDGE 444 ↗
STEP 02derivationestablished
SOUND
Greek -logiā is formed in the logos family; American Heritage also records -logos formations as a contributing channel.
MEANING
Word, speech, and discourse support account-of-a-subject formations; “science” is a later specialization, not the only Greek value.
American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Ancient Greek lexicography2 CITATIONSEDGE 1029 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 035 EDGES
STEP 03borrowingestablished
SOUND
Latin dialogus borrows and phonologically adapts Greek dialogos.
MEANING
The Greek conversation and discourse term becomes a Latin literary form.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 435 ↗
STEP 03borrowingestablished
SOUND
Latin prologus borrows and adapts Greek prologos.
MEANING
The Greek before-speech becomes a Latin theatrical and literary preface.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 443 ↗
STEP 03borrowingestablished
SOUND
Latin -logia borrows and transliterates Greek -logiā.
MEANING
A Greek formation in the speaking and account family becomes a reusable learned Latin element.
American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Merriam-Webster Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 1028 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 045 EDGES
STEP 04borrowingestablished
SOUND
Anglo-French dialogue continues Latin dialogus through Romance transmission.
MEANING
Conversation and the literary dialogue remain linked.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 434 ↗
STEP 04borrowingestablished
SOUND
Anglo-French prologue continues Latin prologus through Romance transmission.
MEANING
The introductory speech or preface remains central.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 442 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 055 EDGES
HISTORICAL STEP 067 EDGES
STEP 06historical continuationestablished
SOUND
Middle English dialoge develops the modern -ue spelling and later English pronunciation.
MEANING
The literary conversation sense broadens to ordinary exchange, dramatic speech, and institutional discussion.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 432 ↗
STEP 06historical continuationestablished
SOUND
Middle English prolog develops the modern -ue spelling while retaining the initial pro- and final log sequence.
MEANING
The prefatory speech becomes any introductory section and later any preceding event.
Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 440 ↗
STEP 06derivationestablished
SOUND
English adds the person-forming suffix -ist to etymology.
MEANING
The discipline name becomes the title of a specialist who studies word histories.
Merriam-Webster Editors · Douglas Harper2 CITATIONSEDGE 593 ↗
STEP 06derivationestablished
SOUND
English adds verb-forming -ize to etymology.
MEANING
The name of the inquiry becomes the act of discovering, stating, or studying etymologies.
Merriam-Webster Editors · Douglas Harper2 CITATIONSEDGE 600 ↗
STEP 06historical continuationestablished
SOUND
Middle English -logie is continued by modern English -logy with spelling and pronunciation adapted to later English patterns.
MEANING
The learned form remains productive across expression, discourse, doctrine, theory, science, and study senses rather than narrowing to one universal gloss.
American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Merriam-Webster Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 1025 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 071 EDGE

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

1
SOURCE-REPORTEDlexical corpus recordestablished

Ancient Greek literary record

The date and form are source-reported. No manuscript or inscription facsimile has been directly inspected for this record.

logic dossier · recorded as λέγω
05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

4