NODE / 1265reconstructedProto-Indo-European
*kad-
TRANSLITERATION *kad-
a proposed base used in a wider Celtic, Germanic, Italic, Iranian, and Greek comparison
- DATE
- proposed Proto-Indo-European base
- SENSE
- proposed deep love hatred base
- FAMILY
- Indo-European
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:6:kad:reconstructed:sense:proposed-deep-love-hatred-base
The wider comparison is published, but its members do not yield one transparent semantic history. Love, hate, care, grief, and related fields are not collapsed into one prehistoric essence.
*This form is reconstructed by comparison. It is not directly attested in this exact written form.
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
*THE TRAIL ENDS HERE.No securely reviewed ancestor extends beyond this node. 1 evidence path stops at this boundary.
INSPECT 1 CITED BOUNDARY CLAIM
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 3
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 3
- DEEPEST PATH
- 3
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01derivationproposed
- SOUND
- The proposed *kad-t/si- formation is analyzed from the base *kad- with suffixal material.
- MEANING
- The wider comparison links semantically difficult fields including love, hatred, care, grief, and enmity; the graph preserves the comparison without declaring a single original meaning.
HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02derivationproposed
- SOUND
- Koch analyzes *katsi- from *kad-t/si-. The displayed consonant cluster and affricate outcome follow that published reconstruction rather than an independently observed sound record.
- MEANING
- A proposed suffixal formation is assigned to the Celtic love and hatred field; no single direction of semantic development is recovered.
HISTORICAL STEP 031 EDGE
STEP 03proposed inheritanceproposed
- SOUND
- Koch compares Middle Irish cais with Proto-Celtic *katsi-. The reviewed evidence does not publish a complete, dated chain of Goidelic sound changes, so no missing intermediate forms are invented.
- MEANING
- The attested Irish entry carries both love and hate readings. The reconstruction does not identify which reading is older or prove that the opposition was already present in Proto-Celtic.
John T. Koch · Royal Irish Academy eDIL editors3 CITATIONSEDGE 1233 ↗ “Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.That is expected for a reconstructed form: the node is inferred from comparison, not quoted from a surviving occurrence.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE