Koch compares Middle Irish cais with Proto-Celtic *katsi-. The reviewed evidence does not publish a complete, dated chain of Goidelic sound changes, so no missing intermediate forms are invented.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 1233proposed inheritanceproposed
A CLAIM
YOU CAN AUDIT.
A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
cais
love; hate, with readings dependent on context
OPEN NODE 1262 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / reconstructedProto-Celtic · proposed Proto-Celtic · celtic love hatred proposal*katsi-
a proposed Celtic formation compared with Middle Irish cais and Old Welsh cas
OPEN NODE 1263 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The attested Irish entry carries both love and hate readings. The reconstruction does not identify which reading is older or prove that the opposition was already present in Proto-Celtic.
A conventional Proto-Celtic horizon is compared with source-reported medieval and early modern Irish citations.
John T. Koch · Royal Irish Academy eDIL editors
proposed — The Celtic comparison is published, but the daughter path is incompletely exposed and the semantic direction remains unknown.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
The shortest history of hatred continued and partly concludedDiscussion of Irish cais and the non-Germanic comparison
challengesAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Warns that semantic opposition does not by itself secure the wider family.
Celto-Germanic — HATRED *kad-p. 101, Proto-Celtic *katsi- and Middle Irish cais
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Publishes the proposed Celtic reconstruction and Irish comparison.
eDIL — 1 cais, noun explained as both love and hateHeadword 1 cais; forms caise; love and hate explanation
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Documents the attested Irish form and its opposite contextual glosses without supplying a full etymology.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE