*SET-U

THE JOURNEY ATLAS

TIMELINE ATLAS ↗

MAP THE ROUTE / KEEP THE LIMIT

PLACE → PERIOD → TRANSFORMATION

WORDS HAVE
ADDRESSES.

Trace where a word’s reviewed history passed through—and see every broad, global, or uncertain stage that cannot honestly be reduced to one point.

THE GEOGRAPHIC CONTRACT

A ROUTE IS A MODEL.
NOT A GPS TRACE.

Regional pins locate reviewed cultural stages. Approximate pins locate broad reconstructed or contact regions. Global stages stay unpinned. Every route preserves its full editorial sequence; only directly cited, explicitly bounded stages also enter the cross-word Timeline Atlas.

959REVIEWED ROUTE STAGES

Ordered inside 214 complete dossier journeys.

230HONEST MAP POINTS

231 coordinate pairs exist; global placements are suppressed.

729NO SINGLE PIN

Broad, global, uncertain, or not honestly reducible to one point.

959DIRECTLY CITED STAGES

1324 claim-level citations; every remaining stage is a frontier task.

578NUMERIC TIME BOUNDS

Source-backed stages now join the cross-word Timeline Atlas.

381TIME BOUNDS WITHHELD

Historic labels remain readable without being parsed into false years.

00

FILTER THE ROUTE ARCHIVE

WHERE DID THE WORD GO?

214 ROUTES / 959 MATCHING STAGES

Filters select complete word journeys when any stage matches. The map and route card then preserve the surrounding stages, so a search result never becomes a historically amputated dot.

01

THE REVIEWED GEOGRAPHIC LAYER

WORDS DO NOT MOVE IN STRAIGHT LINES.

230 PLOTTED STAGES
230 plotted stages in matching word journeys-logy, stage 1: Ancient Greek linguistic record — -logiā, logos, and legein-logy, stage 3: Northern France — Old French -logie-logy, stage 4: England — Middle English -logieadverb, stage 2: Roman grammatical tradition — Latin adverbiumadverb, stage 3: France and England — Middle French to Middle Englishaguacate, stage 1: Nahuatl-speaking central Mexico — 1571 Molina recordalgebra, stage 1: Baghdad — c. 825algebra, stage 2: Iberian and Latin translation worlds — 12th centuryalgebra, stage 3: England — 1551algorism, stage 1: Khwārizmian name horizon — approximately 780–850algorism, stage 2: Medieval Latin Europe — 12th centuryalgorism, stage 3: France and England — 13th–14th centuriesalgorism, stage 4: Medieval England — 14th centuryalgorithm, stage 1: Khwārizm — 8th–9th centuriesalgorithm, stage 2: Baghdad — 9th centuryalgorithm, stage 3: Medieval Latin Europe — 12th–15th centuriesarithmetic, stage 1: Ancient Greek linguistic world — antiquityarithmetic, stage 2: Latin and medieval French scholarship — 12th–13th centuriesarithmetic, stage 3: Medieval England — circa 1250 English horizonbetroth, stage 3: England — Middle English bi-/be- plus trouthboy, stage 1: Medieval England — Middle English boibride, stage 1: Old English language area — Old English brȳdbridegroom, stage 3: Scots and English record — brydegrome in 1525calculate, stage 3: England — 1542 English first-known-use horizoncalculator, stage 1: Roman world — Latin antiquity and Late Latincalculator, stage 2: Medieval England — 14th-century English recordcalculus, stage 1: Roman world — Latin antiquitycalculus, stage 3: England — 1666 English recordcandid, stage 2: Latin-speaking Mediterranean — Latin antiquitycandid, stage 3: France — Middle French, c. 1300–1600candid, stage 4: England and global English — 1597–todaycandidate, stage 1: Roman office-seeking practice — Roman antiquity; exact onset unresolvedcandidate, stage 2: French candidat and learned circulation — 1284 French record; 1546 public-office sensecandidate, stage 3: England — 1600 English first-known-use horizoncandor, stage 1: Latin-speaking Mediterranean — Latin antiquitycandor, stage 2: France — French transmission, date unresolvedcandor, stage 3: England — 14th-century English recordchá, stage 2: Macao and Cantonese maritime contact — 16th centurychá, stage 3: Portuguese-language record — current Infopédia recordclew, stage 1: Anglo-Saxon England — Old English, before the 12th centuryclew, stage 2: Medieval England — Middle English, c. 1100–1500clue, stage 1: Anglo-Saxon England — before 1150clue, stage 2: English literature — late 16th c.collect, stage 2: Roman world — antiquitycollect, stage 3: Anglo-French and Middle English — medievalconscience, stage 2: Roman world — Latin antiquityconscience, stage 3: Medieval France and England — 13th-century English horizonconscious, stage 2: Roman world — Latin antiquityconscious, stage 3: England — circa 1600 English recorddairy, stage 1: Old English language area — dǣge, female baker or servantdialogue, stage 2: Ancient Greek speech communities — Ancient Greek recorddialogue, stage 3: Roman literary world — Latin antiquity and Late Latindialogue, stage 4: Medieval England — circa 1200–15th centurydirect, stage 3: France and England — Anglo-French directer to Middle English directendisaster, stage 2: Italy — Old Italian stage; exact onset unresolveddisaster, stage 3: France — Middle French borrowing; exact onset unresolveddough, stage 3: Anglo-Saxon England — dāg before the 12th centuryemoticon, stage 2: Roman and Francophone transmission — Latin antiquity–16th centuryemoticon, stage 3: England — 1579 English emotion recordemotion, stage 2: Roman and Francophone transmission — Latin antiquity–16th centuryemotion, stage 3: England — 1579 English recordetymological, stage 2: Early Modern England — 1588–1590s source horizonsetymologist, stage 1: Medieval and Early Modern English learned vocabulary — late 14th century–1604etymologist, stage 2: Early Modern England — 1604–1630s source horizonsetymologize, stage 1: Medieval English learned vocabulary — late 14th century onwardetymologize, stage 2: Early Modern England — 1532 transitive horizonetymologize, stage 3: English semantic expansion — 1650s intransitive horizonetymology, stage 2: Ancient Greece — 1st millennium BCEetymology, stage 3: Rome and medieval Europe — antiquity–14th c.etymon, stage 1: Later Ancient Greek learned usage — Hellenistic and Roman periodsetymon, stage 2: Latin scholarly transmission — antiquity–medieval learned useetymon, stage 3: English printed record — 1573feign, stage 2: Medieval English language area — Middle English feynen and feignenfemale, stage 2: Roman linguistic world — fēmina to fēmellafemale, stage 3: France and England — femele to femellefiction, stage 2: Medieval English language area — Middle English ficciounfigure, stage 3: Medieval France and England — figure in the 13th centuryfijan, stage 4: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnessesfijan, stage 5: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century Codex Argenteus custodyfijan, stage 6: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648fijan, stage 7: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648fijan, stage 9: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669fijands, stage 5: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnessesfijands, stage 6: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century Codex Argenteus custodyfijands, stage 7: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648fijands, stage 8: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648fijands, stage 10: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669girl, stage 1: Medieval England — Middle English girlehatan, stage 3: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnesseshatan, stage 4: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century manuscript custodyhatan, stage 5: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648hatan, stage 6: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648hatan, stage 8: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669hatis, stage 3: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnesshatis, stage 4: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century Codex Argenteus custodyhatis, stage 5: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648hatis, stage 6: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648hatis, stage 8: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669hatizōn, stage 3: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteushatizōn, stage 4: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century manuscript custodyhatizōn, stage 5: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648hatizōn, stage 6: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648hatizōn, stage 8: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669hatjan, stage 3: Ravenna — early-sixth-century Codex Argenteushatjan, stage 4: Werden, Ruhr district — sixteenth-century manuscript custodyhatjan, stage 5: Prague — imperial custody by 1600 to 1648hatjan, stage 6: Stockholm — Swedish royal custody after 1648hatjan, stage 8: Uppsala University Library — custody since 1669hatōn, stage 4: Corvey catalog attribution — Cgm 25, second half of the ninth centuryheti, stage 4: Corvey catalog attribution — Cgm 25, second half of the ninth centuryhospice, stage 3: England — 1818 English lodging horizonhospitality, stage 2: Latin-speaking Mediterranean — Latin antiquityhospitality, stage 3: France and England — medieval French and English transmissionhostel, stage 2: England — 14th-century English recordhostis, stage 3: Rome — Cicero’s 44 BCE semantic testimonyhuman, stage 2: Roman linguistic world — homō to hūmānushuman, stage 3: France and England — humainhumble, stage 3: Medieval England and Anglo-French contact — humble in the 13th centuryhumiliate, stage 3: England — circa 1534 English recordhumiliation, stage 3: Northern France — Middle French before 1449–1495humiliation, stage 4: England — late 14th-century Middle Englishhumility, stage 3: Northern France — later 10th century–1400 Old Frenchhumility, stage 4: England — 14th-century Middle English and Englishhusband, stage 3: Medieval England — hūsbōnda to husbondehōti, stage 6: Corvey catalog attribution — Cgm 25, second half of the ninth centuryicon, stage 1: Greek and Roman linguistic worlds — antiquity–Late Latinicon, stage 2: England — 1572 English recordicon, stage 3: Eastern Christian and English religious discourse — 1833–todayintellect, stage 1: Roman world — Latin antiquityintellect, stage 2: Medieval France — Old French transmission, c. 800–1400intellect, stage 3: England — 14th-century English recordintelligence, stage 2: Roman world — antiquityintelligence, stage 3: France and England — 14th centuryintelligent, stage 2: Roman world — Latin antiquityintelligent, stage 3: England — circa 1540 English recordkapu, stage 2: Hawaiian-language record — 1836 dictionary record–todaykayık, stage 3: Modern Turkish kayık — 2023 dictionary record–todaylady, stage 2: Medieval England — hlǣfdige to ladylaw, stage 2: Scandinavia and the Old Norse world — approximately 700–1500law, stage 3: Anglo-Saxon England — before the 12th centurylay, stage 2: Anglo-Saxon England — before the 12th centurylay, stage 3: Middle English England — approximately 1150–1500lecture, stage 2: Roman and medieval scholarly worlds — antiquity–medievallecture, stage 3: England — 15th centurylegal, stage 2: Roman world — antiquitylegal, stage 3: Anglo-French England — medievallegend, stage 2: Medieval Latin Christendom — medievallegend, stage 3: England — c. 1500legible, stage 2: Roman and Late Latin world — Latin antiquity–late antiquitylegible, stage 3: England — late 14th–15th centurieslegislation, stage 3: France — 1372–1374 French recordlegislation, stage 4: England — 1606 English reportlesson, stage 3: England — 13th-century English recordliufs, stage 4: Ravenna — early-6th-century Codex Argenteuslogic, stage 2: Ancient Greece — 1st millennium BCElogic, stage 3: Latin and medieval French scholarship — antiquity–12th centurylord, stage 2: Medieval England — hlāford to loverdlove, stage 1: Pontic–Caspian horizon — Proto-Indo-European prehistorylove, stage 3: Anglo-Saxon England — Old English period; English record before 12th c.male, stage 1: Roman linguistic world — mās to masculusmale, stage 2: France and England — masle to maleman, stage 3: Early and medieval England — Old English mann to Middle English mannescience, stage 3: England — 1612 English recordomniscient, stage 3: England — 1598 English recordperson, stage 2: Roman linguistic world — Latin persōnaperson, stage 3: France and England — personeprescient, stage 2: Roman world — Latin antiquityprescient, stage 3: France — 15th-century French recordprescient, stage 4: England — 1620s English recordprologue, stage 2: Ancient Greek theatre — Ancient Greek recordprologue, stage 3: Roman literary world — Latin antiquity and Late Latinprologue, stage 4: Medieval England — 14th–15th centuriesproverb, stage 2: Roman world — Latin proverbiumqajaq, stage 2: Greenlandic qajaq terminology — 1987 terminology record–todayquarantine, stage 1: Dubrovnik / Ragusa — 1377 thirty-day trentino lawrealm, stage 3: France and England — Old French reiame to Middle English realmeregal, stage 3: France and England — Old French or Anglo-French transmissionregular, stage 3: France and England — Anglo-French reguler to Middle English regulerregulate, stage 3: England — Middle English regulaterich, stage 3: England — Old English rīcerich, stage 4: France and England — Old French riche and Middle English richeright, stage 3: England — Old English riht to Middle English rightrobot, stage 2: Prague — 1920 R.U.R. coinagerobot, stage 3: English-language R.U.R. translation and print — 1922 first-use horizon; inspected 1923 editionroyal, stage 3: France and England — Anglo-French roial to Middle English roialrule, stage 3: France and England — Anglo-French reule to Middle English reulerí, stage 3: Ireland — Old Irish rí and ríg, 8th–10th centuriessalary, stage 2: Roman world — imperial periodsalary, stage 3: Medieval France — 12th–13th c.salary, stage 4: England — 13th c. first-known-use horizonsalt, stage 2: Germanic and Anglo-Saxon Europe — approximately 450–1150salt, stage 3: England — before the 12th centuryselect, stage 2: England — 1565 adjective horizonselect, stage 3: England — 1566 verb horizonsincere, stage 1: Roman world — antiquitysincere, stage 2: France — 15th c.; attestations in 1441 and 1474sincere, stage 3: England — 1533 first-known-use horizontapu, stage 2: Aotearoa New Zealand Māori record — 1872 corpus example–todaytea, stage 2: Xiamen, Fujian — Southern Min contact eratea, stage 4: England — 1655 onwardten, stage 3: England — recorded before the 12th centurytree, stage 3: England — Old English trēow to Middle English treetroth, stage 3: England — Old English trēowþ to Middle English trouthtruce, stage 3: England — Old English trēow to Middle English plural trewestrue, stage 3: England — Old English trēowe to Middle English trewetrust, stage 3: Scandinavian linguistic horizon — Old Norse traust or a related Scandinavian sourcetrust, stage 4: England — Middle English trustetruth, stage 3: England — Old English trēowþ to Middle English trewtheverb, stage 2: Roman world — Latin verbumverb, stage 3: Anglo-French Britain — Latin-to-French-to-English transmissionverbal, stage 1: Late Latin learned tradition — verbalis from verbum plus -alisverbal, stage 2: England — 15th-century English recordverbatim, stage 1: Roman world — Latin verbum and word-for-word phraseswife, stage 2: Medieval England — wīf to wifwoman, stage 2: Medieval England — wīfman to wommanword, stage 3: England — Old English record before the 12th centuryçay, stage 3: Turkey Turkish record — 2023 dictionary edition–todayétymologie, stage 1: Ancient Greek learned tradition — Hellenistic and later Greekétymologie, stage 2: Latin grammatical tradition — antiquity–medieval Europeétymologie, stage 3: Old French textual record — c. 1175–1188étymologie, stage 4: French technical specialization — 1529–1756étymon, stage 1: Later Ancient Greek learned usage — Hellenistic and Roman periodsétymon, stage 2: Latin scholarly transmission — antiquity–medieval learned useétymon, stage 3: French lexicographic record — 1892μυς, stage 4: Modern Greece — current anatomical usageчай, stage 3: Russian-language record — Vasmer dictionary recordստոյգ, stage 3: Historical Armenian lexicography — 19th-century dictionaries–todayچای, stage 3: Persian-language record — Dehkhoda lexicographic record–todayἐτήτυμος, stage 3: Ancient Greek poetic usage — Archaic–Classical recordἔτυμος, stage 3: Later Greek learned usage — Hellenistic and Roman-period records
REGIONAL PLACEMENTAPPROXIMATE / RECONSTRUCTED REGIONGLOBAL OR UNLOCATED — NO SINGLE PIN

This is not a GPS trace. Lines appear only when adjacent stages in one selected route both have defensible points. A global stage is not pinned even when a legacy coordinate names the route’s point of departure. Missing locations break the line.

02

ROUTE-BY-ROUTE SEQUENCE TIMELINES

214 MATCHING WORD JOURNEYS

PAGE 11 / 27
183

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatan

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
9STAGES5HONEST PINS4NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *xatēnan ~ *xatōjananNO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    Orel’s Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German comparison supports a Germanic verb family, while the exact reconstruction and the possibility of specifically Gothic remodeling remain disputed.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    hatan represented by two participlesNO SINGLE PIN

    Fourth-century Gothic translation tradition

    Luke 1:71 and Luke 6:27 belong to the Gothic Gospel translation tradition. Their lexical swap reveals translation behavior but does not date the first spoken use or prove that the construction was newly coined.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnessesregional placement

    Ravenna

    Both directly inspected participles occur in the purple-vellum Gospel codex probably copied in Ravenna: hatandane on folio 123r and hatandans on folio 143v.

    4 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    sixteenth-century manuscript custodyapproximate placement

    Werden, Ruhr district

    The codex was known in the sixteenth century at a Benedictine monastery in Werden. This is the route of the evidence object, not proof that spoken Gothic traveled with it.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    imperial custody by 1600 to 1648regional placement

    Prague

    By 1600 the codex was in Prague in the hands of Emperor Rudolph II; Swedish forces took it when they stormed the city in 1648.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    Swedish royal custody after 1648regional placement

    Stockholm

    The codex reached Stockholm as spoil of war and entered Queen Christina’s library before passing to Isaac Vossius.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    Isaac Vossius and acquisition by De la GardieNO SINGLE PIN

    Holland custody

    Vossius took the manuscript to Holland; Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie later bought it and presented it to Uppsala University.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  8. 08
    custody since 1669regional placement

    Uppsala University Library

    De la Gardie presented the codex to Uppsala University in 1669. Modern facsimiles expose both folios while Project Wulfila supplies the aligned corpus analyses.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  9. 09
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The proposed Indo-European comparison remains visible, but no single enemy, hate, grief, care, pursuit, persecution, or translation origin is promoted.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
176

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hate

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
6STAGES0HONEST PINS6NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *ḱeh₂d- and *ḱh₂d-es-NO SINGLE PIN

    Disputed Indo-European comparative horizon

    A formal comparison extends beyond Germanic, but neither one original meaning nor one point homeland is established.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    *hatiz- and *hatōjan-NO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    The reconstructed noun and derived weak verb are supported by attested Germanic comparanda.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    hete and hatianNO SINGLE PIN

    Old English records

    English preserves a feeling noun and an action verb; Beowulf places the verb beside hostile deeds and injury.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    hate and hatenNO SINGLE PIN

    Middle English records

    The noun and verb converge formally. Major dictionaries disagree on whether the noun directly continues hete or was remodeled from haten.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    hate as feeling, action, object, modifier, and weakened aversionNO SINGLE PIN

    Global English

    The word spans intense enmity, strong dislike, public compounds, and milder reluctance while retaining one spelling for noun and verb.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The graph keeps grief, care, mourning, love, pursuit, persecution, and hate as visible proposals and problems rather than one origin.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
201

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatia

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
7STAGES0HONEST PINS7NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    qualified *ḱeh₂d- comparisonNO SINGLE PIN

    Proposed Indo-European linguistic horizon

    The deepest displayed route is a comparative proposal whose semantic members remain disputed.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    *xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-NO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    Orel's Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German set supports a shared verb family while leaving reconstruction detail open.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    text dated 1220-1300; copied in manuscript J 1520-1540NO SINGLE PIN

    Old Frisian Book of Rudolf textual tradition

    A source-reported hatie record concerns the army road. The text date and later manuscript-object date are not collapsed into one first-use year.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    Codex Roorda, 1490-1504NO SINGLE PIN

    West Lauwers Old Frisian manuscript tradition

    Jurisprudentia Frisica supplies three source-reported forms across legal adversity and theological hate contexts.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    manuscript J, 1520-1540NO SINGLE PIN

    Jus Municipale Frisonum manuscript tradition

    The register supplies hatijen in a prohibition involving harm and hindrance on an army road.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    version 1.0 overview, May 2026NO SINGLE PIN

    Modern Corpus Oudfries research surface

    The corpus makes six search hits inspectable, while Buma's critical note and Nijdam's translation require one Brokmer hit to be excluded from the hate verb.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    beyond the qualified Indo-European comparisonNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The graph stops before harm, obstruction, rejection, enemy pursuit, theological hate, grief, care, or pain becomes one certain original essence.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
178

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatian

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
4STAGES0HONEST PINS4NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *hatēnan ~ *hatōjananNO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    Published notation varies, but the comparative Germanic verb family is supported by Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German forms.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    hatian directed at persons, enemies, vices, and deedsNO SINGLE PIN

    Old English textual traditions

    Gospel, Pastoral Care, poetic, legal, and other edited records preserve the verb across different objects and contexts.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    hatian to haten and hateNO SINGLE PIN

    Middle English lexical transition

    The inherited verb continues into Middle English while the noun may have been remodeled from it or may directly continue hete.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The qualified PIE comparison remains visible, but no single grief, care, pursuit, love, or hate origin is promoted.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
182

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatis

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
9STAGES5HONEST PINS4NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *hatiz-NO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    The Gothic noun, i-stem Old English hete and Old Saxon heti, and the wider Germanic cognate set support a comparative noun base without licensing one archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    hatis in Gothic biblical vocabularyNO SINGLE PIN

    Fourth-century Gothic translation tradition

    Fourteen of the fifteen reported tokens belong to the Gothic Bible tradition. Their Greek alignment reveals translation choices but does not date the first use of the noun in speech.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    early-sixth-century Codex Argenteus witnessregional placement

    Ravenna

    The directly inspected Luke 3:7 hatiza occurs in the purple-vellum Gospel codex probably copied in Ravenna. The remaining source-reported tokens survive in other Gothic witnesses and are not silently assigned to this object.

    4 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    sixteenth-century Codex Argenteus custodyapproximate placement

    Werden, Ruhr district

    The directly inspected codex was known in the sixteenth century at a Benedictine monastery in Werden. This is the route of one evidence object, not proof that spoken Gothic traveled with it.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    imperial custody by 1600 to 1648regional placement

    Prague

    By 1600 the Codex Argenteus was in Prague in the hands of Emperor Rudolph II; Swedish forces took it when they stormed the city in 1648.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    Swedish royal custody after 1648regional placement

    Stockholm

    The codex reached Stockholm as spoil of war and entered Queen Christina’s library before passing to Isaac Vossius.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    Isaac Vossius and acquisition by De la GardieNO SINGLE PIN

    Holland custody

    Vossius took the manuscript to Holland; Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie later bought it and presented it to Uppsala University.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  8. 08
    custody since 1669regional placement

    Uppsala University Library

    De la Gardie presented the codex to Uppsala University in 1669. The modern facsimile exposes folio 129r, while Project Wulfila links the wider Gothic corpus inventory.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  9. 09
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The proposed Indo-European and Celtic comparisons remain visible, but no single hate, wrath, grief, care, pain, or anxiety origin is promoted.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
203

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatizōn

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
9STAGES5HONEST PINS4NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *hatiz- noun familyNO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    The inherited noun family is reconstructed from attested Germanic comparanda. No archaeological point, single tribe, or attested Proto-Germanic denominative *hatizōn is asserted.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    hatizōn represented by hatizoþ in John 7:23NO SINGLE PIN

    Gothic translation tradition

    The fourth-century translation selects the class-II verb for Greek χολᾶτε. The translation horizon is distinct from the age of the surviving manuscript and does not prove when the verb was first formed.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    early-sixth-century Codex Argenteusregional placement

    Ravenna

    The purple-vellum Gospel codex preserving John 7:23 was probably copied in Ravenna at the beginning of the sixth century.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    sixteenth-century manuscript custodyapproximate placement

    Werden, Ruhr district

    The codex was known in the sixteenth century at a Benedictine monastery in Werden. This traces the evidence object, not spoken Gothic.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    imperial custody by 1600 to 1648regional placement

    Prague

    By 1600 the codex was in Prague in the hands of Emperor Rudolph II; Swedish forces took it when they stormed the city in 1648.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    Swedish royal custody after 1648regional placement

    Stockholm

    The codex reached Stockholm as spoil of war and entered Queen Christina’s library before passing to Isaac Vossius.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    Isaac Vossius and acquisition by De la GardieNO SINGLE PIN

    Holland custody

    Vossius took the manuscript to Holland; Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie later bought it and presented it to Uppsala University.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  8. 08
    custody since 1669regional placement

    Uppsala University Library

    De la Gardie presented the codex to Uppsala University in 1669. Modern editions expose the folio preserving hatizoþ.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  9. 09
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The qualified Indo-European comparison remains visible, but no single anger, wrath, hatred, grief, care, bile, persecution, or pursuit origin is promoted.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
181

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatjan

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
9STAGES5HONEST PINS4NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *xatjananNO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen support a comparative class-I weak verb without licensing one archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    hatjan represented by hatjandamNO SINGLE PIN

    Fourth-century Gothic translation tradition

    The surviving verse belongs to the Gothic Gospel translation tradition associated with Wulfila. The fourth-century translation date is distinct from the age of the surviving manuscript.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    early-sixth-century Codex Argenteusregional placement

    Ravenna

    The purple-vellum Gospel codex preserving Matthew 5:44 was probably copied in Ravenna at the beginning of the sixth century.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    sixteenth-century manuscript custodyapproximate placement

    Werden, Ruhr district

    The codex was known in the sixteenth century at a Benedictine monastery in Werden. This is the route of the evidence object, not proof that spoken Gothic traveled with it.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    imperial custody by 1600 to 1648regional placement

    Prague

    By 1600 the codex was in Prague in the hands of Emperor Rudolph II; Swedish forces took it when they stormed the city in 1648.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    Swedish royal custody after 1648regional placement

    Stockholm

    The codex reached Stockholm as spoil of war and entered Queen Christina’s library before passing to Isaac Vossius.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    Isaac Vossius and acquisition by De la GardieNO SINGLE PIN

    Holland custody

    Vossius took the manuscript to Holland; Magnus Gabriel De la Gardie later bought it and presented it to Uppsala University.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  8. 08
    custody since 1669regional placement

    Uppsala University Library

    De la Gardie presented the codex to Uppsala University in 1669. The modern library and digital editions expose the folio that preserves hatjandam.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  9. 09
    beyond secure Germanic reconstructionNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The proposed Indo-European comparison remains visible, but no single grief, care, anger, pursuit, persecution, or hate origin is promoted.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
191

REVIEWED WORD JOURNEY

hatr

OPEN DOSSIER ↗
7STAGES0HONEST PINS7NO SINGLE PIN
  1. 01
    *ḱeh₂d- and *ḱh₂d-es-NO SINGLE PIN

    Disputed Indo-European comparative horizon

    Formal comparisons extend beyond Germanic, but they do not establish one homeland, one original meaning, or one directly spoken word.

    3 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  2. 02
    *hatiz-NO SINGLE PIN

    Proto-Germanic linguistic horizon

    Germanic branch forms support a reconstructed noun stem while its exact ablaut, inflection, and semantic center remain analytical.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  3. 03
    c.1150-1200 Hatr in AM 674 a 4°NO SINGLE PIN

    Old Norse manuscript world

    A directly inspected folio visibly preserves Hatr in the Elucidarius line located and transcribed by ONP.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  4. 04
    c.1200-1225 proposed scorn contextNO SINGLE PIN

    Old Norse manuscript world

    ONP gives one AM 677 4° passage a question-marked mockery or scorn sense aligned with Latin irrisio.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  5. 05
    c.1300 lone masculine analysisNO SINGLE PIN

    Old Norse manuscript world

    ONP separates one Hirðskrá citation as masculine and flags that assignment as possibly an elementary error.

    1 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  6. 06
    54-citation neuter entry and one-citation masculine analysisNO SINGLE PIN

    Old Norse textual continuum

    The edited prose corpus preserves a dominant neuter analysis, one doubtful masculine assignment, and context-sensitive meanings. It is not reduced to one map pin.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
  7. 07
    beyond the disputed Indo-European comparisonNO SINGLE PIN

    Knowledge boundary

    The graph stops before grammar, mockery, hatred, grief, care, pain, or pursuit is declared the one prehistoric essence.

    2 DIRECT CITATIONS ↗
03

WHAT THIS MAP CAN AND CANNOT CLAIM

GEOGRAPHIC HONESTY IS PART OF THE DATA.

REGIONAL

A defensible cultural or linguistic region can be plotted, but the point summarizes an area rather than an exact address.

APPROXIMATE

A reconstructed homeland or contact zone is placed only as a broad visual orientation and uses a distinct dashed marker.

BROAD / GLOBAL

A distributed network, era, or world language has no honest single coordinate. It remains in the sequence and off the map.

TIME BOUNDS

Directly cited stages may carry exact, range, century, circa, open, or before bounds. Unbounded prose stays unparsed.

SOURCE FRONTIER

959 stages have claim-level citations and 578 have defensible numeric bounds. Every uncited or unbounded stage remains visible unfinished work.