820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
0066 MATCHING EVENTS
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
Antiquity30 ON THIS PAGE
700 BCE–600 CErange
ROUTE STAGELatin and Late Latin linguistic record
humiliate
humus through humiliāre
Physical ground and lowness, social lowliness, and the causative verb coexist across Latin stages.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval locates attested lexical stages rather than one coinage or semantic-change event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatred
*hatiz- and *hatōjan-
The secure comparative family contains a hate or enmity noun and a related verb formation, reconstructed from attested Germanic descendants.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The range is linguistic, not an archaeological location or first-use date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hate
*hatiz- and *hatōjan-
The reconstructed noun and derived weak verb are supported by attested Germanic comparanda.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatian
*hatēnan ~ *hatōjanan
Published notation varies, but the comparative Germanic verb family is supported by Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German forms.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an archaeological point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hettan
*xatjanan
Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen support a comparative verb, but no single archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token is claimed.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hetzen
*xatjanan
The Gothic, Old English, and Middle High German comparison supports a reconstructed verb, not a directly written Proto-Germanic token or single archaeological location.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatjan
*xatjanan
Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen support a comparative class-I weak verb without licensing one archaeological point or directly written Proto-Germanic token.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an attested word date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatan
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan
Orel’s Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German comparison supports a Germanic verb family, while the exact reconstruction and the possibility of specifically Gothic remodeling remain disputed.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A conventional comparative-linguistic interval, not an attested word date or archaeological point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fijan
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
The verb was inherited across Germanic, while the present-participial enemy formation had already lexicalized before Gothic according to the cross-branch noun parallels.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fijands
*fi(j)ēn- hate verb
The reconstructed verb supplies the base for the active-participial enemy formation.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fēond
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Germanic branches preserve both the hate verb and lexicalized present-participial enemy noun. The asterisked forms are comparative reconstructions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fēogan
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Germanic branches preserve related hate verbs, but the displayed form is comparative reconstruction.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fiend
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Germanic branches preserve both the hate verb and lexicalized present-participial enemy noun. The asterisked forms are comparative reconstructions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A comparative-linguistic interval rather than an attested spelling date.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hassen
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Comparative Germanic forms support a verb family beside the hate noun base while exact formation, ablaut, and semantic direction remain analytical.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
vijand
*fi(j)ēn- and *fi(j)and-
The hate verb and lexicalized participial enemy noun are comparative reconstructions shared across Germanic branches.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fiende
*fi(j)ēn- and *fi(j)and-
The hate verb and lexicalized participial enemy noun are comparative reconstructions shared across Germanic branches.
3 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not directly dated spoken tokens or a single geographic point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fīant
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and lexicalized enemy formation before the separate written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjándi
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and lexicalized enemy formation before the separate written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjende
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and enemy formation before the written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fīēn
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb before the separate written Germanic traditions.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fjá
reconstructed *fi(j)ēn-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb before the separate written Germanic traditions.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hata
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Orel's Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German set supports a shared verb family while leaving reconstruction detail open.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hatia
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Orel's Gothic, Old English, Old Frisian, Old Saxon, Old Norse, and Old High German set supports a shared verb family while leaving reconstruction detail open.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
hazzōn
*xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan beside *hatiz-
Comparative Germanic forms support a weak-verb family beside the hate noun base while exact formation, ablaut, and semantic direction remain analytical.
500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
fīunt
*fi(j)ēn- and lexicalized *fi(j)and-
Cross-branch evidence places the hate verb and enemy-agent formation before the separate written Germanic traditions.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Comparative bounds, not a directly dated spoken token or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗300 CE–399 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEFourth-century Gothic translation tradition
fijan
fijan and fijands translation system
The surviving corpus reflects a translation tradition in which the verb, productive participle, and inherited enemy noun overlap. The 42-token inventory does not equal all Gothic usage.
3 EVIDENCE LINKS
The century dates the translation tradition rather than each surviving manuscript or the birth of the lexeme.
AUDIT RECORD ↗300 CE–399 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEGothic translation tradition
hatizōn
hatizōn represented by hatizoþ in John 7:23
The fourth-century translation selects the class-II verb for Greek χολᾶτε. The translation horizon is distinct from the age of the surviving manuscript and does not prove when the verb was first formed.
3 EVIDENCE LINKS
The century dates the Gothic translation tradition, not the exact first use or derivation.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1066 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English-speaking England
fēogan
fēogan, fiógan, feón, and fión
The dictionary paradigm and examples preserve a native hate-or-persecute verb across spelling, contraction, and inflectional variation.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A broad language-period bound, not a first-utterance date or one defensible coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1150 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English records
hatred
hete and hatian
English records preserve both noun and verb. The later noun hate can be analyzed as direct continuation with remodeling or as a derivative from the verb that replaced hete.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The Old English forms are attested; their later lexical convergence is not assigned to one event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1150 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English records
hate
hete and hatian
English preserves a feeling noun and an action verb; Beowulf places the verb beside hostile deeds and injury.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The period contains multiple records; no one token is promoted as the first.
AUDIT RECORD ↗UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.