820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
001398 MATCHING EVENTS
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
Medieval30 ON THIS PAGE
700 CE–1350 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
traust
Old Norse
confidence, firmness
700 CE–1500 CErange
ROUTE STAGEScandinavia and the Old Norse world
law
approximately 700–1500
Old Norse lag and lög connect laying and order with law before and during Scandinavian contact with English.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval is the documented language horizon, not the coinage date of one legal sense.
AUDIT RECORD ↗700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
lǫg / lög; lag
Old Norse
law; a laying, layer, order, or disposition
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
hūsbōndi
Old Norse
householder; master of a house
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
bōndi
Old Norse
householder; dweller
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
būa
Old Norse
to dwell; inhabit; prepare
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
hūs
Old Norse
house
700 CE–1500 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld Norse textual world
frændi
frændi / editorial frǽndi
ONP documents friend, foster-brother or companion, relative or son, parents, and ancestor uses across the Old Norse prose record without reducing the language to one birthplace.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Conventional Old Norse bounds; individual manuscript ranges are preserved separately.
AUDIT RECORD ↗700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMMedieval Latin
exhumare
Medieval Latin
to remove from the earth
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
hatr
Old Norse textual record
hatred, enmity, spite; perhaps mockery or scorn in one uncertain context
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
hata
Old Norse prose and poetic record
to persecute; reject or despise; humiliate; hate; damage or destroy in poetic use; become or remain hostile in reflexive constructions
700 CE–1500 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
frændi
Old Norse poetic and prose record
friend or companion; especially kinsman, relative, son, parent, or ancestor
700 CE–1550 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld Norse
fjándi
Old Norse poetic and prose record
enemy or opponent; devil, demon, evil spirit, pagan god, Satan, or a derogatory hated being or thing
700 CE–2026 CErange
CANONICAL FORMPresent-Day English
December
before the 12th century–today
the twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar
725 CE–1150 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld English
lufu
before 725–c. 1150
love, affection, friendliness
750 CE–799 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEOld High German textual world
Feind
fīant and fījant from the eighth century
DWDS/Pfeifer dates the forms to the eighth century; Duden prints fīand and identifies the hating-participle analysis.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The century is source-reported and does not identify one manuscript, first speaker, or single coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–799 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEOld High German textual world
Hass
haʒ reported from the eighth century
DWDS/Pfeifer dates the form to the eighth century; the public source does not identify one inspected manuscript object in this dossier.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The representative attestation year is a century marker, not an exact first use.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–799 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEOld High German textual world
fīant
fīant and fījant reported from the eighth century
DWDS/Pfeifer supplies a century-level headword horizon; AWB documents the later corpus in extensive detail.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A source-reported century, not one first token, manuscript, speaker, or map point.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–799 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEAlemannic manuscript world
fīēn
eighth-century fîên records
AWB says the verb occurs only in Alemannic manuscripts of the eighth and ninth centuries; individual records are not converted into invented modern coordinates.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
A dictionary-reported manuscript horizon, not an exact token date or object inspection.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–899 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
fīēn
Old High German; only in Alemannic manuscripts of the eighth and ninth centuries
to hate, not love, be hostile to, detest, or reject
750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
liubī
Old High German, attested from the tenth century
love, affection, esteem, pleasure, favor
750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
liob
Old High German
dear, beloved, pleasing
750 CE–1050 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld High German reconstruction horizon
hetzen
*hezzen
A projected High German bridge is useful for formal continuity but is explicitly starred in Bailey’s data and therefore receives no manuscript pin.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The numeric bounds are the historical language period, not dates of a directly inspected token.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–1050 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld High German textual world
hassen
haʒʒēn / haʒʒōn and reported pursuit glosses
Duden publishes the variants; DWB reports Graff forms aligned with following or pursuing. No primary object was directly inspected for this stage.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The language-period interval does not identify a first use or date the proposed action sense.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–1050 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld High German transmission
hazzōn
ēn / ōn double forms as a corpus-wide problem
Research on the complete attested Old High German ēn-verb corpus finds recurring ōn double forms and identifies the Franconian area as a transition zone. The accessible abstract does not establish hazzōn as one of its twenty repeated examples.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval represents the Old High German textual period, not a date for one token or one paradigm shift.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
wīb
Old High German
woman; wife in recorded expressions
750 CE–1050 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld High German textual record
Freund
friunt from the eighth century
Pfeifer dates the form to the eighth century; Grimm supplies source-reported Old High German quotations.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
Conventional Old High German bounds with individually qualified witness records.
AUDIT RECORD ↗750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
brūt
Old High German
bride
750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
*hezzen
reconstructed Old High German bridge
a reconstructed weak verb meaning chase or persecute
750 CE–1050 CErange
CANONICAL FORMOld High German
fīant
Old High German, recorded from the eighth century
enemy; substantivized hating participant
UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.