NODE / 1131reconstructedOld High German
*hezzen
TRANSLITERATION *hezzen
a reconstructed weak verb meaning chase or persecute
- DATE
- reconstructed Old High German bridge
- SENSE
- reconstructed old high german hetzen
- FAMILY
- Indo-European / West Germanic
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:32:hezzen:reconstructed:sense:reconstructed-old-high-german-hetzen
Bailey prints the Old High German item with an asterisk, while Duden and the older Kluge tradition present an Old High German hetzen without that evidential distinction. The graph preserves the reconstruction as disputed.
*This form is reconstructed by comparison. It is not directly attested in this exact written form.
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
DESCENDANThistorical reconstructionprobable
Middle High German · Middle High German · hound pursue middle high germanhetzen / hatzen
drive dogs to hunt; pursue; incite people against someone
- SOUND
- The Middle High German verb is projected back to an Old High German weak-verb bridge; the a > e fronting and z spelling are compatible with a j-conditioned High German formation, but the exact written OHG form is disputed.
- MEANING
- The reconstructed bridge carries the chase or persecution value inferred from later German and comparative forms.
- CHRONOLOGY
- A reconstructed Old High German bridge inferred beneath attested Middle High German.
- SCHOLAR
- Christopher Gordon Bailey · Friedrich Kluge · Dudenredaktion
- CONFIDENCE
- probable — Bailey stars *hezzen, while Kluge and Duden describe an Old High German form without visibly marking it as reconstructed.
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 3
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 3
- DEEPEST PATH
- 3
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01historical reconstructionprobable
- SOUND
- The Middle High German verb is projected back to an Old High German weak-verb bridge; the a > e fronting and z spelling are compatible with a j-conditioned High German formation, but the exact written OHG form is disputed.
- MEANING
- The reconstructed bridge carries the chase or persecution value inferred from later German and comparative forms.
Christopher Gordon Bailey · Friedrich Kluge · Dudenredaktion3 CITATIONSEDGE 1121 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02historical continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Middle High German hetzen and hatzen continue into Early New High German with regional vowel and spelling variation.
- MEANING
- Driving dogs after quarry extends to urging, provoking, and setting people against other people.
Thomas Plate · Oskar Reichmann et al. · Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften3 CITATIONSEDGE 1120 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 031 EDGE
STEP 03historical continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Regional Early New High German spellings converge on standard hetzen; inflection and pronunciation continue to develop while the lexical stem remains recognizable.
- MEANING
- The inherited chase and incitement senses continue, while reflexive and intransitive hurry uses become prominent in modern German.
Dudenredaktion · Oskar Reichmann et al.2 CITATIONSEDGE 1119 ↗ “Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.That is expected for a reconstructed form: the node is inferred from comparison, not quoted from a surviving occurrence.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE