The Middle High German verb is projected back to an Old High German weak-verb bridge; the a > e fronting and z spelling are compatible with a j-conditioned High German formation, but the exact written OHG form is disputed.
MEANING
The reconstructed bridge carries the chase or persecution value inferred from later German and comparative forms.
CHRONOLOGY
A reconstructed Old High German bridge inferred beneath attested Middle High German.
SCHOLAR
Christopher Gordon Bailey · Friedrich Kluge · Dudenredaktion
CONFIDENCE
probable — Bailey stars *hezzen, while Kluge and Duden describe an Old High German form without visibly marking it as reconstructed.
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
Regional Early New High German spellings converge on standard hetzen; inflection and pronunciation continue to develop while the lexical stem remains recognizable.
MEANING
The inherited chase and incitement senses continue, while reflexive and intransitive hurry uses become prominent in modern German.
Dudenredaktion · Oskar Reichmann et al.2 CITATIONSEDGE 1119 ↗
“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.