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CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

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NODE / 0191attestedPresent-Day English

December

PRONUNCIATION /dɪˈsɛmbər/

the twelfth month of the Gregorian calendar

DATE
before the 12th century–today
SENSE
twelfth month
FAMILY
Indo-European / Germanic
CANONICAL KEY
node:1:december:attested:sense:twelfth-month

This English headword node spans the source-reported Old English period through current use; the calendar position changed, but the inherited name did not.

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ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

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GO DEEPERorthographic continuationestablished
Middle English · Middle English · calendar month

Decembre

the last month of the year

SOUND
Middle English Decembre is respelled December under renewed Latin influence and standardized capitalization.
MEANING
The month identity remains while its calendar position is twelfth.
CHRONOLOGY
Modern spelling follows the medieval transmission.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

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No reviewed descendants currently reuse this node. Absence describes the graph, not the entire history of the form.

03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

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This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
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REVIEWED EDGES
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DEEPEST PATH
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MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
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No downstream edge has cleared review for this node. This is a graph-coverage statement, not a claim that the historical form produced nothing.

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

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SOURCE-REPORTEDlexicographic first useestablished

English lexicographic first-use report for December

Source-reported Old English period; 1050 is only a sorting midpoint and no manuscript witness was directly inspected.

December dossier · recorded as December
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EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

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