The class-I -j- morphology visible in hatjandam supports the normalized infinitive hatjan and corresponds to the reconstructed *-jan- formation; Gothic h continues the Germanic fricative written x in Orel’s notation.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 1127inheritanceprobable
A CLAIM
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A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
hatjan
to hate
OPEN NODE 1137 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / reconstructedProto-Germanic · Proto-Germanic · hate jan verb formation*xatjanan
a reconstructed Germanic weak verb represented by Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, and Middle High German hetzen
OPEN NODE 1123 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The surviving Gothic clause means hate. The pursuit sense of Middle High German hetzen is a daughter-branch development and is not projected back as the only Gothic meaning.
Proto-Germanic reconstruction into the fourth-century Gothic translation tradition and early-sixth-century manuscript.
Vladimir Orel · Wilhelm Braune · Project Wulfila editors
probable — The Gothic lexeme and participial morphology are manuscript-attested; the Proto-Germanic parent and the exact relationship to class-III hatan are reconstructed and disputed.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
A Handbook of Germanic Etymology — *xataz, *xatjanan, and *xatōjananp. 203, *xatjanan: Gothic hatjan, Old English hettan, Middle High German hetzen
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Publishes the comparative class-I weak verb and its branch forms.
Lemma hatjan — Gothic dictionary and occurrence inventoryLemma hatjan, class sw.V.1-j and verified occurrence list
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Identifies the Gothic lexeme, its inflection class, and its single verified token.
Gothic Bible word analysis — Matthew 5:44, hatjandamMatthew 5:44, token hatjandam
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Analyzes the written participle as weak masculine dative plural under hatjan.
A Gothic Grammar with Selections for Reading and a Glossary — hatan and hatjan§193 note and glossary p. 170, hatjan
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Treats hatjan as the class-I shape of a verb fluctuating with class-III hatan and derives it from the hatis stem.
Grammar of the Gothic Language — glossary entries hatan, hatis, hatizōn, and hatjanGlossary p. 326, hatan and hatjan
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Lists the class-III and class-I verbs separately under the same modern gloss.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE