PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYwulfila-hatjan
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
6 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
research databasewulfila-hatjan
Lemma hatjan — Gothic dictionary and occurrence inventory
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Project Wulfila editors · Wilhelm Streitberg
- YEAR
- 2026
- PUBLISHER
- Project Wulfila · University of Antwerp
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- research database
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
011
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
RANK 29GRADE Asupports
One Gothic hate verb survives once—in a command to do good to those who hate you.
Project Wulfila’s only verified hatjan token is hatjandam in Matthew 5:44, directly visible on Codex Argenteus folio 3v. A parallel “love your enemies” command in Luke 6:27 instead uses hatandans from class-III hatan. The translation gloss “hate” therefore hides a genuine grammatical and historical dispute.
*ḱeh₂d-
*ḱeh₂d- → *ḱh₂d-es- → *hatiz- → *xatjanan → hatjan
Lemma hatjan, single verified occurrenceBounds the claim to one currently verified corpus token.
hatjan dossier ↗truth record ↗89UNVEILING
024
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
opensupportsprobable
Are hatan and hatjan two Gothic verbs or one fluctuating paradigm?
The sources preserve different analytical levels. Project Wulfila gives separate class-III and class-I lemmas; Orel publishes distinct comparative formations. Braune says hatan fluctuates with class-I hatjan, while Sturtevant proposes a specifically Gothic secondary explanation.
Lemma hatjan, sw.V.1-jSeparates the class-I lemma.
opensupportsprobable
Are hatjan and hatan two Gothic verbs or one fluctuating paradigm?
The located scholarship does not collapse to one answer. Project Wulfila gives separate class-I and class-III lemmas; Orel publishes distinct Germanic formations. Braune says hatan fluctuates between class III and class I, and Wright lists both under the same gloss.
Lemma hatjan, sw.V.1-jSeparates the class-I lemma.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Is the infinitive hatjan itself written in the surviving manuscript?
No. The directly inspected form is hatjandam, a weak masculine dative-plural present participle. Hatjan is the normalized lexical citation form assigned by Project Wulfila and the historical grammars.
Lemma hatjan and single verified occurrenceDistinguishes the normalized lemma from the written token.
resolvedsupportsestablished
Does one surviving hatjan token prove the verb was rare in spoken Gothic?
No. It proves only that the surviving and currently verified corpus contains one token assigned to this lemma. The fragmentary manuscript record cannot measure ordinary spoken frequency.
Occurrence inventory: one verified Matthew 5:44 tokenDefines the bounded surviving-corpus claim.
031
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 1127supportsprobable
hatjan → *xatjanan
Gothic → Proto-Germanic · inheritance
- SOUND
- The class-I -j- morphology visible in hatjandam supports the normalized infinitive hatjan and corresponds to the reconstructed *-jan- formation; Gothic h continues the Germanic fricative written x in Orel’s notation.
- MEANING
- The surviving Gothic clause means hate. The pursuit sense of Middle High German hetzen is a daughter-branch development and is not projected back as the only Gothic meaning.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Vladimir Orel · Wilhelm Braune · Project Wulfila editors
Lemma hatjan, class sw.V.1-j and verified occurrence listIdentifies the Gothic lexeme, its inflection class, and its single verified token.
040
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
No lexical witness currently cites this source.
050
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
No comparative-relative record currently cites this source.
060
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
No journey-stage claim currently cites this source.
070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
082
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
1 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.