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START / NODE 1203GermanNew High German and current German
hassen
The modern German weak verb for feeling hatred toward a person or for strongly disliking a thing or action. Duden traces it through Middle High German haʒʒen and Old High German haʒʒēn / haʒʒōn and adds that the older verb also meant pursue. Grimm’s DWB makes the semantic contrast explicit: it calls hostile pursuit or persecution the original sense and then describes a later, more muted center in hostile disposition rather than hostile deeds. BMZ and Lexer independently document the Middle High German verb and its literary record. The reviewed ancestry follows the reconstructed Germanic weak-verb alternatives into the *hatiz- family, preserves the qualified *ḱh₂d-es- / *ḱeh₂d- proposal, and then stops.
“German hassen has an action buried under the feeling. Duden says its older forms also meant pursue; Grimm’s DWB identifies hostile pursuit or persecution as the original sense and explicitly contrasts it with the later feeling-centered use. That is a source-attributed semantic history, not proof of one certain prehistoric scene.”OPEN COMPLETE WORD DOSSIER ↗
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Compound components and competing routes stay separate. Every arrow retains its sound change, semantic change, scholar, confidence, and exact sources.
01
PARENT ROUTES1 REVIEWED RELATIONSHIP
Germanhassen
to feel hatred toward someone; to feel strong aversion toward a person, thing, or action
↑GO DEEPER
Early New High German · Early New High German textual recordhassento hate or strongly dislike
- SOUND CHANGE
- Early New High German hassen continues into New High German with the same normalized spelling while pronunciation, inflection, and usage are standardized over time.
- SEMANTIC CHANGE
- The modern verb retains person-directed hatred and also supports a broad strong-aversion sense for things and actions; the edge does not assign one intensity to every historical token.
- SCHOLAR
- Dudenredaktion · Wolfgang Pfeifer · Jacob Grimm
- CONFIDENCE
- established — The lexical continuation and current senses are directly documented; no single date is assigned to the semantic balance.
- CHRONOLOGY
- Early New High German print into the New High German and current record.
3 CITATIONSDuden — hassenMeanings 1–2, pronunciation, and grammar DWDS — hassen, etymology after Wolfgang PfeiferCurrent headword, pronunciation, and literary examples Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob Grimm und Wilhelm Grimm — hassenhassen, verb, sense 2 and New High German examples AUDIT CANONICAL EDGE 1184 ↗
Documents the current weak verb, pronunciation, person-directed hatred, and strong-aversion sense.
ORIGINAL ↗Independently documents current usage and pronunciation.
ORIGINAL ↗Documents the later hostile-disposition center and continuing textual usage.
ORIGINAL ↗THE ASTERISK IS A PROMISE
RECONSTRUCTION IS
NOT INSCRIPTION.
Crossing into a starred form changes the evidence class. The interface marks that crossing, preserves confidence, and never manufactures the next root to make the picture look complete.