Old English hatian continues the reconstructed Germanic weak verb *hatōjan-, with the inherited stem and reduced inflection.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP RECORD
COVERAGE LEDGER ↗EDGE / 1095inheritanceestablished
A CLAIM
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A relationship—not a generated explanation. Both endpoints, every editorial field, every citation, and every dossier reuse are preserved below.
hatian
to hate, treat as an enemy, persecute, or in a cited context pursue
OPEN NODE 1100 ↗DESCENDS FROM→
PARENT / EARLIER FORM / reconstructedProto-Germanic · Proto-Germanic · hate verb formation*hatōjan-
to hate or treat with enmity
OPEN NODE 1101 ↗01
THE COMPLETE RELATIONSHIP
EVERY FIELD, NOT A FAIRY TALE
The Germanic hostile-disposition verb continues in Old English; pursuit or persecution may preserve a more concrete action sense.
Proto-Germanic reconstruction into attested Old English.
Merriam-Webster Editors · Anatoly Liberman
established — The formal inheritance is secure; the semantic priority of pursuit is proposed.
reviewed
02
CITATION REGISTER
SOURCES ON THIS EDGE
Hate — definition, etymology, and first known useVerb etymology: Germanic *hatōjan-
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Publishes the reconstructed formal path.
The shortest history of hatred continued and partly concludedOld English pursuit and Germanic verb discussion
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Supplies the proposed concrete semantic history.
HATIAN — An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, Dictionary HHATIAN entry, grammar and examples
supportsAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Documents the Old English weak verb and its attested syntactic range.
A Handbook of Germanic Etymology — *xataz, *xatjanan, and *xatōjananp. 203, *xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan
contextAUDIT SOURCE ↗ORIGINAL ↗Supplies the Germanic verb reconstruction and cognate set while preserving notation variation.
03
EDITORIAL REUSE