Reviewed dossiers resolved from the request.
MULTI-WORD EVIDENCE LAB
PAIRWISE LAB ↗CONNECT
THE WHOLE
FAMILY.
Ask how several words are related. *SET-U computes pairwise shortest paths, then builds a compact spanning forest from cited lexical edges. A shared person or text may bridge islands, but it is never mislabeled as ancestry.
Distinct forms in the spanning evidence network.
Distinct cited lexical relationships used.
Distinct bibliographic records supporting this view.
THE SPANNING EVIDENCE FOREST
1 BRANCHES CONNECT THE RESOLVED WORDS
lecture ↔ etymology
lecture
an instructional discourse; later a formal reproof
An act of reading became an instructional discourse and later a scolding.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
English adapted Late Latin lectūra through the medieval learned tradition.
Merriam-Webster editors · establishedLecture — Word History · Etymology and First Known Use ↗OPEN EDGE 57 ↗lectūra
a reading; act of reading
Reading is nominalized as an act or practice.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
lectūra is a deverbal noun built from the participial stem lēct-.
Latin lexicography · establishedLecture — Word History · lectura ↗OPEN EDGE 58 ↗lēctus
read; gathered; chosen
What has been gathered or selected becomes what has been read.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
lēctus is the suppletive-looking past participle used with legere.
Latin lexicography · establishedLecture — Word History · lectus / legere ↗OPEN EDGE 59 ↗legere
to gather, select, choose; to read
Gathering and selecting extend into reading.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
Latin legere is traditionally assigned to the *leǵ- family; *sleǵ- remains a published alternative.
Indo-European lexicography · probableIndo-European Lexicon: *leg- · root *leg- ↗OPEN EDGE 60 ↗*leǵ-
to collect, gather; with descendants involving speaking
The daughter evidence spans collecting and speaking, but the exact semantic path remains reconstructed.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
Greek λέγω is traditionally derived from PIE *leǵ-; some scholarship argues that an initial *s should be reconstructed.
UT Austin LRC · IE-CoR · Kaczyńska · proposedIndo-European Lexicon: *leg- · root *leg- ↗OPEN EDGE 49 ↗λέγω
gather; count; recount; say
Gathering, counting, recounting, speech, account, and reason form a historically layered semantic network.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
λόγος is a verbal noun in the λέγω family, with an o-grade formation represented in traditional analysis.
Logeion · comparative Greek lexicography · probableLogeion: λόγος · λόγος ↗OPEN EDGE 48 ↗λόγος
word, speech, account, reckoning, reason
The “account / study” member combines with ἔτυμος “true, real” to form etymology.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
Greek ἐτυμολογία contains the -λογία formation belonging to the λόγος family.
Ancient Greek lexicography · establishedLogeion: ἐτυμολογία · ἐτυμολογία ↗OPEN EDGE 51 ↗ἐτυμολογία
analysis of a word’s true sense
A Greek technical concept entered Latin grammatical tradition.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
Latin borrowed Greek ἐτυμολογία.
Latin and Greek lexicography · establishedLogeion: etymologia · etymologia ↗OPEN EDGE 9 ↗etymologia
explanation of a word by its origin
Scholarly explanation of a word’s origin continued.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
Old French transmitted the learned Latin form.
French historical lexicography · establishedÉtymologie: étymologie · Étymologie ↗OPEN EDGE 8 ↗ethimologie
derivation of a word
The technical term broadened into the modern historical discipline.
SOUND + EVIDENCE
English adapted the learned French form and later aligned spelling with the classical model.
OED · historical lexicography · establishedEtymology — Word History · Word History ↗OPEN EDGE 7 ↗WHAT THIS VIEW PROVES
COMPACT DOES NOT MEAN CERTAIN
Every resolved pair is searched through the undirected reviewed graph, bounded at 12 edges.
Cited ancestry, borrowing, derivation, and semantic continuation paths are preferred over historical-context bridges.
The shortest available pair paths are greedily selected until each connectable word belongs to one network.
This is a compact evidence view, not a claim that scholarship has one uniquely minimal family tree.