820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
fiende
modern Swedish record
enemy or opponent; a hostile person, state, force, or figurative threat
bridegroom
brydegrome in 1525
The opaque gome element is remodeled under familiar groom.
The point summarizes the Scots linguistic label; the year is Merriam-Webster’s source-reported first use of the remodelled headword.
AUDIT RECORD ↗bridegroom
1525–today
a man about to be or recently married
étymologie
1529–1756
French moves from explanations of particular words toward a named general inquiry into word origins.
CNRTL dates the filiation sense to 1529 and the generalized research sense to 1756.
AUDIT RECORD ↗poncho
1530 Spanish-language record
Iwasaki reports a 1530 Spanish-language record central to the Spanish-origin argument.
The year and token are source-reported here; the underlying historical object was not directly inspected.
AUDIT RECORD ↗poncho
American Spanish from at least 1530
poncho; sleeveless blanket-like garment
etymologize
current specialist verb
Transitive and intransitive uses remain lexicographically recognized.
etymologize
1532–today
discover, formulate, state, or study etymologies
etymologize
1532 transitive horizon
The verb first appears in the reviewed source record for discovering, formulating, or stating an etymology.
The range contains Merriam-Webster’s exact report and Etymonline’s decade report.
AUDIT RECORD ↗sincere
1533 first-known-use horizon
Merriam-Webster reports 1533 as the first known English use of sincere.
1533 is the reviewed lexicographic first-known-use year, not a claim that every English use began at one instant.
AUDIT RECORD ↗sincere
1533–today
genuine; honest
humiliate
circa 1534 English record
Merriam-Webster reports humiliate in English circa 1534 in the current reduction-and-shame sense.
The central year is a source-reported first-known-use horizon, not an exact borrowing event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗humiliate
circa 1534–today
reduce to a lower position in one’s own or others’ eyes; cause shame or embarrassment
intelligent
circa 1540 English record
English intelligent appears in the reviewed lexicographic record for mental capacity.
The ten-year interval encodes circa 1540 as an approximate lexicographic horizon, not proof of coinage.
AUDIT RECORD ↗intelligent
circa 1540–today
The adjective expands across judgment, rationality, life, systems, machines, and computer-guided devices.
The open interval begins at the reviewed English horizon without assigning invented dates to later technical senses.
AUDIT RECORD ↗intelligent
circa 1540–today
having or showing understanding, judgment, or mental capacity; later also computer-guided
étymologique
c. 1550
CNRTL reports noms étymologiques in Bonivard for compound names said to reveal their true sense.
A twenty-year interval encodes the source’s approximate c. 1550 label rather than false exactness.
AUDIT RECORD ↗calculate
1542 English first-known-use horizon
Calculate enters English as a learned mathematical verb. Merriam-Webster reports 1542 for its first known English use in the mathematical sense.
1542 is the reviewed English first-known-use year for the mathematical verb, not an exact date for every borrowing event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗calculate
1542 mathematical verb onward; later extensions
Calculate continues as mathematical determination and expands to practical estimation, interpretation, planning, judging probability, intending, and forecasting consequences.
The open interval begins with the reviewed 1542 mathematical horizon. It does not date every later judgment, planning, or forecasting sense to that year.
AUDIT RECORD ↗calculate
1542–today
to compute, determine, estimate, or plan
lief
Present-day Dutch
dear, sweet, kind; substantivized, a beloved person
étymologique
c. 1550–today
related to etymology; conforming to a word’s origin
vijand
New Dutch vijand and current usage
EWN, WNT, and ANW document continuation into standard Dutch, with ordinary enemy or opponent remaining central and figurative uses extending beyond people.
A language-wide continuum, not a claim that one form or meaning was uniform everywhere.
AUDIT RECORD ↗fjándi
Icelandic fjandi, Swedish fiende, and Danish fjende
The inherited noun continues with different branch-specific semantic centers; no daughter language is treated as the original.
A continuation horizon, not a single borrowing, coordinate, or semantic event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗vijand
New Dutch and current Dutch
enemy or opponent; a hostile person, group, force, or figurative threat
algebra
1551
The mathematical word enters the English lexicographic record.
1551 is the reviewed lexicographic first-known-use year for English algebra, not the date of every English occurrence.
AUDIT RECORD ↗algebra
1551–today
a mathematical discipline of symbolic and structural relations
rājā
Hindi–Urdu rājā to English raja, first reported 1555
The Sanskrit king word continues in Hindi and Urdu and is later borrowed into English as raja or rajah.
The exact year applies to the source-reported English borrowing, not to Sanskrit rājā.
AUDIT RECORD ↗select
1565 adjective horizon
English select is first reported in 1565 as an adjective for something chosen from a group.
1565 is the reviewed first-known-use year for the adjective, not the date of every borrowing occurrence.
AUDIT RECORD ↗select
1565–today
to choose from a group; chosen for value or fitness
UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.