NODE / 0931reconstructedProto-Germanic
*daigaz
TRANSLITERATION *daigaz
dough
- DATE
- Proto-Germanic
- SENSE
- dough germanic
- FAMILY
- Indo-European / Germanic
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:5:daigaz:reconstructed:sense:dough-germanic
The reconstructed Germanic noun behind the Old English and cognate forms.
*This form is reconstructed by comparison. It is not directly attested in this exact written form.
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
DESCENDANTinheritanceestablished
Old English · Old English · dough massdāg
dough
- SOUND
- Old English dāg reflects reconstructed Proto-Germanic *daigaz.
- MEANING
- The kneadable mass meaning continues in the Germanic noun family.
- SCHOLAR
- Merriam-Webster Editors · Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
- CONFIDENCE
- established
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 3
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 3
- DEEPEST PATH
- 3
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01inheritanceestablished
- SOUND
- Old English dāg reflects reconstructed Proto-Germanic *daigaz.
- MEANING
- The kneadable mass meaning continues in the Germanic noun family.
Merriam-Webster Editors · Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 928 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Middle English dogh continues Old English dāg through the recorded English sound and spelling history.
- MEANING
- The dough meaning is retained.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 927 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 031 EDGE
STEP 03continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Middle English dogh develops into modern dough with later spelling stabilization while the inherited vowel history produces /oʊ/.
- MEANING
- The kneadable flour mass remains the lexical center; money is a later slang extension.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 926 ↗ “Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.That is expected for a reconstructed form: the node is inferred from comparison, not quoted from a surviving occurrence.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE