NODE / 0837attestedAncient Greek
ὤψ
TRANSLITERATION ṓps
eye; face
- DATE
- Ancient Greek
- SENSE
- eye face
- FAMILY
- Indo-European / Hellenic
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:10:ops:attested:sense:eye-face
The second component in the conventional analysis of πρόσωπον.
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
DESCENDANTcompound componentestablished
Ancient Greek · Ancient Greek · face mask characterπρόσωπον
face; countenance; mask; character
- SOUND
- Greek πρόσωπον is conventionally analyzed with ὤψ or ὠπ-, eye or face, beside separately modeled pros-.
- MEANING
- Face and eye supply the visible-surface component that develops mask and character senses.
- CHRONOLOGY
- A morphological analysis inside Greek.
- SCHOLAR
- American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Liddell, Scott, and Jones
- CONFIDENCE
- established
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 6
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 6
- DEEPEST PATH
- 6
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01compound componentestablished
- SOUND
- Greek πρόσωπον is conventionally analyzed with ὤψ or ὠπ-, eye or face, beside separately modeled pros-.
- MEANING
- Face and eye supply the visible-surface component that develops mask and character senses.
American Heritage Dictionary Editors · Liddell, Scott, and Jones2 CITATIONSEDGE 838 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02proposed comparisonproposed
- SOUND
- Etruscan phersu has been compared with Greek πρόσωπον, but the exact historical direction and mediation are uncertain.
- MEANING
- Masked figure, face, mask, and character provide a semantic comparison.
Merriam-Webster Editors · Marta Di Napoli2 CITATIONSEDGE 837 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 031 EDGE
STEP 03competing borrowingproposed
- SOUND
- Latin persōna is probably related to or borrowed from Etruscan phersu.
- MEANING
- An Etruscan masked figure is proposed behind the Latin mask, role, and person word.
Oxford Classical Dictionary Editors · Marta Di Napoli · Merriam-Webster Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 836 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 041 EDGE
STEP 04inheritanceestablished
- SOUND
- Anglo-French persone continues Latin persōna.
- MEANING
- Mask, role, character, and person senses travel through Romance.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 835 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 051 EDGE
STEP 05borrowingestablished
- SOUND
- Middle English persone was borrowed through Anglo-French persone.
- MEANING
- The person and character noun crosses through French into English.
HISTORICAL STEP 061 EDGE
STEP 06continuationestablished
- SOUND
- Modern person continues Middle English persone with loss of final unstressed e and stabilized spelling.
- MEANING
- Role and individual reference develop into the modern person noun.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 833 ↗ “Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE