*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

TRACE A WORD ↗
NODE / 0772attestedOld English

rīce

TRANSLITERATION rīce

strong, powerful

DATE
Old English
SENSE
strong powerful adjective
FAMILY
Indo-European / West Germanic
CANONICAL KEY
node:3:rice:attested:sense:strong-powerful-adjective

The Old English semantic center is power rather than possessions alone.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
GO DEEPERinheritanceestablished
Proto-Germanic · Proto-Germanic horizon · powerful kingly adjective

*rīkja-

powerful, rich, kingly

SOUND
Old English rīce reflects Germanic *rīkja-.
MEANING
The powerful or kingly adjective supports later wealth senses.
CHRONOLOGY
The Germanic form is reconstructed.
SCHOLAR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
Indo-European Root reg-supportsreg-, Germanic *rīkja- to Old English rīce

Publishes the Germanic formation and Old English reflex.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 772 ↗
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

1
DESCENDANTinheritanceestablished
Middle English · Middle English · wealthy powerful

riche

wealthy, powerful, rich

SOUND
Middle English riche continues Old English rīce while also receiving French-family influence represented separately.
MEANING
Strong and powerful develop toward wealthy and abundant.
CHRONOLOGY
American Heritage reports both Old English and Old French inputs.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
Rich — Definition, Word History, and First Known UsesupportsEtymology: Middle English riche from Old English rice

Publishes the inherited English route.

ORIGINAL ↗
Rich — American Heritage DictionarycontextEtymology: Middle English from Old French and Old English rice

Preserves the additional French input.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 771 ↗
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

2

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
2
REVIEWED EDGES
2
DEEPEST PATH
2
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
1
rich2 connected nodes
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01inheritanceestablished
Old Englishrīce→Middle English · Middle Englishrichewealthy, powerful, rich
SOUND
Middle English riche continues Old English rīce while also receiving French-family influence represented separately.
MEANING
Strong and powerful develop toward wealthy and abundant.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 771 ↗
Rich — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use · Etymology: Middle English riche from Old English rice ↗Rich — American Heritage Dictionary · Etymology: Middle English from Old French and Old English rice ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02continuationestablished
Middle Englishriche→Present-Day English · before 12th century–todayrichwealthy, abundant, valuable, or intense
SOUND
Modern rich continues Middle English riche through English spelling and sound history.
MEANING
Power and wealth broaden across abundance, value, color, flavor, and intensity.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 770 ↗
Rich — Definition, Word History, and First Known Use · Definitions, Word History, and First Known Use ↗Rich — American Heritage Dictionary · Headword definitions and etymology ↗

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

0
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.

The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.

05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

1
03richrīce · established