*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

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NODE / 0740attestedLatin

rēgula

TRANSLITERATION rēgula

straightedge, ruler, rule

DATE
Latin
SENSE
straightedge rule
FAMILY
Indo-European / Italic
CANONICAL KEY
node:9:regula:attested:sense:straightedge-rule

The physical straightedge and abstract rule coexist in the Latin history.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
GO DEEPERderivationestablished
Proto-Indo-European · Proto-Indo-European suffixed formation · straight rod formation

*rēg-olā-

straight piece or rod formation

SOUND
Latin rēgula continues reconstructed suffixed *rēg-olā-.
MEANING
A straight piece or rod develops both measuring and normative rule senses.
CHRONOLOGY
The parent is a comparative morphological reconstruction.
SCHOLAR
Calvert Watkins and American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

3
DESCENDANTborrowingestablished
Anglo-French · Anglo-French · guide for action

reule

guide, rule

SOUND
Anglo-French reule continues Latin rēgula through Romance sound and spelling history.
MEANING
A straightedge or ruler also supplies an abstract guide or principle.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
DESCENDANTderivationestablished
Late Latin · Late Latin · according to rule

rēgulāris

regular; according to rule

SOUND
Late Latin rēgulāris is an adjective formed from Latin rēgula.
MEANING
Of a bar or according to rule develops orderly and regular senses.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

11

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
11
REVIEWED EDGES
11
DEEPEST PATH
4
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
3
HISTORICAL STEP 013 EDGES
HISTORICAL STEP 023 EDGES
HISTORICAL STEP 033 EDGES
STEP 03continuationestablished
SOUND
Modern rule continues Middle English reule through English spelling and pronunciation history.
MEANING
A guide for action expands across standards, authority, procedures, and measurement.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 724 ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 042 EDGES
STEP 04continuationestablished
SOUND
Modern regular continues Middle English reguler through English spelling and sound history.
MEANING
Living by a rule expands to orderly, patterned, recurring, standard, and normal.
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors2 CITATIONSEDGE 731 ↗

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

0
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.

The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.

05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

3