*SET-U

CANONICAL LANGUAGE GRAPH

TRACE A WORD ↗
NODE / 0371attestedQuechua source (variety unspecified)

llama

llama; Lama glama

DATE
Quechua historical and modern record
SENSE
andean camelid
FAMILY
Quechuan / Quechua
CANONICAL KEY
node:58:llama:attested:sense:andean-camelid

The reviewed English and Spanish dictionaries do not identify one regional Quechua donor variety.

01

ANCESTRAL EDGES

ROOT OF THIS ROOT

1
*
THE TRAIL ENDS HERE.

No securely reviewed ancestor extends beyond this node. 1 evidence path stops at this boundary.

INSPECT 1 CITED BOUNDARY CLAIM
GO DEEPERknowledge boundaryboundary
Beyond secure reconstruction · before the reviewed Quechua animal word

UNKNOWN

No deeper Quechuan reconstruction is asserted.

SOUND
The reviewed sources identify Quechua but do not present a deeper reconstruction or a uniquely localized donor variety.
MEANING
The trail ends at the attested Quechua animal word.
SCHOLAR
SET-U editorial boundary
CONFIDENCE
boundary
Llama — Word HistorysupportsEtymology stops at Quechua

No deeper or variety-specific source is supplied.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 347 ↗
02

DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES

THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP

1
DESCENDANTborrowingestablished
Spanish · colonial and modern Spanish · andean camelid

llama

llama; Andean camelid

SOUND
Spanish adopted Quechua llama with little visible alteration.
MEANING
The Quechua animal name remained the animal label.
CHRONOLOGY
Colonial Spanish transmission preceded the English record.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster · RAE editors
CONFIDENCE
established
Llama — Word HistorysupportsWord History — Spanish, from Quechua

Identifies the Quechua source.

ORIGINAL ↗
Llama — Diccionario de la lengua españolasupportsllama² — del quechua llama

The Spanish dictionary independently identifies Quechua.

ORIGINAL ↗
Yachachinapaq shimikuna — chawpin qichwa: Vocabulario pedagógico quechua centralsupportsp. 144 — llama, camélido andino, Lama glama

Institutional vocabulary directly attests Quechua llama.

ORIGINAL ↗
OPEN CANONICAL EDGE 346 ↗
03

TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE

EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE

2

This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.

UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
2
REVIEWED EDGES
2
DEEPEST PATH
2
MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
1
llama2 connected nodes
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01borrowingestablished
Quechua source (variety unspecified)llama→Spanish · colonial and modern Spanishllamallama; Andean camelid
SOUND
Spanish adopted Quechua llama with little visible alteration.
MEANING
The Quechua animal name remained the animal label.
Merriam-Webster · RAE editors3 CITATIONSEDGE 346 ↗
Llama — Word History · Word History — Spanish, from Quechua ↗Llama — Diccionario de la lengua española · llama² — del quechua llama ↗Yachachinapaq shimikuna — chawpin qichwa: Vocabulario pedagógico quechua central · p. 144 — llama, camélido andino, Lama glama ↗
HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE

“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.

04

RECORDED EVIDENCE

ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE

0
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.

The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.

05

EDITORIAL REUSE

WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE

1
03llamallama · established