NODE / 0033attestedLatin
astrum
star; constellation
- DATE
- Latin antiquity
- SENSE
- default
- FAMILY
- Indo-European / Italic
- CANONICAL KEY
- node:9:astrum:attested
01ANCESTRAL EDGES
ROOT OF THIS ROOT
GO DEEPERinheritanceprobable
Proto-Indo-European · c. 4500–2500 BCE*h₂ster-
star
- SOUND
- Latin astrum belongs to the inherited Indo-European star family; details of formation and Greek contact require care.
- MEANING
- The referent remains a star or celestial body.
- SCHOLAR
- Comparative Indo-European lexicography
- CONFIDENCE
- probable — The graph does not collapse every ancient star-form into one undifferentiated route.
02DIRECT DESCENDANT EDGES
THE NEXT HISTORICAL STEP
03TRANSITIVE DESCENDANT CLOSURE
EVERY REVIEWED BRANCH FROM HERE
This is the complete downstream closure currently supported by the canonical graph. Every displayed step is a real reviewed edge with its own sound claim, meaning claim, scholar, confidence, and citations.
- UNIQUE DESCENDANT NODES
- 4
- REVIEWED EDGES
- 4
- DEEPEST PATH
- 4
- MODERN DOSSIERS REACHED
- 1
HISTORICAL STEP 011 EDGE
STEP 01inheritanceestablished
- SOUND
- Italian astro continues Latin astrum through regular Romance development.
- MEANING
- The celestial-body meaning remains stable.
Latin and Romance lexicography1 CITATIONEDGE 27 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 021 EDGE
STEP 02derivationestablished
- SOUND
- Italian disastro combines the negative prefix dis- with astro “star.”
- MEANING
- An unfavorable star or astral influence became calamity.
HISTORICAL STEP 031 EDGE
STEP 03borrowingprobable
- SOUND
- French désastre and Italian disastro belong to the same Romance formation and transmission history.
- MEANING
- Astrologically unfavorable influence generalized to severe misfortune.
Romance historical lexicography1 CITATIONEDGE 25 ↗ HISTORICAL STEP 041 EDGE
STEP 04borrowingestablished
- SOUND
- English adapted the French form, including stress and final syllable.
- MEANING
- The inherited calamity sense became the general modern category of disaster.
“Every” means every descendant in the reviewed SET-U graph. It does not convert missing scholarship or missing ingestion into a claim of historical completeness. The coverage ledger remains the honest denominator.
04RECORDED EVIDENCE
ATTESTATIONS / FIRST KNOWN USE
NO RECORDED WITNESS ATTACHED.The reviewed graph does not yet attach a source-reported or directly inspected witness to this canonical form.
05EDITORIAL REUSE
WORD DOSSIERS USING THIS NODE