WITNESS
THE WORD.

The first edition of the Académie française dictionary prints DESASTRE as a headword and defines it as a disastrous accident or misfortune.

LANGUAGE

French

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

First edition, tome 1, printed page 61, Gallica leaf f89, right column

FACSIMILE

Linked

The Gallica page image was directly inspected. It verifies the unaccented 1694 French dictionary headword DESASTRE and its opening definition; it is not claimed as the earliest French or English occurrence.

The first edition of the Académie française dictionary prints HOSTEL as a headword in the historical French family later normalized as hôtel.

LANGUAGE

French

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

First edition, tome 1, printed page 572, Gallica leaf f600, left column

FACSIMILE

Linked

The Gallica page image was directly inspected. It verifies the historical dictionary form HOSTEL in 1694 within the French hotel family; it does not show the modern accented spelling hôtel and is not claimed as the earliest French or English occurrence.

The PESTE entry in the first edition of the Académie française dictionary uses quarantaine for imposed isolation after travel from a place suspected of plague.

LANGUAGE

French

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

First edition, tome 2, printed page 225, Gallica leaf f233, right column, PESTE entry

FACSIMILE

Linked

The Gallica page image was directly inspected. It verifies a 1694 contextual use of quarantaine for medical isolation inside the PESTE entry; it is not a QUARANTAINE headword and is not claimed as the earliest occurrence.

The first edition of the Académie française dictionary prints SINCERE as a headword and opens with the senses true and frank.

LANGUAGE

French

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

First edition, tome 2, printed page 480, Gallica leaf f488, lower left column

FACSIMILE

Linked

The Gallica page image was directly inspected. It verifies the unaccented 1694 French dictionary headword SINCERE and its opening definition; it is not claimed as the earliest French or English occurrence.

A bibliographic note in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum names December while pointing readers to the December 1682 Acta Eruditorum.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [816], left column, note above TANGENT; e-rara content image 2867880

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of December as a month name; it is not a DECEMBER headword, is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence, and does not prove the Roman tenth-to-twelfth-month history or deeper ancestry.

John Harris’s Lexicon technicum prints ALGEBRA as a headword and identifies it as an analytic art concerned with equations.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [53], right column, entry ALGEBRA; e-rara content image 2867117

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies the ALGEBRA headword and opening definition in Harris’s 1704 English dictionary; it is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence or as evidence for the deeper Arabic lineage.

The e-rara object record and searchable scan locate John Harris's dictionary definition of algorithm.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

e-rara image 55, right column, entry ALGORITHM; content image 2867119

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies the ALGORITHM headword and definition in John Harris's 1704 volume; it is not claimed as the earliest surviving English occurrence.

The CHIMES entry in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum uses calculate in instructions about clock-chime numbers.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [161], right column, CHIMES entry; e-rara content image 2867225

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual English use of calculate in 1704 inside the CHIMES entry; it is not a CALCULATE headword and is not claimed as the earliest occurrence.

A tide passage in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum uses check as a verb meaning restrain or impede.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [834], left column, tide explanation; e-rara content image 2867898

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 verbal use of check in the restrain-or-impede sense; it is not a CHECK headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not establish the later verify sense, banking senses, or Persian chess ancestry.

A passage about the crystalline lens in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum uses the inflected English form collects while describing how the lens gathers and refracts rays.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [240], right column, crystalline-lens passage; e-rara content image 2867304

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of inflected collects; it is not a COLLECT headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the deeper Latin or reconstructed ancestry.

John Harris’s Lexicon technicum prints DECIMAL in the head phrase DECIMAL Fraction and begins its mathematical definition.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [251], left column, entry DECIMAL Fraction; e-rara content image 2867315

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies DECIMAL in a 1704 English mathematical head phrase; it is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence and does not by itself prove the word’s French or Latin ancestry.

John Harris’s Lexicon technicum prints ETYMOLOGY as a headword and defines it as the part of grammar concerned with words’ origins and true signification.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [321], right column, entry ETYMOLOGY; e-rara content image 2867385

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies the ETYMOLOGY headword and opening definition in Harris’s 1704 English dictionary; it is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence and does not by itself prove the deeper Greek or reconstructed ancestry.

John Harris’s NOSOCOMIUM entry uses Hospital for an institution where poor sick people are attended and, if possible, cured.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [572], left column, entry NOSOCOMIUM; e-rara content image 2867636

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Hospital in the medical-care sense; it is not a HOSPITAL headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the earlier lodging senses or Latin ancestry.

The PAPER-OFFICE entry in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum includes Letters of Intelligence among official papers communicated to the King’s Council.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [600], left column, PAPER-OFFICE entry; e-rara content image 2867664

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Intelligence for official information or reports; it is not an INTELLIGENCE headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the mental-capacity sense or deeper ancestry.

A passage in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum cites a Lecture by Nehemiah Grew about varieties of taste read before the Royal Society.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [818], left column, lower TAST passage; e-rara content image 2867882

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Lecture for a discourse read before the Royal Society; it is not a LECTURE headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the Latin reading ancestry.

John Harris’s FEE-FARM entry uses Legal to mark the specifically legal sense of the term.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [333], left column, FEE-FARM entry; e-rara content image 2867397

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Legal meaning related to law; it is not a LEGAL headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the Latin lex family or any disputed deeper reconstruction.

John Harris’s Lexicon technicum prints the historical English headword LOGICK and opens by calling it the art of right thinking.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [491], entry LOGICK; e-rara content image 2867555

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies the historical spelling LOGICK and opening definition in 1704; it does not show the modern spelling logic, establish the earliest English occurrence, or prove the deeper Greek and reconstructed ancestry.

John Harris’s Lexicon technicum prints MUSCLE as a headword and defines its role in voluntary animal motion.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [563], left column, entry MUSCLE; e-rara content image 2867627

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies the MUSCLE headword and opening definition in Harris’s 1704 English dictionary; it is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence or as proof of the historical mouse metaphor.

A banking-exchange passage in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum uses Salary for the banker’s compensation.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [187], banking-exchange passage; e-rara content image 2867251

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Salary for a banker’s compensation; it is not a SALARY headword, is not claimed as the earliest English occurrence, and does not prove the Latin ancestry or the salt-payment myth.

The SYSTEM entry in John Harris’s Lexicon technicum uses Science for an organized branch of knowledge when defining a system of philosophy.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [812], left column, SYSTEM entry, “System of Philosophy”; e-rara content image 2867876

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 use of Science in the branch-of-knowledge sense; it is not a SCIENCE headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the French, Latin, or proposed reconstructed ancestry.

John Harris’s NOTES in Musick entry describes a fixed group of six select syllables formerly used to distinguish degrees of sound.

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Image [572], left column, NOTES in Musick entry; e-rara content image 2867636

FACSIMILE

Linked

The e-rara page image was directly inspected. It verifies a contextual 1704 adjectival use of select for a specially chosen set of syllables; it is not a SELECT headword, is not claimed as the earliest occurrence, and does not prove the Latin morphology or reconstructed ancestry.

The photographed English title page prints the plural headword in “Rossum's Universal Robots.”

LANGUAGE

Present-Day English

WITNESS TYPE

Printed book

LOCATOR

Title-page spread, title line “R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots)”

FACSIMILE

Linked

Directly inspected title-page occurrence in a photographed 1923 English edition. This object verifies “Robots” in the title of this edition; it is not claimed as the first English use and does not verify unpictured pages of the play.