820 canonical forms + 578 route stages.
THE TIMELINE ATLAS
JOURNEY ATLAS ↗FORM / ROUTE / BOUND
1398 REVIEWED EVENTSLANGUAGE
IN TIME.
One cross-word chronology for every defensibly bounded form and journey stage—without converting a vague historical label into a fake year.
A reviewed graph bound, not a claim of an earliest human word.
Only stages with directly cited numeric bounds enter this atlas.
Labels remain visible in Journey Atlas, but not parsed into false years.
0043 MATCHING EVENTS
FILTER THE CHRONOLOGY
WHEN DID THE EVIDENCE LAND?
TWO CLOCKS.
NO FALSE PRECISION.
FORM CHRONOLOGY dates a canonical linguistic form or reconstruction in the lexical graph.
ROUTE CHRONOLOGY dates a geographic or transmission stage in a word’s journey.
They can share an era band, but they are never silently treated as the same kind of claim.
CROSS-WORD CHRONOLOGY / EARLIEST BOUND FIRST
THE EVIDENCE IN TIME
Prehistory4 ON THIS PAGE
4500 BCE–2500 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEIndo-European linguistic horizon
-rīx
*h₃reg̑- and lengthened *rēg-
The straight-and-direct family develops a ruler or king formation.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval marks the project’s comparative horizon; it is not a pinpointed homeland, event, or attested token.
AUDIT RECORD ↗4500 BCE–2500 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEIndo-European linguistic horizon
rēx
*h₃reg̑- to lengthened *rēg-
The straight-and-direct family develops the reconstructed ruler or king grade.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval marks the project’s comparative horizon; it is not a dated king title, homeland point, or social institution.
AUDIT RECORD ↗4500 BCE–2500 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEIndo-European comparative horizon
king
*ǵenh₁- and suffixed zero grade
The reviewed trail begins in a reconstructed birth-and-generation family whose derivatives name lineage and kin.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval is the project’s comparative horizon, not a point homeland, first word, or date for monarchy.
AUDIT RECORD ↗1300 BCE–800 BCErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Celtic linguistic horizon
-rīx
*rīx-s
Celtic raises inherited *ē to *ī in the reconstructed king nominative.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Proto-Celtic and these bounds are reconstructed analytical horizons rather than directly witnessed coordinates.
AUDIT RECORD ↗Antiquity11 ON THIS PAGE
700 BCE–600 CErange
ROUTE STAGEAncient Greek speech communities
dialogue
Ancient Greek record
Dialogos, dialegesthai, dia-, and legein create the through-speaking and conversation family.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval locates the reviewed Ancient Greek lexical horizon rather than one first utterance.
AUDIT RECORD ↗700 BCE–600 CErange
ROUTE STAGEAncient Greek linguistic record
-logy
-logiā, logos, and legein
The bound formation belongs to a dense Greek family of word, speech, discourse, account, reckoning, and speaking.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval locates the named Ancient Greek record, not the first creation of the formation.
AUDIT RECORD ↗700 BCE–700 CErange
ROUTE STAGELatin linguistic world
rēx
rēg- across the rēx, rēgis paradigm
Latin preserves the long vowel of the king grade while case endings make the final stem consonant alternately visible as g and x.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The language interval is broad and conventional; it does not claim one first utterance or map coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–200 CErange
ROUTE STAGEProto-Germanic linguistic horizon
king
*kunja- plus *-inga-/*-unga-
A lineage noun and person-forming suffix produce the reconstructed king title; Germanic contact also lends an archaic form into Finnic.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The broad language interval does not date one formation or borrowing event; EWA supplies the derivation and borrowing direction.
AUDIT RECORD ↗500 BCE–500 CErange
ROUTE STAGELatin-speaking Mediterranean
hospitality
Latin antiquity
Hospes, hospitālis, and hospitālitās encode reciprocal guest and host roles and the practice of receiving guests.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval locates the reviewed Latin family rather than one innovation event.
AUDIT RECORD ↗300 BCE–500 CErange
ROUTE STAGELatin-speaking Mediterranean
candid
Latin antiquity
Candēre and candidus name shining, brightness, and whiteness.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The broad interval locates the reviewed Latin lexical horizon, not one moment of semantic innovation.
AUDIT RECORD ↗300 BCE–500 CErange
ROUTE STAGELatin-speaking Mediterranean
candor
Latin antiquity
Latin candor names brightness, radiance, whiteness, and favorable disposition.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The interval locates the reviewed Latin horizon rather than one first occurrence.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1066 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English-speaking England
fēond
fēond, fīond, fīend, and fȳnd
Dialect and inflection create multiple Old English vowels and plural patterns without creating separate enemy lexemes.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The political dates bound a broad Old English stage; they do not date the first utterance or every cited manuscript.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1066 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English-speaking England
fēogan
fēogan, fiógan, feón, and fión
The dictionary paradigm and examples preserve a native hate-or-persecute verb across spelling, contraction, and inflectional variation.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
A broad language-period bound, not a first-utterance date or one defensible coordinate.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1066 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English-speaking England
fiend
fēond, fīond, fīend, and fȳnd
Dialect and inflection create multiple Old English vowels and plural patterns without creating separate enemy lexemes. Enemy, foe, and Devil uses coexist in the written record.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The political dates bound a broad Old English stage; they do not date the first utterance or every cited manuscript.
AUDIT RECORD ↗450 CE–1150 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld English records
king
cyning
Pre-Old-English i-umlaut fronts u to y, and Old English records the inherited ruler title.
2 EVIDENCE LINKS
The interval is the attested Old English language period; the cited lexicon record is not a claim that every token spans it.
AUDIT RECORD ↗Medieval15 ON THIS PAGE
960 CE–961 CErange
ROUTE STAGEOld Norse poetic world
fjándi
source-reported 960–961 enemy records
Lexicon Poeticum places fjándi in tenth-century poetry as an ordinary enemy noun, while warning that dates require checking.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
Source-reported composition dates under an explicit project disclaimer, not manuscript-production dates.
AUDIT RECORD ↗1000 CE–1049 CErange
ROUTE STAGEPersian-speaking world
chai
By the 11th century in a source report
Encyclopaedia Iranica reports Bīrūnī discussing čāy and its use in China and Tibet.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The source places Biruni's report in the first half of the eleventh century; the encoded interval is 1000–1049.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
woman
woman before the 12th century
The ordinary modern word emerges from the contracted compound.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint encodes only the source-reported before-the-twelfth-century horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
man
man before the 12th century
The inherited word continues into global English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint encodes only the source-reported before-the-twelfth-century horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
lord
lord before the 12th century
The reduced title is recorded in English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint encodes only the source-reported before-the-twelfth-century horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
lady
lady before the 12th century
The rank and household word is recorded in English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint encodes only the source-reported before-the-twelfth-century horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
wife
wife before the 12th century
The inherited word is recorded in English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint encodes only the source-reported before-the-twelfth-century horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗BEFORE 1100 CEbefore
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
loaf
loaf before the 12th century
Middle English lof continues into the modern noun.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The endpoint preserves only Merriam-Webster’s source-reported first-use horizon.
AUDIT RECORD ↗1150 CE–1500 CErange
ROUTE STAGEMiddle English records
king
king, kyng, kining, and cining forms
Disyllabic and syncopated spellings coexist before the contracted king form stabilizes.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The Middle English Dictionary supplies the form inventory but not one single date for the contraction across every dialect.
AUDIT RECORD ↗1200 CE–1299 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEGlobal English
realm
13th century–today
Realm broadens from kingdom to any domain, sphere, or major biogeographic division.
1200 CE–1299 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
person
person, 13th century
The individual-human noun is recorded in English and later spreads globally.
1200 CE–1299 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
husband
husband, 13th century
The married-man sense becomes the dominant modern center.
1284 CE–1546 CErange
ROUTE STAGEFrench candidat and learned circulation
candidate
1284 French record; 1546 public-office sense
CNRTL records French candidat in 1284 in an elite-soldier sense and in 1546 for a person seeking public office, with later academic use. This documents European circulation without claiming French was necessarily the direct donor to English.
1 EVIDENCE LINK
The 1284–1546 interval connects two explicitly dated French records with different senses. It is a documentary range, not the full life span of French candidat or a claim of continuous unchanged meaning.
AUDIT RECORD ↗1300 CE–1399 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
female
female, 14th century
The borrowed form is respelled under male and later spreads globally.
1300 CE–1399 CEcentury
ROUTE STAGEEnglish-speaking world
male
male, 14th century
The word enters recorded English independently of female’s ancestry.
UNBOUNDED IS
A REAL RESULT.
Stages without source-backed numeric bounds stay in their complete Journey Atlas route, carry an explicit temporal note, and remain absent here until the evidence supports normalization. The missing point is visible work—not permission to guess.