PERMANENT SOURCE RECORD
ALL SOURCES ↗BIBLIOGRAPHIC IDENTITYwnt-vijand
SOURCE
RECORD.
One work. Every claim that depends on it. No citation without a consequence you can inspect.
8 PUBLIC LINKS INTO THE GRAPH.
This count excludes duplicate dossier-path citations. Open the claims below to see exactly how the source is used.
historical dictionarywnt-vijand
Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal — VIJAND
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal editorial team
- YEAR
- 1959
- PUBLISHER
- Instituut voor de Nederlandse Taal
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- historical dictionary
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
010
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
No ranked contrarian reveal currently cites this source.
021
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
resolvedcontextestablished
Does modern vijand refer only to one personally hated individual?
No. Current and historical Dutch evidence covers persons, groups, political or military opponents, figurative threats, diseases, animals, and plant threats.
Noun senses I.A and I.BDocuments the broad historical semantic architecture.
032
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
EDGE 1192supportsestablished
vijand → viant / vient
Dutch → Middle Dutch · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Middle Dutch viant, viand, uiant, and vient continue into New Dutch vijand and vyand as initial consonant spelling, vowel representation, final d or t, and the full ending become standardized unevenly across the record.
- MEANING
- The ordinary enemy or opponent remains central. Medieval Devil and monster branches become historical rather than the default modern Dutch sense, while figurative opponent uses expand.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- Marlies Philippa · Frans Debrabandere · WNT editorial team
Opening etymology and noun sense architecturePublishes Middle Dutch variants, modern vijand, and the historical-to-current semantic range.
EDGE 1193contextestablished
viant / vient → fīunt / fīant
Middle Dutch → Old Dutch · historical continuation
- SOUND
- Old Dutch fīunt and fīant continue into Middle Dutch viant, viand, uiant, and vient through West Germanic vowel, initial fricative, glide, inflectional, and spelling developments that the corpus preserves as variants rather than one universal intermediate.
- MEANING
- Enemy or opponent continues. A Devil sense is securely widespread in Middle Dutch, while the earliest Old Dutch Devil reading remains textually disputed.
- SCHOLAR / EDITOR
- ONW editorial team · VMNW editorial team · Marlies Philippa · Frans Debrabandere
Opening historical forms and etymologyIndependently connects Old and Middle Dutch forms with the wider Germanic noun.
040
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
No lexical witness currently cites this source.
054
COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
061
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
stage 7supports
Dutch-language continuum
Documents ordinary and figurative historical Dutch uses.
Historical forms and broad noun sense architecture · broad070
NON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
No non-genealogical context link currently cites this source.
081
WORD-FAMILY REUSE
DOSSIERS THAT DEPEND ON THIS SOURCE
2 entry-scoped citations map reviewed dossier paths onto the canonical claims above.