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Codex Argenteus facsimile 145 — folio 123r, Luke 1:69–77
- AUTHOR / EDITOR
- Uppsala University Library · Project Codex Argenteus Online
- YEAR
- 1927
- PUBLISHER
- Project Codex Argenteus Online
- DOI
- Not recorded
- SOURCE TYPE
- digitized primary source
- EXTERNAL RECORD
- OPEN ORIGINAL ↗
CONTRARIAN TRUTH CLAIMS
RANKED REVEALS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Gothic’s two hate verbs trade places across two passages.
The complete surviving hatan corpus contains only hatandane in Luke 1:71 and hatandans in Luke 6:27. In Luke 1, fijandam supplies enemies while hatandane supplies those hating; in Luke 6, hatandans supplies enemies while fijandam supplies those hating. Both Codex Argenteus pages are directly inspected. The lexical swap—and the class-III versus class-I dispute—cannot be represented by one timeless translation arrow.
*ḱeh₂d- → *ḱh₂d-es- → *hatiz- → *xatēnan ~ *xatōjanan → hatan
Folio 123r, line containing þize hatandane unsisProvides the first directly inspected manuscript object.
Enemy is a fossilized hater—but 21 Gothic tokens still refuse to choose.
Project Wulfila lists 42 candidates under fijan and 26 under the enemy noun fijands. Their intersection is exactly 21 surface tokens. Ayora Estevan explains the collision: *fi(j)and- had lexicalized as enemy before Gothic, while Gothic still possessed the productive present participle one who hates. Case and syntax resolve some passages; the remaining 21 stay public as noun-versus-participle ambiguity.
*peh₁- → *fi(j)ēn- → fijan
Folio 123r, ambiguous fijandamProvides one directly inspected overlap token.
Enemy is a fossilized hater—but lexicalization does not make every token transparent.
Project Wulfila lists 26 candidates under the Gothic enemy noun and 42 under the verb fijan; exactly 21 surface tokens belong to both inventories. Ayora Estevan explains why: Proto-Germanic had already lexicalized one who hates as enemy, while Gothic retained the productive participle. The five noun-only tokens are directly inspected; the 21-token overlap remains public instead of being counted twice as certainty.
*peh₁- → *fi(j)ēn- → *fi(j)and- → fijands
Folio 123r, fijandeProvides a fourth directly inspected noun-only token.
SCHOLARLY DISAGREEMENT
DISPUTE POSITIONS THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Does the Codex Argenteus route map the spread of fijan?
No. Werden, Prague, Stockholm, Holland, and Uppsala trace custody of four inspected evidence objects long after Gothic ceased to be a living vernacular in those places.
Folio 123r facsimileIdentifies the third inspected object inside that route.
Does the Codex Argenteus route map the geographic spread of fijands?
No. Werden, Prague, Stockholm, Holland, and Uppsala trace custody of evidence objects long after Gothic ceased to be a living vernacular in those places.
Folio 123r facsimileIdentifies the fourth inspected noun-only token.
Does the Codex Argenteus route map the spread of hatan?
No. It maps custody of the two directly inspected evidence objects. The codex traveled through Werden, Prague, Stockholm, Holland, and Uppsala long after Gothic ceased to be a living vernacular in those places.
Folio 123r, facsimile 145Identifies one directly inspected object inside that custody route.
CANONICAL RELATIONSHIP CLAIMS
EDGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
LEXICAL ATTESTATIONS
WITNESSES REPORTED BY THIS SOURCE
hatan
Codex Argenteus, Luke 1:71
OPEN WITNESS 263 ↗fijan
Codex Argenteus, Luke 1:71
OPEN WITNESS 286 ↗fijands
Codex Argenteus, Luke 1:74
OPEN WITNESS 310 ↗COMPARATIVE EVIDENCE
COGNATES, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATIVES
GEOGRAPHIC AND TEMPORAL CLAIMS
JOURNEY STAGES THAT CITE THIS SOURCE
Ravenna
Supplies the inspected Luke 1:71 fijandam object.
Facsimile 145, fol. 123r · regionalRavenna
Supplies the inspected Luke 1:74 fijande token.
Facsimile 145, fol. 123r · regionalRavenna
Supplies the directly inspected page preserving hatandane.
Facsimile 145, fol. 123r · regionalNON-GENEALOGICAL CONNECTIONS
HISTORICAL CONTEXT, KEPT SEPARATE
WORD-FAMILY REUSE