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WIKTIONARY VIA KAIKKI / WIKTEXTRACT
Imported dictionary evidence
These are source reports, not reviewed *SET-U ancestry. A list of templates or numbered etymologies is not an ancestor chain. Scholarly disagreements remain in the original source text.
35,981 English word records · 45,491 etymology sections in this online subset
PARTIAL ENGLISH COVERAGE · FULL CORPUS REMAINS LOCAL1 source section across 1 headword matching “Lana”. These are separate from the reviewed results below.
LanaEnglish (en) · Unnumbered etymologySource text
Short form of Alana, or from Russian Ла́на (Lána), diminutive of several names including Светла́на (Svetlána).
Original Wiktionary entry and references ↗INDEPENDENT SOURCE LIBRARY
More sources for this spelling
These are spelling matches, not a claim of identical senses or agreement. Historical accounts retain their own editions and limits; none is automatically promoted into reviewed ancestry.
Browse the independently attributed sources →017
MODERN ENTRY POINTS
WORD DOSSIERS
nounhistorical form
etymologist
A specialist in etymology; an English agent noun formed on etymology with -ist.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗verbhistorical form
etymologize
To discover, formulate, state, or study etymologies; an English verb formed from etymology with -ize.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nounhistorical form
etymology
The study of the true or original sense of a word—and of the changes that made it what it is.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗noundossier summary
legend
A traditional story or explanatory inscription, descended from Latin “things to be read.”
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗Dutch masculine noundossier summary
vijand
The ordinary Dutch noun for an enemy or opponent descends through Middle Dutch viant or vient and Old Dutch fīunt or fīant from a Germanic present-participial formation: literally the hating one. ONW counts twenty-six Old Dutch records and says the corresponding hate verb is no longer known in Dutch; VMNW counts 407 thirteenth-century records across enemy, Devil, and monster senses. Several Dutch etymologists propose that the medieval use for the Devil helped preserve the word’s full ending, unlike vriend, but they mark that explanation as possible or probable rather than demonstrated. The earliest Old Dutch Devil reading is itself textually disputed, and the Wachtendonck Psalms witnesses are later copies, not directly inspected tenth-century objects.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗noundossier summary
étymologie
The French word for the study or historical explanation of word origins, attested in medieval forms long before its modern scientific scope stabilized.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗nouncontrarian claim
étymon
A French linguistic term for an attested or reconstructed form used to explain the historical development of one or more words.
OPEN THE FULL LINEAGE ↗025
ATTESTED / RECONSTRUCTED / BOUNDARY
HISTORICAL FORMS
●
Old French / Indo-European
ethimologie
title reference, word explanation, or learned wordplay depending on the witness
- DATE
- Old French records from c. 1175
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Latin / Indo-European
etymologia
explanation of a word by its origin
- DATE
- antiquity–medieval
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 3
Latin / Indo-European
etymologia
etymology; explanation by origin
- DATE
- Classical Latin–medieval learned Latin
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
Present-Day English / Indo-European
legend
traditional story; inscription; explanatory key
- DATE
- c. 1500–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
French / Indo-European
étymologie
study or explanation of the origin and historical development of words
- DATE
- Modern French record–today
- MATCH
- gloss
- DOSSIERS
- 1
0311
WHERE INTERPRETATION IS TESTED
CLAIMS & DISPUTES
SCHOLARLY DISPUTES / 11
openestablishedposition text
Was emoticon first used in 1987 or only by 1992?
Merriam-Webster reports first known use in 1987; Etymonline reports the word by January 1992 and quotes an August 1992 explanation.
openspeculativeposition text
Why did kinship become central in Scandinavian?
Cleasby–Vigfússon and Fritzner propose social explanations involving strong family bonds and mutual obligation, but the textual distribution does not uniquely prove one causal event.
openprobableposition text
Is fēogan a strong verb or a weak contracted verb?
Bosworth–Toller labels the full FEÓGAN entry strong, but labels linked contracted feón weak and contracted. The displayed past forms in -de also require grammatical explanation. The dossier preserves the source-level tension rather than silently harmonizing it.
openprobableposition text
Are hatan and hatjan two Gothic verbs or one fluctuating paradigm?
The sources preserve different analytical levels. Project Wulfila gives separate class-III and class-I lemmas; Orel publishes distinct comparative formations. Braune says hatan fluctuates with class-I hatjan, while Sturtevant proposes a specifically Gothic secondary explanation.
openspeculativeposition text
Did ritual blood relationship create the kin sense?
De Vries proposes a ritual social explanation, but the accessible evidence does not establish it as the unique historical path.
openprobableposition text
Is the marriage sense simply the original meaning of every Homeric token?
No. LSJ says some marriage-based explanations of Iliad 13.464 and related passages are wrong and directs those uses back to anxiety or grief.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Are love and hate merely two modern search results rather than one lexicographic headword?
No. eDIL places both explanations, glossary equations, and citations inside headword 1 cais, also caise.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Does λόγος simply mean “logic”?
No. λόγος ranges across account, reckoning, explanation, speech, discourse, word, and reason; “logic” is one specialized descendant.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is man derived from the Indo-European think root?
Not in the reviewed American Heritage analysis. It publishes man-¹, human being, separately from men-¹, to think.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Is the x of rēx an inherited single stem consonant?
No. In the Latin nominative, stem rēg- combines with -s; g devoices to k before s and the /ks/ cluster is spelled x. The genitive rēgis preserves visible g.
resolvedestablishedposition text
Must a French étymon be directly attested?
No. Both CNRTL and the Académie explicitly define the explanatory form as attested or reconstructed/hypothetical.
CONTRARIAN TRUTHS / 0
041
BOOKS / DICTIONARIES / ARTICLES / DATABASES
SOURCES
051
FIRST USES & HISTORICAL OBJECTS
ATTESTATION WITNESSES
06
SEARCH IS DISCOVERY, NOT PROOF
EVERY RESULT OPENS A PERMANENT EVIDENCE RECORD.
Matching text only locates a record. It does not raise confidence, settle a dispute, establish cognacy, or turn a source report into direct inspection. Follow the result into its citations and editorial limits.