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START / NODE 802Present-Day Englishbefore the 12th century–today

man

A human being and, in later dominant use, an adult male human; inherited through Old English mann from the Germanic human-person family.

“The oldest English center of man was human being or person, not exclusively adult male; wer and wīf once made the sex distinction.”
OPEN COMPLETE WORD DOSSIER ↗
7CANONICAL NODES
6REVIEWED EDGES
1FIRST PARENT ROUTES
3RECONSTRUCTIONS
1KNOWLEDGE HORIZONS
8EDGE CITATIONS

EVERY REVIEWED PARENT, NOT ONE EDITORIAL PATH

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Compound components and competing routes stay separate. Every arrow retains its sound change, semantic change, scholar, confidence, and exact sources.

01
PARENT ROUTES1 REVIEWED RELATIONSHIP
EDGE 808CONTINUATIONESTABLISHED
SOUND CHANGE
Modern man continues Middle English man with stabilized spelling and pronunciation.
SEMANTIC CHANGE
A broad human-being word develops an increasingly salient adult-male sense.
SCHOLAR
Merriam-Webster Editors · American Heritage Dictionary Editors
CONFIDENCE
established
CHRONOLOGY
Recorded before the twelfth century in English.
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THE ASTERISK IS A PROMISE

RECONSTRUCTION IS
NOT INSCRIPTION.

Crossing into a starred form changes the evidence class. The interface marks that crossing, preserves confidence, and never manufactures the next root to make the picture look complete.