RECURSIVE ANCESTOR EXPLORER
GLOBAL GRAPH ↗NORTH-STAR FEATURE / ROOT OF THE ROOT
WORD → PARENT → PARENT → UNKNOWNGO TO
THE ROOT.
Do not stop at the first ancestor. Follow every cited route—through compounds, reconstructions, and disagreements—until human knowledge actually stops.
START / NODE 1198Old NorseOld Norse textual record
hatr
An Old Norse noun for hatred, enmity, or spite. The University of Copenhagen Dictionary of Old Norse Prose gives the main neuter entry 54 citations, while a separately analyzed masculine entry has only one citation and is flagged as possibly an elementary error. The neuter corpus also contains one cautiously proposed mockery or scorn sense aligned with Latin irrisio. A c.1150-1200 manuscript visibly preserves Hatr in a line ONP transcribes Hatr hafa þeir engla and aligns with Latin Odium. The reviewed ancestry joins the Germanic *hatiz- family, preserves the disputed *ḱh₂d-es- and *ḱeh₂d- comparison, and then stops.
“Old Norse hatr has a 54-to-1 grammar problem. ONP separates a 54-citation neuter noun from a one-citation masculine analysis and flags that lone masculine assignment as possibly an elementary error. The evidence supports a real analytical split, not two equally secure nouns.”OPEN COMPLETE WORD DOSSIER ↗
EVERY REVIEWED PARENT, NOT ONE EDITORIAL PATH
FOLLOW EVERY BRANCH.
Compound components and competing routes stay separate. Every arrow retains its sound change, semantic change, scholar, confidence, and exact sources.
01
PARENT ROUTES1 REVIEWED RELATIONSHIP
Old Norsehatr
hatred, enmity, spite; perhaps mockery or scorn in one uncertain context
↑GO DEEPER
Proto-Germanic · Proto-Germanic*hatiz-hate, anger, enmity, spite, or hostility
*
RECONSTRUCTED, NOT DIRECTLY ATTESTED
- SOUND CHANGE
- The comparative analysis aligns Old Norse hatr and genitive hatrs with the Germanic *hatiz- noun after North Germanic loss or reduction of unstressed material and branch-specific inflection. The public sources establish the comparison more securely than one fully specified sound-law derivation.
- SEMANTIC CHANGE
- The inherited hate, anger, enmity, or spite field continues in Old Norse hatred, enmity, and spite. One proposed mockery or scorn context remains a qualified side sense rather than the ancestral center.
- SCHOLAR
- Dictionary of Old Norse Prose editors · Richard Cleasby · Guðbrandur Vigfússon · John T. Koch
- CONFIDENCE
- probable — The Old Norse form and comparative Germanic set are attested or published; the parent form, exact paradigm history, and semantic center are reconstructed.
- CHRONOLOGY
- Proto-Germanic reconstruction into the Old Norse textual record, including a directly inspected c.1150-1200 manuscript token.
4 CITATIONSCelto-Germanic — HATRED *kad-p. 101, Proto-Germanic *hataz ~ *hatiz- and Old Norse hatr DWDS — Hass, etymology after Wolfgang PfeiferPfeifer etymology: Old Norse hatr in the cross-Germanic noun family Dictionary of Old Norse Prose — ²hatr, neuter noun²hatr sb. n. [hatrs; -], 54 citations, primary sense hatred, enmity, spite An Icelandic-English Dictionary — hatrEntry hatr, n.; comparison with Gothic hatis, Old English hete, German Hass, Danish had, and Swedish hat AUDIT CANONICAL EDGE 1180 ↗
Publishes the reconstructed stem alternation and Old Norse descendant.
ORIGINAL ↗Independently places hatr inside the inherited family.
ORIGINAL ↗Supplies the chief Old Norse gender, genitive form, corpus count, and semantic range.
ORIGINAL ↗Publishes the historical cross-Germanic comparison and neuter classification.
ORIGINAL ↗THE ASTERISK IS A PROMISE
RECONSTRUCTION IS
NOT INSCRIPTION.
Crossing into a starred form changes the evidence class. The interface marks that crossing, preserves confidence, and never manufactures the next root to make the picture look complete.