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START / NODE 531Present-Day Englishearly 13th century–today
algorism
The older English word for calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals, transmitted through French and Medieval Latin from the name al-Khwārizmī.
“Algorithm is the altered descendant. Algorism came first; the later “th” reflects influence from Greek arithmos and arithmetic, not a Greek ancestor of the name.”OPEN COMPLETE WORD DOSSIER ↗
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01
PARENT ROUTES1 REVIEWED RELATIONSHIP
Present-Day Englishalgorism
calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals; an arithmetic rule or procedure
↑GO DEEPER
Middle English · 14th–15th centuriesalgorisme / augrimarithmetic using Hindu-Arabic numerals
- SOUND CHANGE
- Middle English algorisme / augrim stabilizes as the historical headword algorism with regularized spelling and pronunciation.
- SEMANTIC CHANGE
- Calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals remains central; later use becomes chiefly historical.
- SCHOLAR
- Merriam-Webster · Etymonline editors
- CONFIDENCE
- established
- CHRONOLOGY
- Etymonline reports an early-thirteenth-century horizon; Merriam-Webster reports the fourteenth century.
2 CITATIONSAlgorism — Word HistoryEtymology and First Known Use Algorism — Origin and historyHeadword history: early 13c. algorism and Middle English variants AUDIT CANONICAL EDGE 495 ↗
Documents the English headword and fourteenth-century report.
ORIGINAL ↗Documents the earlier English horizon and historical continuation.
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RECONSTRUCTION IS
NOT INSCRIPTION.
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